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66 results for “nest preference”
Figs. 37–40 in Nests, Petal Usage, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini), Including Biological Comparisons with Other Osmiine Bees
Figs. 37–40. SEM micrographs of fifth larval instar of Osmia avosetta. 37. Head, approximate frontal view. 38. Seta from area laterad of parietal band as identified by rectangle in figure 37 (but more lateral in view). 39. Right antenna showing three apical sensilla. 40. Close-up of left side of salivary opening, showing parallel ridges on upper inner surface.
Figs. 16–21 in Nests, Petal Usage, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini), Including Biological Comparisons with Other Osmiine Bees
Figs. 16–21. More closed cells of Osmia avosetta. 16. Upper part of cell, side view, with petals of outer envelope partly removed to reveal inner soil lining capped with closure of soil with concave upper surface. 17. Close-up of same showing concave soil closure, top view. 18. Same cell, now with most of soil closure removed revealing some of petals of inner closure (arrow), top view. 19. Same, except now all of soil of inner closure removed revealing folded petal of inner envelope, top view. 20. Another cell with outer envelope teased open, soil closure removed, and inner envelope closure also teased open, top view. 21. Same cell with opening widened to reveal egg floating on provisions. (Photos J.G. Rozen).
Fig. 10 in Nests, Petal Usage, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of Osmia (Ozbekosmia) avosetta (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini), Including Biological Comparisons with Other Osmiine Bees
Fig. 10. Female of Osmia avosetta with a petal in its mandibles approaching nest entrance (photo J.S. Ascher). Figures 11–15. Cells of Osmia avosetta. 11. Open cell, side view. 12. Close-up of neck of same, showing sequence of plating of petals. 13. Closed cell, side view. 14. Top of same showing inward folded petals of outer envelope. 15. Same cell, now with top of outer envelope removed revealing soil closure and soil lining, and some inner petal lining where soil lining removed (arrow). (Photos J.G. Rozen).
FIGURES 33-34 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 33-34. Diagrams of immatures of Haetosmia vechti, lateral views, drawn to same scale = 1.0 mm. 33. Postdefecating larva, demonstrating overall shape; vestiture not indicated. The specimen used for this illustration did not preserve well, so that the illustration lacks accuracy, although overall form is correct; the description is believed to be far more reliable. 34. Male pupa with vestiture indicated.
FIGURES 28–32. Adult Haetosmia. 28 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 28–32. Adult Haetosmia. 28. Female of Haetosmia vechti masticating a leaf of Centaurea procurrens. 29. Male of Haetosmia vechti feeding on flowers of Heliotropium. 30. Pollen-collecting female of Haetosmia circumventa on Heliotropium sp. 31. SEM micrograph of female proboscis of Haetosmia vechti with specialized pollen-harvesting bristles densely covering the second segment of both labial palpi. 32. SEM micrograph of pollen-harvesting bristles on the right labial palpus of Haetosmia vechti.
FIGURES 20–26 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 20–26. SEM micrographs of cells and cocoons of Haetosmia vechti. 20. Front end of cocoon in figure 18, showing filter area. 21. Filter area of another cocoon. 22. Same, close-up, showing surrounding fibrous area. 23, 24. Inner cocoon surface demonstrating: (1) transparency of silk surface; note debris seeming to "float" on surface and (2) the near disappearance of elongate streak of white material (arrows), which reflects shape and not color; figure 24 with cocoon on left and edge of wall with thin fecal layer and resin wall on right. 25. Another area of cell wall with cocoon on left, showing cluster of presumed microorganisms on inner surface of wall beneath cocoon and impression of organism indicated on undersurface of cocoon. 26. Closeup of microorganisms, suggesting that more than one species may be involved.
FIGURES 12–19 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 12–19. Macrophotographs of cells of Haetosmia vechti, anterior ends at top when in lateral view. 12. Entire cell, exterior surface, showing urn shape. 13. Same cell as figure 12 turned 90°, showing asymmetry. 14. Cell top, showing elevated rim surrounding closure. 15. Cell closure, inner surface. 16. Same closure as figure 15, exterior surface. 17. Inner surface of cell showing transparent cocoon covering dark feces and streaks of white material (arrows); scale bar at left. Note ribbons of feces best seen at anterior end. 18. Another opened cell with anterior end of cocoon still attached with filter (circle) identified. 19. Another cell showing inner surface, with white material (arrows); scale bar for figures 18, 19 at lower right.
FIGURES 35–38 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 35–38. Microphotographs of last larval instar of Haetosmia vechti. 35, 36. Right mandible, inner and ventral views, respectively. 37. Lateral lobe of abdominal segment 8 left side, showing spiracle and 8 setae (arrows). 38. Spiracle side view, showing elongate subatrium with barrel-shaped chambers.
FIGURES 1–11 in Nests, Floral Preferences, and Immatures of the Bee Haetosmia vechti (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae: Osmiini)
FIGURES 1–11. Nesting site and nests of Haetosmia vechti in Rehovot, Israel. 1. The sand hillock where nests were discovered is behind the person. 2. Part of the artificial sand hillock in which nests of Haetosmia vechti were discovered. The location of two adjacent nests is indicated by an arrow. 3. Female entering her burrow, concealed under dry leaves (arrow). 4. Exposed burrow entrance of Haetosmia vechti. 5. Female Haetosmia vechti digging a burrow. 6. An excavated nest with cell chamber (arrow). 7, 8. Two cell clusters from August 2013. 9. Cell cluster from October 2011 (with running ant). 10. Detail of cell wall from October 2011, showing needlelike structures characteristic of Heliotropium. 11. Dissected cell from October 2011, showing pollen mass and dead egg/larva on top.
Fig. 14 in Biology of the Bee Canephorula apiformis and Its Cleptoparasite Melectoides bellus: Nesting Habits, Floral Preferences, and Mature Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Fig. 14. Top of cocoon of M. bellus, external view, showing fecal material in situ.
Fig. 4 in Biology of the Bee Canephorula apiformis and Its Cleptoparasite Melectoides bellus: Nesting Habits, Floral Preferences, and Mature Larvae (Hymenoptera, Apidae)
Fig. 4. Landscape at Pismanta (Iglesia), San Juan Province, Argentina.
Data for: Nest material preferences in wild hazel dormice Muscardinus avellanarius: Testing predictions from optimal foraging theory
<p class="MsoNormal">Obtaining nesting material presents an optimal foraging problem, collection of materials incurs a cost in terms of risk of predation and energy spent, and individuals must balance these costs with the benefits of using that material in the nest. The hazel dormouse, <em>Muscardinus avellanarius</em> is an endangered British mammal in which both sexes build nests. However, whether material used in their construction follows the predictions of optimal foraging theory is unknown. Here, we analyse the use of nesting materials in forty two breeding nests from six locations in Southwest England. Nests were characterised in terms of which plants were used, the relative amount of each plant, and how far away the nearest source was. We find that dormice exhibit a preference for plants closer to the nest, but that the distance they are prepared to travel depends on the plant species. Dormice travelled further to collect honeysuckle <em>Lonicera periclymenum</em>, oak <em>Quercus robur</em>, and beech <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> than any other plants. Distance did not affect the relative amount used, although the proportion of honeysuckle in nests was highest, and more effort was expended collecting honeysuckle, beech, bramble <em>Rubus fruticosus</em> and oak compared to other plants. Our results suggest that not all aspects of optimal foraging theory apply to nest material collection. However, optimal foraging theory is a useful model to examine nest material collection, providing testable predictions. As found previously honeysuckle is important as a nesting material, and should be taken account when assessing suitability of sites for dormice.</p>
Data from: Short-billed Dowitcher (Limnodromus griseus hendersoni) nesting habitat preferences in Churchill, Manitoba, Canada: Habitat modelling and climate change implications
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Data for: Nest material preferences in wild hazel dormice Muscardinus avellanarius: Testing predictions from optimal foraging theory
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: The genetic relatedness in groups of joint-nesting Taiwan Yuhinas: low genetic relatedness with preferences for male kin
The relative importance of direct and indirect fitness and, thus, the role of kinship in the evolution of social behavior is much debated. Studying the genetic relatedness of interacting individuals is crucial to improving our understanding of these issues. Here, we used a seven-year data set to study the genetic structure of the Taiwan yuhina (Yuhina brunneciceps), a joint-nesting passerine. Ten microsatellite loci were used to investigate the pair-wised relatedness among yuhina breeding group members. We found that the average genetic relatedness between same-sex group members was very low (0.069 for male dyads and 0.016 for female dyads). There was also a low ratio of closely-related kin (r>0.25) in the cooperative breeding groups of yuhinas (21.59% and 9.68% for male and female dyads, respectively). However, the relatedness of male dyads within breeding groups was significantly higher than female dyads. Our results suggest that yuhina cooperation is maintained primarily by direct fitness benefits to individuals; however, kin selection might play a role in partner choice for male yuhinas. Our study also highlights an important, but often neglected, question: Why do animals form non-kin groups, if kin are available? We use biological market theory to propose an explanation for group formation of unrelated Taiwan yuhinas.
Data from: Habitat preference facilitates successful early breeding in an open-cup nesting songbird
Selecting breeding habitats that ameliorate environmental limits on fitness and facilitate successful reproduction should benefit individual animals. This is particularly true in the temperate zone, where breeding early in a season presents a unique series of environmental challenges that can limit an individual's fitness. While many studies document links between habitat quality and reproductive success, few identify the cues used to assess habitat quality or the components of reproduction most influenced by occupying higher quality habitat, particularly during the early breeding season. We used detailed spatial maps and observations of all early season nesting attempts in an insular song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) population over 38 years to estimate the influence of nest-site preference on reproductive success and to test whether relative microclimate or food availability may act as cues for early season site selection. Female sparrows in preferred early season nest sites had earlier laying dates, exhibited more energetically efficient incubation behaviour and produced more offspring that recruited to the population than those nesting in less-preferred sites. Preference for potential nesting sites was positively related to leaf damage by Lepidopteran larvae, an indicator of food abundance, negatively related to early season microclimate, likely due to greater vegetation cover, and unrelated to site-specific plant phenology. Our findings show that breeding in preferred, high-quality habitat may offer females a fitness advantage by facilitating early laying and the production of offspring more likely to recruit to the population at a lower potential reproductive cost to the parent. We provide a clear demonstration of potential links between habitat preference and quality and their contributions to the ecology and life history of animals in seasonal environments.
Data from: Male and female preferences for nest characteristics under paternal care
Nests play a critical role for offspring development across the animal kingdom. Nest quality may contribute to the builder's extended phenotype and serve as an ornament during mate choice. We examined male and female nest choice in the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps), a benthic fish with male-only parental care where females deposit eggs in male-built nests. Using pre-built nest models, we independently manipulated two candidate nest quality traits, (i) nest entrance width with a role in oxygen ventilation and (ii) extent of sand cover with a role in camouflage. In simultaneous choice trials, male gobies exhibited no preference for any nest model type. This suggests that initial characteristics of a nesting substrate have minor importance for males, which usually remodel the nest. Females were given a choice between two males occupying either entrance- or cover-manipulated nests. The same pair of males was then exposed to a second female but now with alternated nest types assigned. Most females were consistent in choosing the same, typically the heavier male of the two regardless of nest properties. However, the females that chose the same nest regardless of the male preferred low over high sand coverage and narrow over wide nest entrance. Our results indicate that females base their mating decision on a combination of male phenotype and nest traits. While we found no indication that females are attracted to highly decorated nests, our study is the first in fishes to disentangle a preference for narrow (and thus more protective) nest entrances independent of nest coverage.
Supplementary material 1 from: Michlewicz M, Tryjanowski P (2017) Anthropogenic waste products as preferred nest sites for Myrmica rubra (L.) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 57: 103-114. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.57.12491
Study sites : Explanation note: General description of study localities, including the dates of investigation.
Figure 6 in Nesting habits of the Japanese foliage spider, Cheiracanthium japonicum (Araneae: Miturgidae): host plant preference based on the physical traits of plant leaves
Figure 6. Differences in the nest size among all types examined by the Tukey test. A solid line indicates a range of 95% confidence intervals. If the interval crosses zero, the difference between the nest types is not significant. On the contrary, if the interval does not cross zero, the difference is significant. The nest types are abbreviated as follows: S1, season's first nest; S2, season's second nest; S3, season's third nest; S4, season's fourth nest; S5, season's fifth nest; M, mating nest; B, breeding nest.
Figure 5 in Nesting habits of the Japanese foliage spider, Cheiracanthium japonicum (Araneae: Miturgidae): host plant preference based on the physical traits of plant leaves
Figure 5. Relationship between the nest size and the nest type (n = 167). The nest types are abbreviated as follows: S1, season's first nest; S2, season's second nest; S3, season's third nest; S4, season's fourth nest; S5, season's fifth nest; M, mating nest; B, breeding nest.
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