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191 results for “invasion mechanisms”
Figure 7 in Feeding mechanics in Triassic stem-group sauropterygians: the anatomy of a successful invasion of Mesozoic seas
Figure 7. Hypothetical reconstruction of the jaw adductor musculature in Neusticosaurus edwardsii. A–C, Successively deeper layers of dissection. Abbreviations: amem, m. adductor mandibulae externus medialis; amep, m. adductor mandibulae externus profundus; ames-1b, 1b-portion of m. adductor mandibulae externus superficialis; amp, m. adductor mandibulae posterior; bo.ap, bodenaponeurosis; dm, depressor mandibulae; m.ps, m. pseudotemporalis; m.pt, m. pterygoideus; V2, maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve; V3, mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve.
Data from: Quantifying and linking mechanism scenarios to invasive species impact
<p>Plant species invasion represents one of the major drivers of biodiversity change globally, yet there is confusion about the nature of non-indigenous species (NIS) impact. This stems from differing notions of what constitutes invasive species impact and the scales at which it should be assessed. At local scales, the mechanisms of impact on local competitors can be classified into four scenarios: 1) minimal impact from NIS inhabiting unique niches; 2) neutral impact spread across the community and proportional to NIS abundance; 3) targeted impact on a small number of competitors with overlapping niches; and 4) pervasive impact that is disproportionate to NIS abundance and caused by modifications that filter out other species. I developed a statistical test to distinguish these four mechanism scenarios based on plant community rank-abundance curves and then created a scale-independent standardized impact score. Using an example long-term dataset, that has high native plant diversity and an abundance gradient of the invasive vine, <em>Vincetoxicum rossicum</em>, I show that impact resulted in either targeted or pervasive extirpations. Regardless of whether NIS impact is neutral, targeted, or pervasive, the net outcome will be the homogenization of ecosystems and reduced biodiversity at larger scales, perhaps reducing ecosystem resilience. The framework and statistical evaluation of impact presented in this paper provide researchers and managers with an objective approach to quantifying NIS impact and prioritizing species for further management actions.</p>
Data from: Assessing the mechanisms and impacts of shrub invasion in forests: A meta-analysis
<ol> <li>The encroachment of invasive shrubs in forest understories can have detrimental effects on native plant recruitment. As a result, removal of invasive species is a common practice although long-lasting success is rare. In order to effectively conserve and manage invaded forests, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms that drive shrub invasion, i.e., high propagule pressure, low native resistance, and exploitation of empty niches.</li> <li>To gain a deeper understanding of the invasion process in forest ecosystems we conducted a meta-analysis of the work done in this topic. We collected data on invasive species and native community performance and on the abiotic conditions of forest understories under low and high levels of shrub invasion. We analyzed data from 124 articles that yielded 377 unique observations.</li> <li>Our results revealed that while invader performance did not vary by the mechanism of invasion, the impact on the native community was significantly detrimental when invasion occurred via low biotic resistance, and only marginally significant via propagule pressure. Invasive species performance was associated with increases in light availability, but not with other resources (soil water, or nutrients). When assessing impact on native performance as a function of invasive performance, results were again only significant under the low biotic resistance mechanism. Lastly, impacts were stronger when invasion took place by a single invader.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>: Taken together, these results suggest that restoration efforts should focus on (i) increasing the presence of strong native competitors or functionally diverse native communities, (ii) decreasing sources of invasive shrub propagules while keeping the canopies closed when invasion occurs via high propagule pressure, (iii) avoiding management techniques that degrade or diminish canopy cover, and (iv) prioritizing management of forest understories dominated by particularly impactful invasive shrubs.</li> </ol>
Data from: Ecological mechanism of climate-mediated selection in a rapidly evolving invasive species
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Data from: Assessing the mechanisms and impacts of shrub invasion in forests: A meta-analysis
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Data from: Quantifying and linking mechanism scenarios to invasive species impact
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Disentangling the mechanisms underpinning disturbance-mediated invasion data
<p><span>Disturbances can play a major role in biological invasions: by destroying biomass, they alter habitat and resource abundances. Previous field studies suggest that disturbance-mediated invader success is a consequence of resource influxes, but the importance of other potential covarying causes, notably the opening up of habitats, have yet to be directly tested. Using experimental populations of the bacterium <i>Pseudomonas fluorescens </i>we determined the relative importance of disturbance-mediated habitat opening and resource influxes, plus any interaction between them, for invader success of two ecologically distinct morphotypes. Resource addition increased invasibility, while habitat opening had little impact or interacted with resource addition. Both invaders behaved similarly, despite occupying different ecological niches in the microcosms. Treatment also affected the composition of the resident population, which further affected invader success. Our results provide experimental support for the observation that resource input is a key mechanism through which disturbance increases invasibility. </span></p>
Supporting data and code for: A high diversity of mechanisms endows ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance in the invasive common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.)
<p>This is the first release of the final data and code for the article accepted for publication in Scientific Reports journal. It contains all the necessary scripts to produce the maps of the manuscript. All the necessary data can be found in the 'data' folder.</p>
Table 2 in Clonal mechanisms that matter in Agave fourcroydes and A. sisalana invasions in drylands: implications for their management
<p><b>Table 2.</b> Standardized coefficients of the best-fitting Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) explaining bulbil rooting success under the monitored conditions (natural conditions, and experimental plots). Three predictor variable types were considered (intrinsic mother plant and bulbil traits, and extrinsic bulbil traits). Species identity and plots were included as random factors. The best model was ranked according to AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) value (See also Table S5). Non-data cells indicate variables not included in a particular model.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>Intrinsic mother plant Extrinsic bulbil Extrinsic bulbil</th><th>Random factor</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Sets of bulbils data</th><td>Intercept</td><td>traits Rosette Scape diameter height</td><td>traits Height</td><td>traits Position Buried</td><td>significance Species Plot identity</td></tr><tr><th>Monitored under natural conditions</th><td>0.936***</td><td>−0.064</td><td>0.034</td><td></td><td>0.799***</td><td>ns</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Greenhouse plots</th><td>−3.805***</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.835***</td><td>3.427***</td><td>ns</td><td>ns</td></tr><tr><th>Natural conditions plots</th><td>−0.481***</td><td>0.124</td><td></td><td></td><td>1.897***</td><td>ns</td><td>ns</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Significance: *** <i>p-values</i> <0.001. ns: no significance</p>
Table 1 in Clonal mechanisms that matter in Agave fourcroydes and A. sisalana invasions in drylands: implications for their management
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Sampling goals, work stages and summary of data collected.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Sampling goal</th><th>Phenology of flowering and bulbils and production of basal shoots</th><th>Estimation of bulbil production*</th><th>Estimation of shoot production from rhizomes</th><th>Estimation of rooting rates of bulbils under natural conditions</th><th>Estimation of the rooting rates of bulbils in experimental plots (greenhouse and natural conditions)*</th><th>Phenology of shoots production and rate of establishment of new individuals (rooted bulbils vs shoots from rhizomes)</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Sampling unit</th><td>60 individuals (30 from Agave fourcroydes and 30 from | <i>A. sisalana</i>)</td><td>60 individuals (30 from Agave fourcroydes and 30 from <i>A. sisalana</i>)</td><td>8 individuals (4 from Agave fourcroydes, 4 from <i>A. sisalana</i>)</td><td>1,184 bulbils (582 from Agave fourcroydes, 602 from <i>A. sisalana</i>; 590 from early fall, 594 from late fall)</td><td>1,440 bulbils, 24 <i>from each of 60</i> individuals (30 from <i>Agave fourcroydes</i>, and 30 from <i>A. sisalana</i>)</td><td>10 plots 10 × 10 m</td></tr><tr><th>Monitored individual nature</th><td>Reproductive individuals with incipient floral scapes emerging from the rosette</td><td>Reproductive individuals with floral scapes at the stage of maximum bulbils production</td><td>Juvenile, i.e., prominent but not reproductive individuals</td><td>Mature bulbils fallen from the floral scapes</td><td>Mature bulbils fallen from the floral scapes</td><td>New young individuals</td></tr><tr><th>Traits measured</th><td>Height and</td><td>Height and</td><td>Number of</td><td>Height (cm)</td><td>Height (cm)</td><td>Origin: from</td></tr><tr><td>diameter of the rosette (cm) Height and</td><td>diameter of the rosette (cm) Height and</td><td>rhizomes Number of emerged shoots</td><td>Diameter (cm) Number of leaves</td><td>Diameter (cm) Number of leaves</td><td>rhizomes or rooted bulbils Presence of</td></tr><tr><td>diameter of the floral scape (cm)</td><td>diameter of the floral scape (cm)</td><td>from rhizomes</td><td>Number of preformed roots</td><td>Number of preformed roots</td><td>contractile roots</td></tr><tr><td>Number of scape branches</td><td>Number of bulbils by scape branches</td><td></td><td>Position (vertical or horizontal)</td><td>Rooted</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>% of branches with floral buds</td><td>Number of fallen bulbils</td><td></td><td>Buried or not</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>% of branches with flowers</td><td></td><td></td><td>Rooted</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>% of branches with bulbils</th></tr><tr><th>% of branches with fruits</th></tr><tr><th>% of branches with fallen bulbils</th></tr><tr><th>Number of basal shoots (born directly from the rosette)</th></tr><tr><th>Monitoring dates and frequency</th><td>February 2015– May 2016 (monthly)</td><td>October 2015</td><td>May–July 2015</td><td>October 2015– October 2016 (monthly)</td><td>January 2016– May 2016</td><td>February 2015– February 2016 (monthly)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>* The individuals selected for these two studies were the same.</p>
Mechanisms of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Interventions: Influence on Human Neurochemistry and Functional Connectivity
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02677740. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
The Efficacy of P0.1-guided Sedation Protocol in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06203405. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 37.
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation in a Patient on Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (MOVCARE)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07188350. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 27.
Rehabilitation Practices in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in the Intensive Care Unit.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07093125. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Non Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00912158. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Disentangling the mechanisms underpinning disturbance-mediated invasion data
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Reduce revenue vs. increase expenditure: Fires and plant invasion drive soil carbon loss with different mechanisms in a Mediterranean shrubland
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Data from: Role of multiple invasion mechanisms and their interaction in regulating the population dynamics of an exotic tree
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Scale-dependent variation in leaf functional traits clarifies mechanisms of invasion
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Data from: Plastic particles and their additives promote plant invasion through physicochemical mechanisms on seed germination
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