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157 results for “gas exchange”
Figure 1 in Root deformation affects mineral nutrition but not leaf gas exchange and growth of Genipa americana seedlings during the recovery phase after soil flooding
Figure 1. Four months old seedlings of G. americana without (A) and with (B) root deformation (RD) caused by errors in the pricking out process, and a detail of the RD (C).
Figure 2 in Heart rate response and bimodal gas eXchange in three developmental stages of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae)
Figure 2. Representative data recording of electrocardiogram (A) and aerial ventilation (B) in a premetamorphic Lithobates catesbeianus at 25°C. In B the signals show a ventilatory event where the tadpole renewed the air in its lungs, resulting in a marked drop in PO2 and an increase in PCO2. Following the ventilatory event, the expired air was mixed with the remaining air within the closed respirometry system, resulting in a PO2 slightly lower, and a PCO2 slightly greater, than before ventilation.
Figure 1 in Heart rate response and bimodal gas eXchange in three developmental stages of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae)
Figure 1. Scheme of non-invasive apparatus to measure gas exchange in water (A) and air (B), and heart rate (C).
Figure 4 in Heart rate response and bimodal gas eXchange in three developmental stages of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae)
Figure 4. Mass-specific oxygen consumption (A) and carbon dioxide released (B) for aerial (red lines and points) and aquatic (blue lines and points) gas exchange during development of Lithobates catesbeianus.
Figure 5 in Heart rate response and bimodal gas eXchange in three developmental stages of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae)
Figure 5. Relationship between Log whole-body oxygen consumption (A) and carbon dioxide release (B) (µmol h-1) in 10 air (filled symbols) and water (open symbols), and Log10 body mass (g) in larval (blue triangles), premetamorphic (orange squares) and metamorphic (green circles) stages of Lithobates catesbeianus. Each point represents a measurement from a single animal. The regression lines correspond to aerial (red) and aquatic (blue) gas exchange. Dotted lines represent no significant correlation.
Visualization of adiabatic gas-liquid flow in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel: Part 1 - Original photographs, uniform two-phase distribution
<p>These measurement data are obtained and analyzed as part of a research project on adiabatic gas-liquid flow in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel. (See list of publications below). <br> The following Creative Commons license applies to the research data (images and measurement values) uploaded to the online repositories:<br> CC-BY 4.0<br> Author: Susanne Buscher</p> <p>The measurement data is published in 2 data sets: </p> <p>Data set I: Original image data (4 parts): <br> - uniform gas injection, part 1: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7985771; <br> - uniform gas injection, part 2: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7986374; <br> - uniform gas injection, part 3: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7986384; <br> - non-uniform gas injection (part 4): https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8067163<br> This data set contains the original photographs of the two-phase flow in the cross-corrugated channel obtained with a high-resolution camera. In addition, the corresponding experimental parameters and flow patterns (for part 1-3 only) are included in the CSV files.<br> For uniform and non-uniform gas injection, respectively, the images were stored in sequentially numbered folders. The numbers of the folders correspond to the numbers of the measurement points listed in the attached CSV files with the associated experimental parameters.<br> The image folders are grouped in ZIP archives. Each ZIP archive contains the single-phase reference images which can be used for the two-phase images to conduct background subtraction, because the lighting conditions are equal for all images in one ZIP archive. </p> <p>Data set II: Measurement values and processed image data: <br> - https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-17868; <br> This data set contains all measurement values and calculated results of all measurement points in the Excel and CSV files (e.g. pressure drop, volumetric flow rates, void fraction, measurement uncertainties).<br> In addition, the results of the image processing algorithm are included in the Excel and CSV files (e.g. mean bubble diameter, maximum bubble diameter, local film flow ratio, extent of the two-phase distribution across the channel width, measurement uncertainties).<br> The image folders contain the pre-processed images which were the input to the digital image analysis (i.e. the aligned and cropped image section of the channel without inlet, outlet, and peripheral regions and after subtraction of the image background), and the post-processed images visualizing the output of the digital image analysis for this image (i.e. detected objects are inserted as colored regions in the image section; the meaning of colors was explained in the publications of 2022 and 2023). <br> In this dataset, the image folders are also subdivided into measurements with uniform and non-uniform gas injection and designated with the numbers of the measurement points, which are listed in the Excel and CSV files.</p> <p>The two datasets are the supplementary research data for the following publications: <br> - S. Buscher, 2023, Visualization, measurement, and modelling of adiabatic gas-liquid flow in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel, Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Berlin, https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-17866. (supplemented by data sets I and II) <br> - S. Buscher, 2019, Visualization and modelling of flow pattern transitions in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel with uniform two-phase distribution, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 144, 118643, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.118643. (supplemented by data set I, part 1-3)<br> - S. Buscher, 2021, Two-phase pressure drop and void fraction in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel: Impact of flow direction and gas-liquid distribution, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 126, 110380, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2021.110380. (supplemented by the measurement values in the Excel and CSV files of data set II)<br> - S. Buscher, 2022, Digital image analysis of gas-liquid flow in a cross-corrugated plate heat exchanger channel: A feature-based approach on various two-phase flow patterns, International Journal of Multiphase Flow 154, 104149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2022.104149. (supplemented by data set II)</p>
Data from: Promoting success in thin layer sediment placement: effects of sediment grain size and amendments on salt marsh plant growth and greenhouse gas exchange
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Fungal colonization of fine roots and foliar %N, %C, d15N, d13C, and gas exchange of seedlings outplanted at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire.
This dataset contains proportion of fine root length colonized by root-associated fungi, foliar %N, %C, d15N, d13C, and maximum photosynthesis, respiration, LAI, and CUE for Picea mariana, Picea glauca, Alnus viridis, and Betula neo-alaskana seedlings inoculated with root-associated fungal communities and outplanted at Finger Mountain and the Anaktuvuk River Fire burn scars.
Gas exchange, dieback, leaf water potential and chlorophyll content during a greenhouse drought experiment: An evolutionary perspective on functional diversity in co-occuring willow(salix) species
Thirteen willow (Salix) species occur in southeastern Minnesota and often co-occur within the same wetlands. This high local diversity is challenging to explain since closely related species are often functionally similar and density-dependent interactions such as competition and susceptibility to pests and pathogens should limit their co-occurrence. However, if willow species are partitioning resources, or if they are phylogenetically structured so that closely related species rarely co-occur, then the impact of these density-dependent processes could be reduced. In this study, I examined the role of niche partitioning in maintaining local willow diversity by comparing species physiology in a greenhouse.
The SOPRAN Aeolotron November 2014 Seawater Gas Exchange Experiment
<p>The video reports on the first air-sea gas exchange measurements with seawater from the Atlantic Ocean in the Aeolotron, including the effects of the natural surface micro layer and bubbles. In addition, aerosols were sampled with different techniques to investigate to what extent organic material from the sea surface micro layer (SML) is carried into aerosol. The experiments will also be essential for the provide further experimental data for the new SOPRAN air-sea gas transfer model with conditions, where data are not yet available. The project is funded within the SOPRAN project by the BMBF as the German part of the SOLAS initiative.</p> <p>The participating groups were J. Williams, MPI for Chemistry, Mainz (PTR-MS measurements of gas concentrations in air and water), A. Engel, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (SML measurements), M. van Pinxteren, TROPOS (aerosol measurements), and B. Jähne, U. Heidelberg (MIMS and FTIR gas exchange measurements, active and passive thermography, and all environmental parameters including wave slope imaging). External groups include O. Wurl, ICBM (CO2 gas exchange and SML measurements), B. Schneider, IOW (CO2 measurements), and foreign groups from England (J. Najera, U. Manchester) and France (B. D'Anna, CNRS, lab IRCELYON). The latter two groups supported the aerosol measurements. The experiment took place in November 2014. On September 23, twenty tonnes of Atlantic seawater, sampled from the Northern Atlantic Ocean on board of the research vessel POSEIDON and reloaded to a road tanker at GEOMAR, arrived in Heidelberg and were filled into the storage tanks in the basement of the building, where the Aeolotron is located.</p>
Data supporting "Stems Matter: Xylem Physiological Limits Are an Accessible and Critical Improvement to Models of Plant Gas Exchange in Deep Time"
<p>Model outputs from from <em>Paleo</em>-BGC and <em>Paleo</em>-BGC+. Code detailing data structure and allowing reproduction of analysis can be found at github.com/wjmatthaeus</p>
source data: ion regulation precedes gas exchange at gills
<p>These are source data for a submitted manuscript entitled "Ion regulation at gills precedes gas exchange and the origin of vertebrates". All associated animal care and experimentation conformed to the guidelines set by the Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC) and was approved by the University of British Columbia's Animal Care Council (ACC) under the animal use protocol #A19-0284.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Leaf morphological traits show greater responses to changes in climate than leaf physiological traits and gas exchange variables
<p>Adaptation to changing conditions is one of the strategies plants use to survive climate change. Here, we ask whether plants' leaf morphological and physiological traits/gas exchange variables have changed in response to recent, anthropogenic climate change. We grew seedlings from resurrected historic seeds from <em>ex-situ </em>seed banks and paired modern seeds in a common-garden experiment. Species pairs were collected from regions that had undergone differing levels of climate change using an emerging framework – Climate Contrast Resurrection Ecology, allowing us to hypothesise that regions with greater changes in climate (including temperature, precipitation, climate variability and climatic extremes) there would be greater trait responses in leaf morphology and physiology over time. Our found that in regions where there were greater changes in climate, there were greater changes in average leaf area, leaf margin complexity, leaf thickness and leaf intrinsic water use efficiency. Changes in leaf roundness, photosynthetic rate, stomatal density and the leaf economic strategy of our species were not correlated with changes in the climate. Our results show that leaves do have the ability to respond to changes in climate, however, there are greater inherited responses in morphological leaf traits than in physiological traits/variables, and greater responses to extreme measures of climate than gradual changes in climatic means. It is vital for accurate predictions of species' responses to impending climate change to ensure that future climate change ecology studies utilise knowledge about the difference in both leaf trait and gas exchange responses, and the climate variables that they respond to.</p>
Exploring Soil Exchangeable Cations and Auditing the Potential of Phoenix dactylifera and Mangifera indica in CO2 Sequestration into Soil Biomass in a Naturally Occurring Tree Patches Using Infrared Gas Analyzer
<p><em>Soil Exchangeable Cations (EC) were audited, and the potential of economic trees in atmospheric CO2 sequestration into soil biomass was investigated. . The experiment indicated that economic trees are perfect for CO2 sequestration. </em></p>
Data from: Genomic regions associate with major axes of variation driven by gas exchange and leaf construction traits in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
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Grapevine cv. tempranillo grafted onto 110R and SO4 rootstocks —gas exchange parameters
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Intraspecific variation in stomatal architecture, gas exchange, and drought response of a dominant prairie grass sourced from broad climatic gradients
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Data from: Leaf morphological traits show greater responses to changes in climate than leaf physiological traits and gas exchange variables
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Growth, gas exchange and hydraulic conductivity of greenhouse grown willows under pre-drought conditions: Investigating patterns of habitat specialization in fifteen co-occurring willow and poplar species.
Thirteen willow (Salix) species occur in southeastern Minnesota and often co-occur within the same wetlands. This high local diversity is challenging to explain since closely related species are often functionally similar and density-dependent interactions such as competition and susceptibility to pests and pathogens should limit their co-occurrence. However, if willow species are partitioning resources, or if they are phylogenetically structured so that closely related species rarely co-occur, then the impact of these density-dependent processes could be reduced. In this study, I examined the role of niche partitioning in maintaining local willow diversity by documenting species distributions in plots across a water availability gradient and comparing species physiology in the field and greenhouse. By taking a phylogenetic approach, I also investigated whether willow communities exhibit phylogenetic community structure and whether there is evidence for environmental filtering.
TeRaCON Leaf Gas Exchange:E141 - BioCON: Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
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