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93 results for “nesting behaviour”
Fig. 1 in Nesting behaviour and notes on mimetic relationships of Hoplisoides vespoides (S ) from Brazil (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae)
Fig. 1. Umbonia spinosa (Hemiptera: Membracidae) (lateral view). Specimen collected from a nest of Hoplisoides vespoides (DS = dorsal spine; UP = umeral process). - Fig. 2. Hoplitimyia mutabilis (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) (dorsal view). Specimen collected on the nesting site of Hoplisoides vespoides.
Raspberry Pi nest cameras – an affordable tool for remote behavioural and conservation monitoring of bird nests
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Data from: Courtship behaviour, nesting microhabitat and assortative mating in sympatric stickleback species-pairs
<p>The maintenance of reproductive isolation in the face of gene-flow is a particularly contentious topic, but differences in reproductive behaviour may provide the key to explaining this phenomenon. However, we do not yet fully understand how behaviour contributes to maintaining species boundaries. How important are behavioural differences during reproduction? To what extent does assortative mating maintain reproductive isolation in recently diverged populations and how important are 'magic traits'? Assortative mating can arise as a by-product of accumulated differences between divergent populations as well as an adaptive response to contact between those populations, but this is often overlooked. Here we address these questions using recently described species-pairs of three-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>), from two separate locations and a phenotypically intermediate allopatric population on the island of North Uist, Scottish Western Isles. We identified stark differences in the preferred nesting substrate, and courtship behaviour of species-pair males. We showed that all males selectively court females of their own ecotype and all females prefer males of the same ecotype, regardless of whether they are from species-pairs or allopatric populations. We also showed that mate choice does not appear to be driven by body-size differences (a potential 'magic trait'). By explicitly comparing the strength of these mating preferences between species-pairs and single-ecotype locations we were able to show that present levels of assortative mating due to direct mate choice are likely a by-product of other adaptations between ecotypes, and not subject to obvious selection in species-pairs. Our results suggest that ecological divergence in mating characteristics, particularly nesting microhabitat may be more important than direct mate choice in maintaining reproductive isolation in stickleback species-pairs.</p>
Lack of avian predators is associated with behavioural plasticity in nest construction and height in an island songbird
<p>Orange-crowned warblers, Leiothlypis celata sordida, breeding on the California Channel Islands exhibit remarkable variation in their nest structure and placement, providing an intriguing exception to the general pattern that avian nest structure and nest site selection are highly conserved characters. We examined nest construction at both the population and individual scale to test whether warblers on Santa Catalina Island change their nest construction in response to nest height. At the population level, warblers built both lighter, grass-dominated ground nests and heavier off-ground nests that contained more ridged materials and less grass. The probability of nest success was significantly and positively correlated with nest height. At the individual level, we found the same individuals were capable of building on- and off-ground nests between nesting attempts within the same season. However, nest construction was highly variable among individuals and not significantly correlated with nest success after controlling for nest height. We suggest this observed behavioural plasticity in nest construction and nest height is a hierarchical response to the absence of avian predators. Reduced risk from avian predators appears to allow the warblers to use a variety of nest sites, thereby necessitating increased flexibility in nest construction.</p>
Breeding biology and nesting behaviour of the endemic subspecies of White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus bermudianus) on the Bermuda archipelago
<p><span>See full abstract by searching the title of this article on the Journal of Field Ornithology webpage, ResearchGate, or Google Scholar. </span></p>
Lack of avian predators is associated with behavioural plasticity in nest construction and height in an island songbird
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Data from: Associations between human non-motorized recreational activity on nest box occupation, exploratory behaviour, and breeding success in a passerine bird
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Single and combined exposure to ‘bee safe’ pesticides alter behaviour and offspring production in a ground-nesting solitary bee (Xenoglossa pruinosa)
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Breeding biology and nesting behaviour of the endemic subspecies of White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus bermudianus) on the Bermuda archipelago
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Incubation behaviour in a double-nesting alpine bird Alectoris graeca saxatilis: Similar nest attendance by males and females
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Data on great reed warbler nest activity and song behaviour
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Data from: Courtship behaviour, nesting microhabitat and assortative mating in sympatric stickleback species-pairs
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FIGURES 21–24 in Description of a new species of spider wasp Genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from India with reports on its host association and nesting behaviour
FIGURES 21–24. Nest and host preference of Machaerothrix salticidus Binoy, Girish Kumar & Anju sp. nov. 21. Habitat, wasp nest surrounded by cobwebs. 22. Female wasp sealing off freshly constructed nests. 23. Paralysed spider recovered during transit. 24. Spider with amputed legs recovered from wasp nest. Scale bar: 23– 2 mm; 24– 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 19–20 in Description of a new species of spider wasp Genus Machaerothrix Haupt (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) from India with reports on its host association and nesting behaviour
FIGURES 19–20. Machaerothrix salticidus Binoy, Girish Kumar & Anju sp. nov. Paratype, ♂. 19. Hypopygium, in ventral view. 20. Genitalia, in lateral view. Scale bar: 19, 20– 0.2 mm.
The roles of temperature, nest predators and information parasites for geographical variation in egg covering behaviour of tits (Paridae)
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Nest building is widespread among animals. Nests may provide receptacles for eggs, developing offspring and the parents, and protect them from adverse environmental conditions. Nests may also indicate the quality of the territory and its owner and can be considered as an extended phenotype of its builder(s). Nests may, thus, function as a sexual and social signal. Here, we examined ecological and abiotic factors—temperature, nest predation and interspecific information utilization—shaping geographical variation in a specific nest structure—hair and feather cover of eggs— and its function as an extended phenotype before incubation in great (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) across Europe. We also tested whether egg covering is associated with reproductive success of great tits.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: Fourteen different study sites and 28 populations across Europe.</p> <p><strong>Taxon</strong>: Parus major, Cyanistes caeruleus.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We recorded clutch coverage estimates and collected egg covering nest material from the tit nests. We also measured nest specific breeding parameters and phenotypic measurements on adults. We tested whether mean spring temperatures, nest predation rates and flycatcher (Ficedula spp) densities in the study areas explain the large-scale geographical variation of clutch coverage and reproductive success of tits.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The degree of egg coverage of great tits increased with lower mean spring temperature, higher nest predation rate and higher flycatcher density. We did not find egg covering of blue tits to be associated with any of the ecological or abiotic factors. Moreover, egg covering of great tits was not associated with reproductive success in our cross-sectional data, yet a rigorous assessment of fitness effects would require long-term data.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Our findings suggest that, in great tits, egg covering may simultaneously provide thermal insulation against cold temperatures during egg-laying in spring and also represent a counter-adaptation to reduce information parasitism by flycatchers and nest predation. Hence, geographical variation in interspecific interactions, and consequently in co-evolutionary processes, may affect the evolution of nest characteristics besides environmental conditions.</p>
Datasets used for the publication: State-dependence explains individual variation in nest defence behaviour in a long-lived bird
<p>The uploaded datasets were used to test if variation in states predicts nest defence behaviour (a 'risky' behaviour) in a long-lived species, the barnacle goose (<em>Branta leucopsis</em>). Repeated measures of nest defence towards a human intruder (flight initiation distance or FID) of females of known age were collected during 15 breeding seasons. Increasing values of FID represent increasing shyness. Adaptive models have predicted that an individual's residual reproductive value or 'asset' is an important state variable underlying variation in such risk-taking behaviour. Hence, we used this data to investigate how nest defence varies as a function of time of the season and individual age, two state variables that can vary between and within individuals and determine asset.<br> <br> </p>
Data from: "Green incubation": avian offspring benefit from aromatic nest herbs through improved parental incubation behaviour
Development of avian embryos requires thermal energy, usually from parents. Parents may however trades off catering for embryonic requirements against their own need to forage through intermittent incubation. This dynamically adjusted behaviour can be affected by properties of the nest. Here we experimentally show a novel mechanism by which parents, through incorporation of aromatic herbs into nests, effectively modify their incubation behaviour to the benefit of their offspring. Our study species, the European starling, includes in its nest aromatic herbs which promote offspring fitness. We provided wild starlings with artificial nests including or excluding the typically selected fresh herbs and found strong support for our prediction of facilitated incubation. Herb effects were not explained by thermal changes of the nests per se, but by modified parental behaviours. Egg temperatures and nest attendance were higher in herb than herbless nests, egg temperatures dropped less frequently below critical thresholds, and parents started their active day earlier. These effects were dynamic over time and particularly strong during early incubation. Incubation period was shorter in herb nests, and nestlings were heavier one week after hatching. Aromatic herbs hence influenced incubation in beneficial ways for offspring, possibly through pharmacological effects on incubating parents.
Light affects parental provisioning behaviour in a cavity-nesting Passerine
Nocturnal bird species possess special adaptations to maximise visual efficiency under low light levels. However, some typically diurnal species also experience low-light environments. For example, cavity-nesting Passerines raise broods in dark cavities and search for food in light-abundant surroundings. It is not clear whether they possess special adaptations for low light vision or breed in cavities at the expense of impaired parental care. In this study, we tested whether light conditions affect the provisioning efficiency of great tits. We experimentally tested how the level of natural and artificially increased illumination inside nest boxes affects parental feeding duration, frequency and timing. We monitored 15-hours of provisioning activity of great tit parents when nestlings were day 7 post hatch. We used traditional "dark" nest boxes and "bright" nest boxes with increased illumination obtained by using semi-transparent plastic windows. The duration of single feedings were, on average, shorter in brightened nest boxes compared to dark ones. This difference tended to be higher early in the morning and in the evening, when the illumination in dark nest boxes was the lowest. Nest box type, however, did not influence feeding frequency or times of the onset and the end of feeding. Our findings provide new evidence for impaired efficiency of parental care due to lowered light conditions. Further research is needed to test whether prolonged feeding duration has negative effects on adult time budgets and nestling energy expenditures.
Data from: A high-resolution panorama camera system for monitoring colony-wide seabird nesting behaviour
1. Obtaining accurate and representative demographic metrics for animal populations is critical to many aspects of wildlife monitoring and management. However, at remote animal colonies, metrics derived from sequential counts or other continuous monitoring are often subject to logistical, weather and disturbance challenges.The development of remote camera technologies has assisted monitoring, but limitations in spatial and temporal resolution and sample sizes remain. 2. Here we describe the application of a robotic camera system (Gigapan) which takes a tiled sequence of photographs that are automatically stitched together to form high-resolution panoramas. We demonstrate the application of the Gigapan using data collected during field-testing at a shy albatross colony on Albatross Island in northwest Tasmania. 3. We took daily panoramas over five days to estimate mean incubation shift-duration, an indirect measure for foraging trip duration, in an existing study area. Similar numbers of occupied nests could be observed at a distance of ~100m in the Gigapan panoramas compared to ground-based counts (115 and 117 respectively). Of these, birds on 90% of nests visible in the panoramas could be unambiguously identified as marked or unmarked with a small daub of paint throughout the study period and thus a shift change reliably recorded. Gigapan-based shift duration was estimated using a novel instantaneous statistical method and were longer than estimates earlier in the egg brooding period, potentially revealing a new pattern in shift duration. 4. This example field application provides proof-of-concept and demonstration that the relatively low cost Gigapan system provides the spatial advantages of satellite or aerial photos with the detail and temporal replication of land-based camera systems. The Gigapan system can extend or enhance traditional data collection methods, particularly for simultaneous observations, at distance, of the behaviour of many surface nesting colonial seabirds..
Figure 1 in Occupation dynamics and nesting behaviours of Xylocopa frontalis (Olivier) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in artificial shelters
Figure 1. Temporal variation of the number of Xylocopa frontalis nesting females and the number of brood cells produced in the shelters at the Panga Ecological Station (PES) and at the Água Limpa Experimental Farm (ALEF) from April 2012 to March 2013.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.