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89 results for “nutrient availability”
The effects of microplastics on crop variation depend on polymer types and their interactions with soil nutrient availability and weed competition
<p>Microplastics pollution of agricultural soil is a global environmental concern because of its potential risk to food security and human health. Although many studies have tested the direct effects of microplastics on growth of <em>Eruca sativa</em> Mill., little is known about whether these effects are regulated by fertilization and weed competition in field management practices.</p> <p>Here, we performed a greenhouse experiment growing <em>E. sativa</em> as target species in a three-factorial design with two levels of fertilization (low versus. high), two levels of weed competition treatments (weed competition versus no weed competition) and five levels of microplastic treatments (no microplastics, Polybutylene adipateco-terephthalate [PBAT], Polybutylene succinate [PBS], Polycaprolactone [PCL] or Polypropylene [PP]).</p> <p>Compared to the soil without microplastics, PBS and PCL reduced aboveground biomass and leaf number of the <em>E. sativa</em>. PBS also resulted in increased root allocation and thicker roots in <em>E. sativa</em>. In addition, fertilization significantly mitigated the negative effects of PBS and PCL on aboveground biomass of <em>E. sativa</em>, but weed competition significantly promoted these effects. Although fertilization alleviated the negative effect of PBS on aboveground biomass, such alleviation became weaker under weed competition than when <em>E. sativa</em> grew alone.</p> <p>The results indicate that the effects of specific polymer types on <em>E. sativa</em> growth could be regulated by fertilization, weed management, and even their interactions. Therefore, reasonable on-farm management practices may help in mitigating the negative effects of microplastics pollution on <em>E. sativa</em> growth in agricultural fields.</p>
Data supporting "Antibiotic dose and nutrient availability differentially drive the evolution of antibiotic resistance and persistence"
<p>Data supporting </p> <p><strong>Antibiotic dose and nutrient availability differentially drive the evolution of antibiotic resistance and persistence </strong></p> <p>E. M. Windels, L. Cool, E. Persy, J. Swinnen, P. Matthay, B. Van den Bergh, T. Wenseleers, J. Michiels</p> <p>Version April 16th, 2024</p>
Data for: Brown juice assisted ensiling of straw and press cake for enhanced biogas production and nutrient availability in digestates
<p>Data for: <span>Brown juice assisted ensiling of straw and press cake for enhanced biogas production and nutrient availability in digestates (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103248)</span></p>
Data from: Influences of summer warming and nutrient availability on Salix glauca L. growth in Greenland along an ice to sea gradient
<p>The combined effects of climate change and nutrient availability on Arctic vegetation growth are poorly understood. Archaeological sites in the Arctic could represent unique nutrient hotspots for studying the long-term effect of nutrient enrichment. In this study, we analysed a time-series of ring widths of <em>Salix glauca</em> L. collected at nine archaeological sites and in their natural surroundings along a climate gradient in the Nuuk fjord region, Southwest Greenland, stretching from the edge of the Greenlandic Ice Sheet in the east to the open sea in the west. We assessed the temperature-growth relationship for the last four decades distinguishing between soils with past anthropogenic nutrient enrichment (PANE) and without (controls). Along the East–West gradient, the inner fjord sites showed a stronger temperature signal compared to the outermost ones. Individuals growing in PANE soils had wider ring widths than individuals growing in the control soils and a stronger climate-growth relation, especially in the inner fjord sites. Thereby, the individuals growing on the archaeological sites seem to have benefited more from the climate warming in recent decades. Our results suggest that higher nutrient availability due to past human activities plays a role in Arctic vegetation growth and should be considered when assessing both the future impact of plants on archaeological sites and the general greening in landscapes with contrasting nutrient availability.</p>
Effect of drought and nutrient availability on invaded plant communities in a semi-arid ecosystem
<p><span>Ecosystem functions are heavily dependent on the functional composition of the plant community, i.e., the functional traits of plants forming the community. This, on the one hand, depends on plant occurrence, but on the other hand depends on the intraspecific variability of functional traits of the species, which are influenced by climate and nutrient availability and affected by plant-plant interactions. To illustrate that, we studied the effects of drought and nitrogen addition (+ N), two important abiotic variables which are changing with ongoing global change, as well as their combined effect on the functional responses of grassland communities in semi-arid environments of Northern Africa comprising of natural and invasive species. We conducted a plot plant experiment where we planted three native species and one invasive plant species in artificial communities as of 5 individuals per species per plot. We exposed these communities to four different treatments: a drought treatment, a N-addition treatment, the combination between drought and N-addition as well as a control. To assess the performance of plants within treatments, we measured selected plant functional traits (plant height, specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), N content of the leaves (Nmass), specific root length (SRL) and root diameter) for all individuals occurring in our plots, and additionally assessed the above and belowground biomass for each plant individual. We found that the invasive species showed a higher performance (higher biomass accumulation, taller plants, higher SLA, Nmass, SRL and root diameter as well as lower LDMC) than the native species under drought conditions. The invasive species was especially successful with the combined impact of drought + N, which is a likely scenario in ongoing global change for our research area. Thus, plant functional traits might be a key factor for invasion success of plant species which will be even more pronounced under ongoing global change.</span></p>
Data from: Allocation and functional traits of trees and saplings of Bornean tree species growing under contrasting soil nutrient availabilities
<p>The files hold the data of allocation and traits of adult trees ((i) the relationship between tree height and diameter at breast height, (ii) nutrient concentration in green leaves, senescent leaves, wood, and (iii) wood density) and saplings ((i) biomass allocation to leaves, stem, coarse roots, and fine roots, (ii) nutrient concentration in levees, senescent leaves, stem, and roots, and (iii) leaf mass per area) in Bornean tropical tree species growing under contrasting soil nutrient availabilities.</p> <p>Study site includes the Tawau Hills Park (4°27′N, 117°56′E, ca. 300 m asl), the Deramakot Forest Reserve (5°22′N, 117°25′E, ca. 250 m asl), and Nabawan (5°05′N, 116°29′E, ca. 500 m asl), Sabah, Malaysia. Vegetation of Tawau and Deramakot is a mixed dipterocarp forest, whereas that of Nabawan is a tropical heath forest. These sites considerably differ in soil characteristics. The forests in the Tawau Hills Park lie on the andesitic volcanic ash derived from the past eruptions ca. 27000 years ago by Mt. Magdalena, Mt. Lucia, and Mt. Maria. On the other hand, soils in the Deramakot Forest Reserve are derived from tertiary sedimentary rocks. Soils of Nabawan are classified as white sand podosol.</p>
Data and Code for Atmospheric oxygen abundance, marine nutrient availability, and organic carbon fluxes to the seafloor
<p>Code and Data for manuscript "<strong>Atmospheric oxygen abundance, marine nutrient availability, and organic carbon fluxes to the seafloor"</strong></p>
Effects of nutrient pulses on exotic species shift from positive to neutral with decreasing water availability
<p>Temporal fluctuation in nutrient availability generally promotes the growth of exotic plant species and has been recognized as an important driver of exotic plant invasions. However, little is known about how the impact of fluctuating nutrients on exotic species depends on the availability of other resources, although most ecosystems are experiencing dramatic variations in a wide variety of resources due to global change and human disturbance. Here, we explored how water availability mediates the effect of nutrient pulses on the growth of six exotic and six native plant species. We subjected individual plants of exotic and native species to well-watered or water-stressed conditions. For each level of water availability, we added equivalent amounts of nutrients at a constant rate, as a single large pulse or in multiple small pulses. Under well-watered conditions, nutrient pulses promoted exotic plant growth relative to nutrients supplied constantly, while they had no significant effect on natives. In contrast, under water-stressed conditions, water deficiency inhibited the growth of all exotic and native species. More importantly, nutrient pulses did not increase plant growth relative to nutrients supplied constantly and these phenomena were observed for both exotic and native species under water-stressed conditions. Taken together, our study shows that the impact of fluctuating nutrient availability on the growth of exotic plant species strongly depends on the variation of other resources and that the positive effect of nutrient pulses under well-watered conditions disappears under water-stressed conditions. Our findings suggest that variation of multiple resources may have complex feedback to exotic plant invasions, and therefore it is critical to encompass multiple resources for the evaluation of fluctuating resource availability effects on exotic plant species. This will allow us to project the invasive trajectory of exotic plant species more accurately under future global change and human disturbance.</p>
An omnivore vigor hypothesis? Nutrient availability strengthens herbivore suppression by omnivores across 48 field sites
<ol> <li>Nutrients regulate herbivore growth from the 'bottom-up' via improved plant vigor and food quality. Nitrogen also affects 'top-down' control of herbivores by moderating attraction of predators and the rates at which they consume herbivorous prey.</li> <li>Tri-trophic consequences of nitrogen availability are more challenging to predict among omnivorous natural enemies who feed on both plants and herbivores, limiting our ability to predict net outcomes of nutrient availability in food webs.</li> <li>In a two-year field survey of insects on zucchini host plants at 48 sites, I predicted that both herbivores and foliar-feeding omnivores would increase with nutrient availability, while predators would not.</li> <li>My results revealed positive relationships between omnivores and foliar nitrogen concentrations, while predators had neutral responses to foliar N. Surprisingly, herbivores declined with increasing foliar N across the field sites.</li> <li>Greenhouse experiments reinforced these patterns, as herbivore growth inversely correlated with soil N concentrations in communities that included foliar-feeding omnivores. Conversely, herbivore growth was uncorrelated with soil N on plants with generalist predators, nor on predator-free plants.</li> <li>These results suggest that omnivores mount strong and consistent responses to nitrogen in plant tissues in a variety of ecological contexts. In environments where omnivorous arthropods can thrive, their recruitment to nitrogen-rich plants may increase predation and thereby counterbalance and stabilize 'bottom-up' increases in herbivore performance supported by enhanced foliar nutrition.</li> </ol>
Long-term ecological responses of a lowland dipterocarp forest to climate changes and nutrient availability at Bulusan Lake
<p>This data publication encompasses the datasets generated in a study focusing on reconstructing ecological responses to climatic and nutrient availability changes during the late Holocene in northern Philippines. The data comes from samples taken from sediment cores retrieved from Bulusan Lake, located on Luzon Island, Philippines, in March 2013. In these samples, we analyzed fossil pollen and spores (a proxy for plant taxa abundance), charcoal (a proxy for fire activity), stable carbon isotopic composition of terrestrial-lipid biomarkers (a proxy for vegetation cover), stable nitrogen and phosphate isotope composition of bulk sediments, and elemental composition of sediment cores at a high resolution (proxies for nutrient availability and volcanic activity). The dataset also includes links to records generated in a previous study on the same sediments (Prohaska <em>et al.</em> 2023), where we measured the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of terrestrial-lipid biomarkers to reconstruct past hydrological conditions, as well as the magnetic susceptibility record and AMS dates of plant macrofossils to calculate sediment accumulation ages. The data generation spanned the period from April 2013 to September 2020, and the data files are provided in Excel spreadsheet format.</p>
Data from: Soil nutrient availability rather than spatial nutrient heterogeneity shapes the intraspecific response of root architectural, morphological, and mycorrhizal traits in <em>Vaccinium myrtillus</em>
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Nutrient availability and invader density regulate the diversity–invasibility relationship mediated by soil microbes
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Long-term ecological responses of a lowland dipterocarp forest to climate changes and nutrient availability at Bulusan Lake
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An omnivore vigor hypothesis? Nutrient availability strengthens herbivore suppression by omnivores across 48 field sites
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Data from: Allocation and functional traits of trees and saplings of Bornean tree species growing under contrasting soil nutrient availabilities
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Effect of drought and nutrient availability on invaded plant communities in a semi-arid ecosystem
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Effects of nutrient pulses on exotic species shift from positive to neutral with decreasing water availability
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Dataset for genome-wide profiling of autophagy dynamics under nutrient availability in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>
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Soil toxicity and species dominance rather than nutrient availability drive plant species richness in swamp forests of Central Europe
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Data from: Evolution of competitive ability and the response to nutrient availability: A resurrection study with the calcareous grassland herb, Leontodon hispidus
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