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28 results for “gynodioecy”
Data from: Arms races with mitochondrial genome soft sweeps in a gynodioecious plant, Plantago lanceolata
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Data from: Testing models of sex ratio evolution in a gynodioecious plant: female frequency covaries with the cost of male fertility restoration
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Data from: Do genetic drift and gene flow affect the geographic distribution of female plants in gynodioecious Lobelia siphilitica?
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Data from: Disentangling the effects of mating systems and mutation rates on cytoplamic diversity in gynodioecious Silene nutans and dioecious Silene otites
Many flowering plant species exhibit a variety of distinct sexual morphs, the two most common cases being the co- occurrence of females and males (dioecy) or the co-occurrence of hermaphrodites and females (gynodioecy). In this study we compared DNA sequence variability of the three genomes (nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplastic) of a gynodioecious species, Silene nutans, with that of a closely related dioecious species, Silene otites. In the light of theoretical models, we expect cytoplasmic diversity to differ between the two species due to the selective dynamics that acts on cytoplasmic genomes in gynodioecious species: under an epidemic scenario, the gynodioecious species is expected to exhibit lower cytoplasmic diversity than the dioecious species, while the opposite is expected in the case of balancing selection maintaining sterility cytoplasms in the gynodioecious species. We found no difference between the species for nuclear gene diversity, but, for the cytoplasmic loci, the gynodioecious S. nutans had more haplotypes, and higher nucleotide diversity, than the dioecious relative, S. otites, even though the latter has a relatively high rate of mitochondrial synonymous substitutions, and therefore presumably a higher mutation rate. Therefore, since the mitochondrial mutation rate cannot account for the higher cytoplasmic diversity found in S. nutans, our findings support the hypothesis that gynodioecy in S. nutans has been maintained by balancing selection rather than by epidemic-like dynamics.
Taxonomy and relationships within polemonium foliosissimum (Polemoniaceae): Untangling a clade of colorful and gynodioecious herbs
<p>New molecular and ecological data have necessitated taxonomic revisions of several species complexes within <i>Polemonium </i>(Polemoniaceae), including <i>P. foliosissimum</i>, an herbaceous perennial widespread in the Intermountain West of the United States. As currently circumscribed, <i>P. foliosissimum</i> is a highly polymorphic species of four taxonomic varieties. One of the most striking morphological traits of the species is its diversity in flower color, which is unusual for the genus. Several species have been proposed based on this variation in flower color. However, these names have been treated as infraspecific taxa because previous authors have concluded that the presence of micropollen grains throughout the geographic range of the species complex indicated partial hybrid sterility and therefore incomplete barriers to gene flow. However, recent evidence suggests that micropollen is instead due to a gynodioecious breeding system. Using 128 nuclear loci and eight quantitative morphological traits, I clarify relationships and taxonomy within the species complex. I show that what is currently circumscribed as four varieties of <i>P. foliosissimum</i> represent five species that, in addition to differing in corolla color, differ in leaflet number, corolla size, and vegetative and floral pubescence. I propose a new species endemic to the White Mountains of southeastern Arizona, <b><i>Polemonium apachianum</i></b>. This study provides a new phylogenetic context and taxonomic circumscription to serve as a framework for future research on the evolution of floral color and sexual systems in a previously misunderstood but evolutionarily exciting system.</p>
Taxonomy and relationships within polemonium foliosissimum (Polemoniaceae): Untangling a clade of colorful and gynodioecious herbs
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Data from: Disentangling the effects of mating systems and mutation rates on cytoplamic diversity in gynodioecious Silene nutans and dioecious Silene otites
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Data from: An angiosperm-wide analysis of the correlates of gynodioecy
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