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34 results for “organic nutrients”
Data from: Animal-mediated organic matter transformation: aquatic insects as a source of microbially bioavailable organic nutrients and energy
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Organic and Inorganic Nutrients in the North Pacific from the 2016 cruise KOK1606 (Gradients 1)
<p>Data on organic and inorganic nutrients in unfiltered seawater that was sampled aboard the Gradients 1 cruise (KOK1606) in April/May 2016 along a transect from Hawaii to 37 degrees north along a longitude of 158 degrees west. Seawater was collected into HDPE or polypropylene bottles and immediately frozen. Silicate, phosphate, nitrate+nitrite and ammonium are determined colormetrically on a SEAL Analytical Autoanalyzer (AA3 with HR detectors), with the exception of nitrate+nitrite that is <0.5umol/L, which is analyzed by chemiluminescence. Total organic carbon is determined by combustion on a Shimadzu TOC-V analyzer.</p>
The dynamics and stoichiometry of dissolved organic carbon release by kelp: Carbon fixation, DOC release and nutrient uptake data
<p>Canopy-forming kelps are foundational species in coastal ecosystems, fixing tremendous amounts of carbon, yet we know little about the ecological and physiological determinants of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release by kelps. We examined DOC release by the bull kelp, <i>Nereocystis luetkeana</i>, in relation to carbon fixation, nutrient uptake, tissue nitrogen content, and light availability. DOC release was approximately 3.5 times greater during the day than at night. During the day, <i>N. luetkeana</i> blades released an average of 16.2% of fixed carbon as DOC. Carbon fixation increased with light availability but DOC release did not, leading to a lower proportion of fixed carbon released as DOC at high light levels. We found no relationship between carbon fixation and DOC release rates measured concurrently. Rather, DOC release by <i>N. luetkeana</i> blades declined with marginal significance as blade tissue nitrogen content increased and with experimental nitrate addition, supporting the role of stoichiometric relationships in DOC release. Using a stable isotope (<sup>13</sup>C) tracer method, we demonstrated that inorganic carbon is rapidly fixed and released by <i>N. luetkeana</i> blades as <sup>13</sup>DOC, within hours. However, recently fixed carbon (<sup>13</sup>DOC) comprised less than 20% of the total DOC released, indicating that isotope studies that rely on tracer production alone may underestimate total DOC release, as it is decoupled from recent kelp productivity. Comparing carbon and nitrogen assimilation dynamics of the annual kelp <i>N. luetkeana</i> with the perennial kelp <i>Macrocystis pyrifera</i> revealed that <i>N. luetkeana </i>had significantly higher carbon fixation, DOC production and nitrogen uptake rates per unit dry mass. Both kelp species were able to perform light-independent carbon fixation at night. Carbon fixation by the annual kelp <i>N. luetkeana </i>is as high as 2.35 kg C m<sup>-2</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>, but an average of 16% of this carbon (376 g C m<sup>-2</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>) is released as DOC. As kelp forests are increasingly viewed as vehicles for carbon sequestration, it is important to consider the fate of this substantial quantity of DOC released by canopy-forming kelps.</p>
Data from: Worms and submersed macrophytes reduce methane release and increase nutrient removal in organic sediments
<p>We investigated how the co-presence of macrophytes and macroinvertebrates in organic substrates lowers methane emissions and nutrient transport, due to radial oxygen loss and bioirrigation. Laboratory incubations were performed to measure ebullitive methane fluxes and dissolved gas and nutrient fluxes from sediments in presence of macrophytes and macrofauna.</p>
Livestock as vectors of organic matter and nutrient loading in aquatic ecosystems in African savannas
<p>Populations of large wildlife have declined in many landscapes around the world, and have been replaced or displaced by livestock. The consequences of these changes on the transfer of organic matter (OM) and nutrients from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems are not well understood. We used behavioural data, excretion and egestion rates and C: N: P stoichiometry of dung and urine of zebu cattle, to develop a metabolism-based estimate of loading rates of OM (dung), C, N and P into the Mara River, Kenya. We also directly measured the deposition of OM and urine by cattle into the river during watering. Per head, zebu cattle excrete and/or egest 25.6 g dry matter (DM, 99.6 g wet mass; metabolism) - 27.7 g DM (direct input) of OM, 16.0-21.8 g C, 5.9-9.6 g N, and 0.3-0.5 g P per day into the river. To replace loading rates OM of an individual hippopotamus by cattle, around 100 individuals will be needed, but much less for different elements. In parts of the investigated sub-catchments loading rates by cattle were equivalent to or higher than that of the hippopotamus. Changing these patterns of OM and nutrients transport and cycling are having significant effects on the structure and functioning of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.</p>
Livestock as vectors of organic matter and nutrient loading in aquatic ecosystems in African savannas
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The dynamics and stoichiometry of dissolved organic carbon release by kelp: Carbon fixation, DOC release and nutrient uptake data
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Data from: Worms and submersed macrophytes reduce methane release and increase nutrient removal in organic sediments
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Soil organic matter responses to nutrient enrichment in the Nutrient Network:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
The Pulse of the Amazon: Fluxes of dissolved organic carbon, nutrients, and ions from the world's largest river
<p>Water chemistry and discharge data for Amazon River @ Obidos.</p>
Mechanisms driving the soil organic matter decomposition response to nutrient enrichment:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Dataset: Effect of soil organic matter content and nutrient loading on productivity of Spartina patens (v.0.10)
<p class="MsoNormal">River sediment diversions in the Mississippi River Delta have been planned as a keystone strategy for wetland restoration in coastal Louisiana. The introduction of mineral sediment and dissolved nutrients present in Mississippi River water could drastically alter the abiotic environment of the surrounding wetlands, and the effects on wetland vegetation are unclear. In this study, 50 sods were transplanted from a <em>Spartina patens-</em>dominated brackish marsh into a greenhouse and grown in either mineral or organic soil in combination with one of five levels of nutrient enrichment. The primary component of the mineral soil was silt collected from the bank of the Mississippi River, while that of the organic soil was peat collected from the aforementioned <em>S. patens</em> marsh. Nutrient treatments were based on a range of Mississippi River diversion discharge rates of nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, potassium, and iron as well as a control with no nutrient addition. After one summer, we found that total porewater conductivity increased with nutrient loading under both soil types. Under higher nutrient treatments the concentrations of porewater sulfide were elevated to phytotoxic levels, but this effect was only observed in the organic soil treatment. Nitrate and ammonium porewater concentrations were affected by both nutrient loading and soil type; however, nitrate was higher in the mineral soil while ammonium was higher in the organic soil. Porewater phosphorous and potassium concentrations were elevated in organic soil conditions and higher nutrient loading, while porewater iron was higher under mineral soil and lower nutrient loading. Aboveground standing crop, belowground biomass accumulation (i.e., ingrowth), and soil shear strength were also sampled at the end of the growing season with the goal of examining their relationships with nutrient and sediment enrichment and porewater chemistry.</p>
Dataset: Effect of soil organic matter content and nutrient loading on productivity of Spartina patens (v.0.10)
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Mitochondrial homeostasis of endocrine organ navigates nutrient restriction checkpoint
GEO Series GSE267248. Drosophila melanogaster. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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