Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
163
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
163 results for “island biogeography”
Data from: Early diversification dynamics in a highly successful insular plant taxon are consistent with the general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography
<p>The general dynamic model (GDM) of oceanic island biogeography views oceanic islands predominantly as sinks rather than sources of dispersing lineages. To test this, we conducted a biogeographic analysis of a highly successful insular plant taxon, <em>Cyrtandra </em>and inferred directionality of dispersal and founder events throughout the four biogeographical units of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (IAA), namely Sunda, Wallacea, Philippines, and Sahul. Sunda was recovered as the major source area, followed by Wallacea, a system of oceanic islands. The relatively high number of events originating from Wallacea is attributed to its central location in the IAA and its complex geological history selecting for increased dispersibility. We also tested if diversification dynamics in <em>Cyrtandra </em>follow predictions of adaptive radiation, which is the dominant process as per the GDM. Diversification dynamics of dispersing lineages of <em>Cyrtandra</em> in the Southeast Asian grade showed early bursts followed by a plateau, which is consistent with adaptive radiation. We did not detect signals of diversity-dependent diversification, and this is attributed to Southeast Asian cyrtandras<em> </em>occupying various niche spaces, evident by their wide morphological range in habit and floral characters. The Pacific clade, which arrived at the immaturity phase of the Pacific Islands, showed diversification dynamics predicted by the Island Immaturity Speciation Pulse (IISP) model, wherein rates increase exponentially, and their morphological range is controlled by the least action effect favoring woodiness and fleshy fruits. Our study provides a first step toward a framework for investigating diversification dynamics as predicted by the GDM in highly successful insular taxa.</p>
Island biogeography predicts skull gigantism and shape variation in meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) through ecological release and allometry
Island Rule describes the graded trend of gigantism in small-bodied species to dwarfism in large-bodied species inhabiting islands, but causal explanations remain unresolved. We used geometric morphometrics to quantify cranial morphology of 544 meadow vole (<i>Microtus pennsylvanicus</i>) samples across 11 island and 3 mainland populations from the Outer Lands of New England (Atlantic) and the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska (Pacific). We compared the thermoregulation and endurance (TRE) and ecological release (ER) hypotheses using all-subsets linear models employing residual randomization permutation procedures (rrpp), and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) for model selection. We decoupled direct and indirect effects of island variables on size using path analysis. We evaluated shape with Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Procrustes ANOVA on Procrustes shape coordinates, then assessed the impact of static allometry and TRE and ER variables on shape. Six Atlantic island populations exhibit significant signals of gigantism with the largest voles occurring on the smallest islands lacking predators. ER explains 63% of cranial size differences. Island area has a significant total effect on size by influencing the number of mammalian predators, resulting in a 0.011 increase in unit centroid size for a 100 km<sup>2</sup> decrease in island area. This corresponds to a predicted 0.9% change in size for every 100 km<sup>2</sup>. Given static allometry, cranial shape does not respond to insularity independent of size. These results suggest that Island Rule is a latent evolutionary process whose manifestation depends on nuanced biogeographic and ecological contexts that have important conservation and taxonomic implications.
Data from: ETIB-T: An aquilibrium theory of island biogeography for plant traits
<p><span>This dataset holds information on community mean seed mass, plant height and leaf area of 156 species and their occurrences on 15 islands ranging in size from </span><span>164 m2 - 19 km2. The islands are located </span><span>in Western Australia off Perth. Further, the dataset provides information on island coordinates, size, isolation and elevation. </span><span>The islands were sampled four times within four decades.</span> The data can be used to investigate spatial and temporal turnover dynamics on islands.</p>
Fig. 17 in Ptilophorus purcharti sp. nov., the first ripiphorid from Socotra Island, with an account of the biogeography of the Ptilophorini (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae)
Fig. 17. Strict consensus tree of Ptilophorini with mapped synapomorphies.
Saprotrophic fungal diversity predicts ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity along the timberline in the framework of island biogeography theory
<p></p><p>In the context of a timberline tree species (Betula ermanii) as "virtual island", we surveyed ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal diversity along a 430-m vertical gradient on the top of Changbai Mountain, China, sampling fine roots and neighboring soils of B. ermanii. Besides elevation, soil properties and plant functional traits, endophytic and saprotrophic fungal diversity were assessed as candidate predictors to construct integrative models. EcM fungal diversity decreased with increasing elevation, and exhibited positive diversity to diameter at breast height and negative diversity to distance from forest edge relationships in both roots and soils. Integrative models further showed that saprotrophic fungal diversity was the strongest predictor of EcM fungal diversity, directly enhancing EcM fungal diversity in roots and soils. All the metadata were stored here for use.</p><p></p>
Data for: Contemporizing island biogeography theory with anthropogenic drivers of species richness
<p>Aim: Island biogeography theory states that species richness increases with habitat diversity and decreases with isolation from source pools. However, ecological theory must incorporate effects of human activity to explain contemporary patterns of biodiversity. We contemporized island biogeography theory by conceptualizing island trajectories of how species richness changes over time with accelerating land development and economic trade, which increase extinction and immigration rates, respectively. With this contemporized theory, we then articulate and empirically assess expected relationships of native, introduced, and total species richness with natural and anthropogenic metrics of habitat diversity and isolation from source pools.</p> <p>Location: Greater Caribbean region.</p> <p>Time period: Database finalized in 2020.</p> <p>Methods: We built a database of 1075 native and introduced reptiles and amphibians (herps) for 840 Caribbean islands. For each island, we calculated natural and anthropogenic metrics of island habitat diversity and isolation from source pools and used linear model averaging to assess the expected relationships under the contemporized theory for 15 major herp clades.</p> <p>Results: Natural habitat diversity metrics exhibited positive relationships with native and introduced species richness, strengthening total species richness–area relationships across herp clades. Geographic isolation exhibited negative relationships with native and positive relationships with introduced species richness, weakening total species richness–isolation relationships. Economic area, based on developed land, and economic isolation, based on maritime trade, exhibited negative relationships with native species richness, but positive and negative relationships, respectively, with introduced species richness. Total species richness relationships with these two anthropogenic metrics were strongest in clades with many introduced species.</p> <p>Main conclusion: A contemporized island biogeographic theory that includes the effects of land development and economic trade on species extinction and immigration explained current Caribbean herp species richness patterns. As human activity continues to accelerate, the contemporized theory we articulate here will increasingly predict island biogeography of the Anthropocene.</p>
Data from: Fine-tuning the nested structure of pollination networks by adaptive interaction switching, biogeography and sampling effect in the Galápagos Islands
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Saprotrophic fungal diversity predicts ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity along the timberline in the framework of island biogeography theory
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Biogeography of shell morphology in over-exploited shellfish reveals adaptive tradeoffs on human-inhabited islands and incipient selectively driven lineage bifurcation
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Island biogeography and competition drive rapid venom complexity evolution across rattlesnakes
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Climate change, extinction, and Sky Island biogeography in a montane lizard
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Island biogeography predicts skull gigantism and shape variation in meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) through ecological release and allometry
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: ETIB-T: An aquilibrium theory of island biogeography for plant traits
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Land-use change interacts with island biogeography to alter bird community assembly
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Early diversification dynamics in a highly successful insular plant taxon are consistent with the general dynamic model of oceanic island biogeography
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Island biogeography and life-history traits stabilize island bird communities
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Contemporizing island biogeography theory with anthropogenic drivers of species richness
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Island biogeography of soil bacteria and fungi: similar patterns, but different mechanisms
<p>Microbes, similar to plants and animals, exhibit biogeographic patterns. However, in contrast with the considerable knowledge on the island biogeography of higher organisms, we know little about the distribution of microorganisms within and among islands. Here, we explored insular soil bacterial and fungal biogeography and underlying mechanisms, using soil microbiota from a group of land-bridge islands as a model system. Similar to island species-area relationships observed for many macroorganisms, both island-scale bacterial and fungal diversity increased with island area; neither diversity, however, was affected by island isolation. By contrast, bacterial and fungal communities exhibited strikingly different assembly patterns within islands. The loss of bacterial diversity on smaller islands was driven primarily by the systematic decline of diversity within samples, whereas the loss of fungal diversity on smaller islands was driven primarily by the homogenization of community composition among samples. Lower soil moisture limited within-sample bacterial diversity, whereas smaller spatial distances among samples restricted among-sample fungal diversity, on smaller islands. These results indicate that among-island differences in habitat quality generate the bacterial island species-area relationship, whereas within-island dispersal limitation generates the fungal island species-area relationship. Together, our study suggests that different mechanisms underlie similar island biogeography patterns of soil bacteria and fungi.</p>
FIGURE 6. A in A new species of Sphenomorphus (Squamata: Scincidae) from Phu Quoc Island Vietnam with a discussion of biogeography and character state evolution in the S stellatus group
FIGURE 6. A. Sphenomorphus stellatus (LSUHC 13483) from Bukit Larut, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia (photograph by L. L. Grismer). B. S. preylangensis from Phnom Chi, Preah Vihear Province, Cambodia (photograph by Neang Thy). C. S. annamiticus (LSUDPC 4854) from Mang Canh Village,Kon Plong districts, Kon Tum Province, Vietnam, Vietnam (photograph by RAN). D. S. praesignus (LSUDPC 8002) from Gunung Tebu, Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia (photograph by L. L. Grismer).
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Sphenomorphus (Squamata: Scincidae) from Phu Quoc Island Vietnam with a discussion of biogeography and character state evolution in the S stellatus group
FIGURE 5. Holotype of Sphenonorphus phuquocensis sp. nov. (ZMMU R-11518) from Phu Quoc Island, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.