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Long-term trends in abundance of Lepidoptera larvae at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and three additional northern hardwood forest sites, 1986-2018 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/349/2, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-hbr/82/8. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: Numbers and lengths of Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars, all species) were censused on shrub level foliage at biweekly intervals from late May/early June through late July/early August each year. Measurements were conducted on the Main bird plot in the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest and on three additional plots within the White Mountain National Forest from 1986-1997.. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Forest Inventory of a Calcium Amended Northern Hardwood Forest: Watershed 1, 2016, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
In order to evaluate the role of Ca supply in regulating the structure and function of base-poor forest and aquatic ecosystems, the Ca content of soil was increased through the application of wollastonite (CaSiO3) in October 1999. Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1996 and repeated at 5 year intervals. This data set includes 2016 inventory measurements. The data consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (11.8 ha), as measured in each of the 200 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. With the addition of tree tags in 2006 on all trees >=10 cm dbh, tracking of individual trees is now possible. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Multiple Element Limitation in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems (MELNHE): Nitrogen and phosphorus additions affect fruiting of ectomycorrhizal fungi in a temperate hardwood forest, 2018
The functioning of mycorrhizal symbioses is tied to soil nutrient status, suggesting that nutrient availability should influence the reproduction of mycorrhizal fungi. To quantify the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability on ectomycorrhizal fungal fruiting, we collected > 4,000 epigeous sporocarps representing 19 families during the course of a season in a full factorial NxP addition experiment in six replicate forest stands. Nutrient effects on fruiting shifted as the season progressed, with early fruiting species responding more to P and late-fruiting species responding more to N. The composition of species fruiting in young successional forests differed more with nutrient addition than in mature forests. Sporocarp abundance and species richness were suppressed by N addition. This work shows that N and P availability affect ectomycorrhizal fungal fruiting, with these effects taking place within a context defined by stand age and the progression of fruiting across the season. The data table in this data package contains the sprorocarp observation counts and biomass. Corresponding DNA sequences can be found in GenBank at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=MT345178%3AMT345282%5Baccn%5D Additional detail on the MELNHE project, including a datatable of site descriptions and a pdf file with the project description and diagram of plot configuration can be found in this data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?packageid=knb-lter-hbr.344.2 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Phosphorous fertilization and soil pH affect the growth of deciduous trees in a temperate hardwood forest
<p>To better understand how a forest’s response to P limitation and acidic deposition can change over time, we added P, limestone to raise pH, and a cross-treatment where both P and limestone were added to 3 different northeastern Ohio forest stands over a 12-year period. Internally, we call this experiment APEX, which stands for Acid Precipitation EXperiment. We tracked diameter at breast height (DBH) of the trees annually, conducted foliar nutrient analyses, and collected tree roots to assess treatment impacts on mycorrhizal colonization. We analyzed our dataset in three sections: the first 6 years after manipulation, the latter 6 years, and the entire 12-year period. These sections allowed us to compare differences between early responses to manipulation and later responses. The R code included here shows how these sections of data were analyzed using linear mixed effect models and Tukey post hoc tests (with the R packages lme4 and multcomp, respectively) and graphed (with the package ggplot2). The three R code files include analyses of 1) litter biomass and chemistry (APEX_leaf_litter_R_code.R), 2) ectomycorrhizal (EM) and arbscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal colonization and root biomass estimates from trees associated with these mycorrhizal types (APEX_mycorrhizal_roots_R_code.R), and 3) relative basal area increment that was calculated for different tree species and mycorrhizal association types using DBH measurements (APEX_RBAI_R_code.R). All input csv files are included here.</p>
FIGURE 9 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 9. Acer negundo (Box Elder). 1, Leaflet, showing shallow lobes and rounded sinuses, EMS 425016; 2, Trichomes along veins, EMS 425016; 3, Trichomes along tooth margin, EMS 425016, with increased density on basal side of tooth; 4, Tooth of modern A. negundo from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y2.2 of Wilf, 1997), showing the same general trichome pattern.
FIGURE 7 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 7. Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree). 1, Subfossil samara, EMS 425015; 2, Thickened ridge at basal attachment site of EMS 425015; 3, Mucronate samara tip from EMS 425014.
FIGURE 4 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 4. Fagus grandifolia (American Beech). 1, Leaf fragment, showing regularly spaced secondary veins, EMS 425004; 2, Detail of venation on EMS 425004; 3, Trichomes at vein junction, EMS 425004; 4, Trichomes at the vein junction of a modern F. grandifolia leaf from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y1.2 of Wilf, 1997); 5, Rounded tooth on subfossil, EMS 425005; 6, Tooth and rounded sinus on modern F. grandifolia leaf from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y1.2 of Wilf, 1997); 7, Trichome, EMS 425004.
FIGURE 6 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 6. Quercus Section Quercus (White Oak group). 1, Lobe of modern Q. alba from York County Pennsylvania (collection of Wilf, 1997); 2, Subfossil, EMS 425008, showing entire margin with fimbrial vein and retuse, asymmetrical apex.
FIGURE 8 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 8. Three Salix spp. (Willow) subfossils. 1, EMS 425022; 2, EMS 425021; 3, EMS 425023; 4, Salicoid tooth, EMS 425021.
FIGURE 3 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 3. Alnus serrulata (Hazel Alder), EMS 425002. 1, Whole specimen; 2, Peltate scale and simple trichomes; 3, Stipitate gland trichome; 4, Detail of teeth; 5, Trichomes at vein junction; 6, Areolation with simple and branching freely ending veinlets.
FIGURE 5 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 5. Quercus Section Lobatae (Red Oak group). 1, Leaf fragment showing asymmetrical lobe with acute apex, EMS 425011; 2, Abaxial leaf surface of EMS 425011, with randomly oriented stomata; 3, Simple trichome on leaf surface near secondary vein, EMS 425011. 4, Trichomes along a tertiary vein, EMS 425011; 5, Individual stoma of modern Q. rubra from York County, Pennsylvania (collection Y2.3 of Wilf, 1997) showing T-shape junction; 6, Individual stoma of EMS 425011.
FIGURE 2 in Riparian and valley-margin hardwood species of pre-colonial Piedmont forests: A preliminary study of subfossil leaves from White Clay Creek, southeastern Pennsylvania, USA
FIGURE 2. White Clay Creek leaf mat site, illustrating the contact (at trowel) between the darker hydric soil layer containing subfossil leaves and the overlying, lighter-colored legacy sediments. Stadia rod for scale.
Fig. 2 in Vertically stratified arthropod diversity in a Florida upland hardwood forest
Fig. 2. Polynomial (b = −2.21, 0.11; R2 = 0.93; F = 76.17; P <0.0001) regressions 2, 9 of trap height and mean species richness for arthropods collected in an upland hardwood forest in Florida, USA. Species richness declines with vertical height.
Fig. 3 in Vertically stratified arthropod diversity in a Florida upland hardwood forest
Fig. 3. Mean morphospecies richness categorized by order across 2 m height classes in an upland hardwood hammock in Florida, USA.
Fig. 4 in Vertically stratified arthropod diversity in a Florida upland hardwood forest
Fig. 4. Rarefaction curves for size height classes of arboreal and ground pitfall traps collecting arthropods in an upland hardwood forest in Florida, USA. Steep curves indicate that further sampling would reveal additional morphospecies.
Fig. 1 in Vertically stratified arthropod diversity in a Florida upland hardwood forest
Fig. 1. Arboreal pitfall tap design. Two sheets of metal flashing are cut to length and punched with holes. Next, a cylinder and funnel are formed and secured with pop rivets or similar fastener. A plastic bag is inserted into the cylinder, and the cylinder and funnel are attached with tie straps. The bag is then filled with about 100 mL of 98% propylene glycol and secured to a tree trunk of branch such that arthropods slide down the funnel and into the collection fluid.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in northern hardwood forest and wildlife clearings using pan traps.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in northern hardwood forest and wildlife clearings using pan traps". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/d6a5709f-1de0-4963-b9f9-a882026a968c">https://bionomia.net/dataset/d6a5709f-1de0-4963-b9f9-a882026a968c</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/d6a5709f-1de0-4963-b9f9-a882026a968c">https://gbif.org/dataset/d6a5709f-1de0-4963-b9f9-a882026a968c</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Soil nitrogen cycling in a boreal hardwood forest in relation to the phenolic compound bearing species Ledum palustre
Ledum palustre (Labrador tea) is a late successional evergreen shrub widely distributed in boreal ecosystems that readily leaches high concentrations of soluble phenolic compounds into water. We selected this species in order to study whether leaf leachates could be responsible for the effects of plant canopy on N cycling under natural conditions. Organic matter content, soil respiration and net N mineralization were measured in organic and mineral soil horizons and gross N mineralization was also measured in mineral soils sampled underneath L. palustre in a hardwood forest dominated by Populus tremuloides and Betula neoalaskana. Soils were amended with L. palustre litter leachates and incubated in the laboratory. Because mineral soil is also influenced by the overlying organic horizon we also characterized some simple indices of the organic horizon carbon quality (lignin, cellulose and condensed tannins) to look for differences in likely decomposability. Our objectives were i) to determine whether L. palustre presence and L. palustre leachates addition changed soil N availability, and ii) to determine the specific N cycling processes that were affected, including changes in mineralization, nitrification or immobilization. We wanted to know whether L. palustre leachates could be a mechanism through which plant presence would impact N cycling.
Forest Inventory of a Calcium Amended Northern Hardwood Forest: Watershed 1, 2006, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
In order to evaluate the role of Ca supply in regulating the structure and function of base-poor forest and aquatic ecosystems, the Ca content of soil was increased through the application of wollastonite (CaSiO3) in October 1999. Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1996 and repeated at 5 year intervals. This data set includes 2006 inventory measurements.The data consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (11.8 ha), as measured in each of the 200 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. With the addition of tree tags in 2006 on all trees >=10 cm dbh, tracking of individual trees is now possible. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Forest Inventory of a Calcium Amended Northern Hardwood Forest: Watershed 1, 2011, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
In order to evaluate the role of Ca supply in regulating the structure and function of base-poor forest and aquatic ecosystems, the Ca content of soil was increased through the application of wollastonite (CaSiO3) in October 1999. Forest inventory surveys were initiated in 1996 and repeated at 5 year intervals. This data set includes 2011 inventory measurements. The data consists of a total inventory of all trees >=10 cm diameter-at-breast-height (dbh) on the whole of the watershed (11.8 ha), as measured in each of the 200 25 m x 25 m plots. Trees >=2 to <=10 cm dbh were subsampled using a 3 meter wide strip along one edge of each 25 m x 25 m plot. With the addition of tree tags in 2006 on all trees >=10 cm dbh, tracking of individual trees is now possible. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
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