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458 results for “parasitic infection”
Fig. 4 in Metazoan Parasites Infecting Xiphias Gladius From The Eastern Coast Of Algeria (Sw Mediterranean Sea)
Fig. 4. General morphology of the species Hysterothylacium aduncum (Rudolphi, 1802) observed under an optical microscope. A — anterior part showing lips (l); nerve ring (nr); oesophagus (e); intestinal caecum (ic); ventriculus (v); ventricular appendix (va) and intestine (i), lateral view. B — middle part showing oesophagus (e); intestinal caecum (ic); ventriculus (v); ventricular appendix (va) and intestine (i), lateral view. C — dorsal labium showing labia (lb) lateral view. D — posterior end showing spinous tail (sp); lateral view. Scale bars: A — x10 = 100 µm; B, C, D — x40 = 50 µm.
Fig. 2. A, B in Metazoan Parasites Infecting Xiphias Gladius From The Eastern Coast Of Algeria (Sw Mediterranean Sea)
Fig. 2. A, B — Tristoma coccineum Cuvier, 1817 and Tristoma integrum Diesing, 1850 (see red circles) attached to gills of X. gladius: C — ventral view and D — dorsal view, of General morphology of the species Tristoma coccineum Cuvier, 1817; E — ventral view and F — dorsal view of General morphology of the species Tristoma integrum Diesing, 1850 observed under binocular magnifying glass: P — parasite, hap — haptor, alv — alveoli, pp — papillae. Scale bars: A, B — 2 cm; C, D, E, F — 2 m.
A Double-Edged Sword: Parental care increases risk of offspring infection by a maternally-vectored parasite
<p>Parental care can protect offspring from predators but can also create opportunities for parents to vector parasites to their offspring. We hypothesized that the risk of infection by maternally-vectored parasites would increase with the frequency of mother-offspring contact. Ammophila spp. wasps (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) build nests in which they rear single offspring. Ammophila species exhibit varied offspring provisioning behaviors: some species enter the nest once to provision a single, large caterpillar, whereas others enter the nest repeatedly to provision with many smaller caterpillars. We hypothesized that each nest visit increases the risk of offspring parasitism by Paraxenos lugubris (Strepsiptera: Xenidae), whose infectious stages ride on the mother wasp (phoresy) to reach the vulnerable Ammophila offspring. We quantified parasitism risk by external examination of museum-curated Ammophila specimens—the anterior portion of P. lugubris protrudes between the adult host's abdominal sclerites and reflects infection during the larval stage. As predicted, Ammophila species that receive larger numbers of provisions incur greater risks of parasitism, with nest provisioning behavior explaining ca. 90% of the interspecific variation in mean parasitism. These findings demonstrate that parental care can augment, rather than reduce, risk of parasite transmission to offspring.</p>
Fig. 6 Monthly anti-F in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 6 Monthly anti-F. hepatica antibody levels in bulk tank milk (BTM) (solid line) and average serum antibody levels of milking cows during the study period (triangle points with dashed line, error bars showing standard error of the mean) in the four farms
Fig. 5 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 5 The summary of F. hepatica diagnostic test results according to farms and age during the study period (from spring 2015 to winter 2017). Colour indicates animals that were born in the same year. Coproantigen ELISA values are log-transformed (after adding a fixed constant of 1), and the cut-off defined as 1.89 (1.061 after transformation). Faecal egg counts in 5 g faeces were also log-transformed (after adding a fixed constant of 1) for the benefit of visualisation. Any post-treatment data are excluded
Fig. 4 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 4 Danish climate data for the four farms for the study period (2015–2017: red) and 30 year average (1961–1990: blue). The climate in Denmark is a mixture of oceanic and continental temperate. The mean day highest and lowest temperatures of each month are shown above, while the total monthly precipitations are shown below
Fig. 3 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 3 Schematic map and Gantt chart of grazing periods (grey shaded, time of sampling; green shaded, grazing; pasture areas are indicated by capital letters), pasture characteristics (refer to the common map legend) and treatment against Fasciola hepatica on farms O1 and O2, 2015–2017
Fig. 1 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 1 Map of Denmark, showing the regions and locations of the four farms that participated in the study
Fig. 2 in Patterns of Fasciola hepatica infection in Danish dairy cattle: implications for on-farm control of the parasite based on different diagnostic methods
Fig. 2 Schematic map and Gantt chart of grazing periods (grey shaded, time of sampling; green shaded, grazing; pasture areas are indicated by capital letters), pasture characteristics (refer to the common map legend) and treatment against Fasciola hepatica on farms C1 and C2, 2015–2017
Figure 2 in A Seinhorst Model Determined the Host-Parasite Relationships of Meloidogyne javanica Infecting Fenugreek cv. UM202
Figure 2: Effect of increasing nematode population densities (from 0.125 on the left to 128 J2s g-1 soil on the right) of M. javanica on the growth of fenugreek cv. UM-202, showing a reduction in plant growth. Symptoms of nematode attack (a marked reduction of plant growth) were evident at the P level of 8 J2s g-1 soil. However, the tolerance limits (T) of fenugreek plant shoot length i were 1.3 J2s g-1 soil.
Figure 3 in A Seinhorst Model Determined the Host-Parasite Relationships of Meloidogyne javanica Infecting Fenugreek cv. UM202
Figure 3: Relationship between initial population densities (Pi) of M. javanica and relative shoot length (A) and relative shoot dry weights (B) of fenugreek cv. UM-202, grown in pots under glasshouse conditions for 90 days. Each point represents the average of four replicated plants. Lines represent the predicted function calculated by fitting the Seinhorst model to data using the SeinFit program. Statistics for fitted models of shoot length and shoot dry weight were R2 = 0.90, sum of squares (SS) = 0.12; and R2 = 0.92, SS = 0.072, respectively.
Figure 1 in A Seinhorst Model Determined the Host-Parasite Relationships of Meloidogyne javanica Infecting Fenugreek cv. UM202
Figure 1: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the perineal pattern of M. javanica, which show a rounded to flattened dorsal arch and conspicuous lateral lines that separate the dorsal and ventral regions of the patterns. (A) A close view of the distinct lateral line in a perineal pattern distinguishes this species from other Meloidogyne spp. (B) An inner area was marked by coarsely broken striae and contained the vulva and anus.
Plate 1 in Incidence of parasitic infection in adult and juvenile Clarias gariepinus in a private fish farm, Yola, Adamawa state
Plate 1: Adult Clarias gariepinus placed on adissecting board after measurement and weighing for dissection
Fig. 6 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 6. Mean parasite counts of Neobenedenia sp. infecting the head (A), body (B) and fins (C) of Lates calcarifer over time. 'a', 'b' and 'c' = differences between pairs of means determined using Tukey's HSD test.
Fig. 4 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 4. Neobenedenia sp. mean infection success on Lates calcarifer over time. 'a', 'b' and 'c' = differences between pairs of means determined using Tukey's HSD test, p <0.05.
Fig. 5 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 5. Neobenedenia sp. distribution on the body surface of Lates calcarifer over time. A kernel spatial point analysis was used to estimate the number of parasites/unit of measure2. Dhat values show the rank of the data within 99 simulations of randomly distributed points. Complete spatial randomness is rejected with values between 90 and 100.
Fig. 3 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 3. Live fluorescent Neobenedenia sp. attached to Lates calcarifer over time. Parasites observed attached to fish following 15 min (A), 30 min (B), 2 h (C), 48 h (D), 96 h (E) and 16 d (F) post-infection. Arrow shows the haptor of Neobenedenia sp. A slightly higher exposure was used when photographing parasites at 16 days post-infection to account for faded fluorescence. Scale bar = 100 Mm.
Fig. 1 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 1. Lates calcarifer microhabitat terminology (A) and body surface regions (B) used for statistical analysis. af = anal fin; cf = caudal fin; cp = caudal peduncle; dhf = dorsal hard fin; dsf = dorsal soft fin; e = eye; h = head; m = mandible; mb = middle body; op = operculum; plf = pelvic fin; ptf = pectoral fin; ub = upper body; vb = ventral body. B = body; F = fins; H = head. Terminology is based on Helfman et al. (2009) and Roberts and Ellis (2012).
Fig. 2 in Tracking transparent monogenean parasites on fish from infection to maturity
Fig. 2. Live fluorescent Neobenedenia sp. juveniles attached beneath the scales of Lates calcarifer (A, B) and attached to the surface of the fish scales (C). Parasites are 1 h old (A, B) and 2 h old (C). Scale bar = 100 Mm.
Fig. 4 in Occurrence and seasonality of internal parasite infection in elephants, Loxodonta africana, in the Okavango Delta, Botswana
Fig. 4. The prevalence of fluke (= trematode) eggs in wild elephants of different ages, using sedimentation of FP-samples (formalin-preserved faecal samples).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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