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25 results for “particulate nitrogen”
Bulk and amino acid nitrogen specific isotope data from particulate organic matter and mesozooplankton (1000-2000 µm) from the Mekong River plume and southern South China Sea
<p><strong><span><span>The mean trophic position (TP) of mesozooplankton largely determines how much mass and energy is available for higher trophic levels like fish. Unfortunately, the ratio of herbivores to carnivores in mesozooplankton is difficult to identify in field samples. Here we investigated changes in the mean TP of mesozooplankton in a highly dynamic environment encompassing four distinct habitats in </span></span></strong>the southern South China Sea:<strong> </strong><span>the </span>Mekong River plume, coastal upwelling region, shelf waters, and offshore oceanic waters<strong><span>. </span></strong><span>We used a set of parameters derived from bulk and amino acid nitrogen stable isotopes from particulate organic matter (POM) and four mesozooplankton size fractions to identify changes in the nitrogen source and structure of the planktonic food web across these habitats.</span> We found clear indications of a shift in N sources for biological production from nitrate in near-coastal waters towards an increase in diazotroph-N inputs in oceanic waters where diazotrophs shaped the phytoplankton community. The shift in N source was accompanied by a lengthening of the food chain (increase in the TP), which may provide further support for the connection between diazotrophy and the indirect routing of N through the marine food web. Our combined bulk and amino acid δ<sup>15</sup>N approach also allowed us to estimate the trophic enrichment (TE) of mesozooplankton across the entire regional ecosystem. When put in the context of literature values, our high TE of 5.1‰ suggested a link between ecosystem heterogeneity and the less efficient transfer of mass and energy across trophic levels.</p>
Bulk and amino acid nitrogen specific isotope data from particulate organic matter and mesozooplankton (1000-2000 µm) from the Mekong River plume and southern South China Sea
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Data from: Concentrations and ratios of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the global ocean
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Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements from Go-Flo bottles sampling the water column from a zodiac during Palmer LTER station seasons at Palmer Station Antarctica, 1991 - 2012.
All organisms are composed of organic matter. Organic matter is synthesized from dissolved inorganic carbon (dissolved CO2) and inorganic nutrients by phytoplankton photosynthesis, and consumed (oxidized) by respiration by heterotrophs (zooplankton and bacteria). The organic matter in seawater is a variable mixture of dissolved and particulate organic matter (DOM and POM). Typically DOM predominates over POM by an order of magnitude, but the relative amount of POM can be highly enhanced during large phytoplankton blooms. The principal elemental components of POM include organic carbon (POC), organic nitrogen (PN), there is no particulate inorganic N) and phosphorus (POP). These elements exist in a relatively stable, characteristic ratio of 106:6:1 (C:N:P) in seawater, known as the Redfield Ratio. Marine particulate matter is a complex mixture of live and dead plankton and detritus, and of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. POC and PN are enhanced in the euphoric zone, reflecting their origin by photosynthesis. The particulate pool is also a complex assemblage of particles of different sizes, shapes and densities. A simplified scheme divides the particles into large, rapidly sinking particles (10s - 100s of meters per day) and smaller, suspended particles. The transition between small particles and dissolved organic matter is typically specified by filtration through GF/F filters. POC and PN are analyzed for all samples in the upper 50 meters at Palmer Station B (75 m depth) and the upper 65 m at Station E (200 m depth). There is a gradient of POM from higher values inshore to much lower values in deep ocean water beyond the continental shelf break (sampled on the annual cruise).
Particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements from water column sample bottles, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the Western Antarctic Peninsula, 1991 - 2012. Cruise PD94-01 not included in time series for lack of samples
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