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Combining point counts and autonomous recording units improves avian survey efficacy across elevational gradients on two continents
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Point count bird censusing - long term study in central Arizona-Phoenix: Study sites
Project goal: To study the patterns in bird species diversity, abundance and distribution over time and space, and the processes behind these patterns as a result of urbanization. The ongoing project (since October 2000) is documenting the abundance and distribution of birds in four habitats (51 sites): Urban (18) Desert (15) Riparian (11) and agricultural (7). The 40 non-riparian sites are a subset of the CAP LTER Survey200 points. We are using point counts to survey birds four times a year (January, April, July and October). During each session each point is visited by three birders who count all birds seen or heard for 15 minutes. Our goal is to study how different land-use forms affect bird abundance, distribution and diversity in the greater Phoenix area in order to predict and preserve high bird species diversity as urban development is proceeding. This dataset documents only the spatial location of bird survey locations. For full project data, including results of bird surveys, and updated bird survey locations, please see: Bateman, Heather; Childers, Dan; Katti, Madhusudan; Shochat, Eyal; Warren, Paige (2016-12-16): Point-count bird censusing: long-term monitoring of bird abundance and diversity in central Arizona-Phoenix, ongoing since 2000. Long Term Ecological Research Network. http://dx.doi.org/10.6073/pasta/cc7181cd38ce3a19e32708caebdf13de
Point Count Bird Censusing Data Subset for Paper 'EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND VEGETATION COVER ON BIRD COMMUNITIES' Walker et. al
Animals utilize their environment across a range of scales, which is bounded by their extent, the broadest spatial area which organisms respond to their environment within their lifetime, and the spatial grain, the smallest area they respond to their environment (Kotlier and Wiens 1990). Within this range, organisms likely respond to their environment at a hierarchy of levels. Johnson (1980) recognizes four distinct levels of hierarchical habitat selection. At the very largest scale, first order selection, includes the entire area that an organism utilizes within its lifetime, and is also known as an organisms global home range or extent. In contrast, second order selection is an organisms local home range, or the area that it occupies within a unique ecosystem. This distinction is most apparent with migratory animals who utilize more than one distinct landscape for their survival (i.e. summer vs. winter feeding grounds), and much less so for organisms resident of one specific landscape for their entire life span. Third order selection is the selection of specific habitat patches within an ecosystem. For example, a Monarch butterfly would tend to select patches of milkweed within a prairie. And the lowest level, fourth order selection, involves the physical procurement of food within a selected patch, in our example, specific flowers within a milkweed patch, and is also known as grain. Realizing the importance of hierarchical habitat selection, it has become apparent that single-scale studies of animals responses to their environment may fail to adequately represent how that specific animal is responding to ecological parameter of interest, especially if they are not responding to the landscape at that scale (Holling 1992). The range of scales which an animal of interest is utilizing a landscape is important to determine prior to any further ecological investigation, as inappropriate scalar mismatch between organism and environment can lead to ambiguous or even dece
Avian point-counts from Rhode Island and Connecticut used to test species distribution models
<p>Spatial-biases are a common feature of presence-absence data from citizen scientists. Spatial thinning can mitigate errors in species distribution models (SDMs) that use these data. When detections or non-detections are rare, however, SDMs may suffer from class imbalance or low sample size of the minority (i.e. rarer) class. Poor predictions can result, the severity of which may vary by modeling technique. To explore the consequences of spatial bias and class imbalance in presence-absence data, we used eBird citizen science data for 102 bird species from the northeastern USA to compare spatial thinning, class balancing, and majority-only thinning (i.e., retaining all samples of the minority class). We created SDMs using two parametric or semi-parametric techniques (generalized linear models and generalized additive models) and two machine-learning techniques (random forest and boosted regression trees). We tested the predictive abilities of these SDMs using an independent and systematically collected reference dataset with a combination of discrimination (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve; true skill statistic; area under the precision-recall curve) and calibration (Brier score; Cohen's kappa) metrics. We found large variation in SDM performance depending on thinning and balancing decisions. Across all species, there was no single best approach, with the optimal choice of thinning and/or balancing depending on modeling technique, performance metric, and the baseline sample prevalence of species in the data. Spatially thinning all the data was often a poor approach, especially for species with baseline sample prevalence < 0.1. For most of these rare species, balancing classes improved model discrimination between presence and absence classes, but hindered model calibration. Baseline sample prevalence, sample size, modeling approach, and the intended application of SDM output – whether discrimination or calibration – should guide decisions about how to thin or balance data, given the considerable influence of these methodological choices on SDM performance. For prognostic applications requiring good model calibration (vis-à-vis discrimination), the match between sample prevalence and true species prevalence may be the overriding feature and warrants further investigation.</p>
Thirty-six consecutive months of bird point count data from twenty count sites in a Mexican wetland
<p>This data comprises point count abundance values for birds recorded over 36 consecutive months at 20 point count sites in a coastal lagoon in Oaxaca, southwest Mexico (15°49′26″ N–56 96°34′53″ W). Twenty-four months of point counts were done prior to Hurricane Carlotta (June 2010 to May 2012) and 12 months post-hurricane (June 2012 to May 2013).</p>
FIGURE 5 in Recommendations For Monitoring Avian Populations With Point Counts: A Case Study In Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 5: Monthly counts of rare (sightings ≤ 5 for the entire year) species comparing endemic and non-endemic species show that these rare species may be seen in any month of the year. Months are separated by dry and wet seasons.
FIGURE 4 in Recommendations For Monitoring Avian Populations With Point Counts: A Case Study In Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4: Comparisons of species richness (A) and abundance (C) by time of day (morning – AM, and afternoon – PM), and separated by endemic and nonendemic species richness (B) and abundance (D) as the difference between AM and PM during 2006 show that more species and individuals were recorded on morning counts. Months begin in April to clearly separate the dry from the wet season. Error bars represent 95% confidence interval.
FIGURE 4 in On The Use Of 10-Minute Point Counts And 10-Species Lists For Surveying Birds In Lowland Atlantic Forests In Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4: Species accumulation curves of bird species surveyed with 10-species lists and 10-minute point counts as a function of the number of days in lowland Atlantic Forests in the municipalities of Bertioga and Santos, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil.
FIGURE 2 in On The Use Of 10-Minute Point Counts And 10-Species Lists For Surveying Birds In Lowland Atlantic Forests In Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2: Species accumulation curves and estimation curves using the Chao1 estimator for bird communities in the municipalities of Bertioga and Santos, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, using MacKinnon lists (one sample = one 10-species list) and point counts (one sample = one point count). Each curve represents the average values of 50 randomizations of the sampling order.
Avian point-counts from Rhode Island and Connecticut used to test species distribution models
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Thirty-six consecutive months of bird point count data from twenty count sites in a Mexican wetland
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Avifaunal and Herpetofaunal point counts with recorded acoustic data
<b>Description: </b><p>A series of 20 minute avifaunal and herpetofaunal point counts conducted throughout the SAFE landscape across a land degradation gradient. Point counts were spread evenly throughout the 24 hours of the day. Associated with each point count is an audio recording file, so (theoretically) this could be used as a training dataset for automated bioacoustic studies. Jani Sleutel was responsible for avifaunal surveys and Adi Shabrani / Nursyamin Zulkifli for herpetofaunal data. This experiment was primarily designed by Sarab Sethi and Rob Ewers as part of the WWF Biome Health project. Full acoustic data is hosted elsewhere, contact Sarab for more information.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/175"><b>Continuous bio-acoustic monitoring (2020 extension)</b></a></p><p><b>Funding: </b>These data were collected as part of research funded by: </p><ul><li>NERC (NERC SSCP DTP Studentship, <a href="https://www.imperial.ac.uk/grantham/education/science-and-solutions-for-a-changing-planet-dtp/">https://www.imperial.ac.uk/grantham/education/science-and-solutions-for-a-changing-planet-dtp/</a>)</li><li>WWF (WWF biome health project, <a href="https://www.biomehealthproject.com/">https://www.biomehealthproject.com/</a>)</li></ul><p>This dataset is released under the CC-BY 4.0 licence, requiring that you cite the dataset in any outputs, but has the additional condition that you acknowledge the contribution of these funders in any outputs.</p><p></p><p><b>Permits: </b>These data were collected under permit from the following authorities:</p><ul><li>Sabah research council (Research licence JKM/MBS.1000-2/2 JLD.8 (63))</li></ul><p></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3997172">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: Sarab_point_count_data_SAFE_formatted_aug_2020.xlsx</p><p><b>Sarab_point_count_data_SAFE_formatted_aug_2020.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 3 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Point count recordings</b> (described in worksheet Point_count_recordings)</p><p>Description: Audio files and collection</p><p>Number of fields: 9</p><p>Number of data rows: 1482</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Point_count_ID</b>: Point count location (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Audio_file</b>: Audio file ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Site</b>: Location in the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Date</b>: Date of recording (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Time</b>: Time of recording (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Weather</b>: Weather conditions of recording (Field type: comments)</li><li><b>Adi_Syamin</b>: Research assistant (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Jani</b>: Research assistant (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>Notes</b>: Notes (Field type: comments)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Point count data</b> (described in worksheet Point_count_data)</p><p>Description: Animals visually and audially observed</p><p>Number of fields: 8</p><p>Number of data rows: 12985</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Point_count_ID</b>: Point count location (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Site</b>: Location in the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Species_common_name</b>: Common name of species seen and/or seen (Field type: taxa)</li><li><b>Est_distance</b>: Estimated distance of species (Field type: numeric)</li><li><b>PC_time</b>: Time within the Point Count (0-20mins) (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Time_of_day</b>: The time of the observation (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Audio_visual</b>: Visual or Audio sighting (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Notes</b>: Notes (Field type: comments)</li></ul></li><li><p><b>Audio moths</b> (described in worksheet Audio_moths)</p><p>Description: Location and collection of recorder </p><p>Number of fields: 9</p><p>Number of data rows: 81</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>Audio_file</b>: Point count location (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Site</b>: Location in the SAFE landscape (Field type: location)</li><li><b>Audio_moth_ID</b>: Audio file ID (Field type: id)</li><li><b>Tree</b>: Location of recorder (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>Setup_date</b>: Date the recorder was placed in forest (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Setup_time</b>: Time the recorder was set up in forest (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Collect_date</b>: Date the recorder was collected (Field type: date)</li><li><b>Collect_time</b>: Time the recorder was collected (Field type: time)</li><li><b>Notes</b>: Notes (Field type: comments)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2018-03-06 to 2020-03-01</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.5000 to 5.0700</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.7500 to 117.8200</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Animalia <br> -  -  Chordata <br> -  -  -  Aves <br> -  -  -  -  Passeriformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Eurylaimidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus ochromalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calyptomena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calyptomena viridis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chloropseidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis sonnerati</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis cyanopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus maculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus xanthopygius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum trigonostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum agile</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum chrysorrheum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus maculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus xanthopygius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum trigonostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum agile</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum chrysorrheum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Muscicapidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichixos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichixos pyrropygus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Copsychus pyrropygus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficedula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficedula narcissina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus ruficapillus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus leschenaulti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa sibirica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa griseisticta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis superbus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis umbratilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis caerulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus saularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus malabaricus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus stricklandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chloropseidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis sonnerati</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis cyanopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Monarchidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hypothymis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hypothymis azurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone incei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone affinis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hirundinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hirundo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hirundo tahitica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cisticolidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus ruficeps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus atrogularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus sericeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus ruficeps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus atrogularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus sericeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prinia flaviventris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Timaliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pomatorhinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pomatorhinus montanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris nigricollis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris maculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris erythroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris poliocephala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus bornensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus ptilosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyridopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyridopsis rufifrons</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Corvidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corvus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corvus enca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platylophus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platylophus galericulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platysmurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platysmurus leucopterus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sturnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplonis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplonis panayensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gracula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gracula religiosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pellorneidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron magnirostre</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron magnum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron cinereum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron affine</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pellorneum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pellorneum capistratum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma bicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma bicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma rostratum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcippe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcippe brunneicauda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kenopia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kenopia striata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacocincla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacocincla malaccensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rhipiduridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhipidura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhipidura javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tephrodornithidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tephrodornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tephrodornis virgatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma velata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma pyrhoptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus picatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus hirundinaceus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phylloscopidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phylloscopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phylloscopus borealis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Acanthizidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gerygone</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gerygone sulphurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Campephagidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus igneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus speciosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lalage</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lalage fimbriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Motacillidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Motacilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Motacilla cinerea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Locustellidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalurus palustris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Vireonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erpornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erpornis zantholeuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Estrildidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura atricapilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura fuscans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura punctulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicruridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrurus aeneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oriolidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus xanthonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus xanthonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Zosteropidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Yuhina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Yuhina everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Irenidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irena puella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Aegithinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aegithina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aegithina viridissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pittidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erythropitta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erythropitta ussheri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pitta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pitta sordida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Trogoniformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Trogonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes diardii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes kasumba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes duvaucelii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Apodiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Apodidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hemiprocnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemiprocne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemiprocne comata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Piciformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Capitonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Picidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus brachyurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma miniaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia abnormis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tukki</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tristis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus validus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus rubiginosus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Blythipicus rubiginosus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus pulverulentus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium rafflesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Picidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus brachyurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma miniaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia abnormis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tukki</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tristis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus validus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus rubiginosus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Blythipicus rubiginosus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus pulverulentus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium rafflesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ramphastidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon duvaucelii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon chrysopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon mystacophanos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon henricii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caloramphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caloramphus fuliginosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Accipitriformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Accipitridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinaetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinaetus malayensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spilornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spilornis cheela</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Accipiter</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Accipiter trivirgatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nisaetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nisaetus cirrhatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pernis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pernis ptilorhynchus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Coraciiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Alcedinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo euryzona</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo meninting</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx erithaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx erithaca erithaca</i> (as synonym: <i>Ceyx rufidorsa</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lacedo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lacedo pulchella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actenoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actenoides concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Meropidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Merops</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Merops viridis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctyornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctyornis amictus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coraciidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurystomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurystomus orientalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Caprimulgiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Caprimulgidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caprimulgus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caprimulgus macrurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Podargidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Batrachostomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Batrachostomus cornutus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Strigiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tytonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phodilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phodilus badius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Strigidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ninox</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ninox scutulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bubo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bubo sumatranus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Otus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Otus rufescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Bucerotiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Bucerotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Berenicornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Berenicornis comatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anorrhinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anorrhinus galeritus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthracoceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthracoceros malayanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhyticeros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhyticeros undulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Buceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Buceros rhinoceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinoplax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinoplax vigil</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Falconiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Falconidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhierax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhierax latifrons</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Galliformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phasianidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arborophila</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arborophila charltonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coturnix</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Excalfactoria chinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Argusianus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Argusianus argus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophura ignita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gallus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gallus gallus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Columbiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Columbidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Streptopelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Streptopelia chinensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Spilopelia chinensis</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps indica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps indica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Geopelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Geopelia striata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Treron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Treron olax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ducula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ducula aenea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Cuculiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cuculidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus sinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus bengalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus rectunguis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenicophaeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus curvirostris</i> (as synonym: <i>Phaenicophaeus curvirostris</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx fugax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx vagans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis sonneratii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis merulinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysococcyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cuculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cuculus micropterus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhopodytes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhopodytes diardi</i> (as synonym: <i>Phaenicophaeus diardi</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Surniculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Surniculus lugubris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinortha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinortha chlorophaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Psittaciformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Psittacidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Loriculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Loriculus galgulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psittacula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psittacula longicauda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis baudii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis schwaneri</i> <br> -  -  -  Mammalia <br> -  -  -  -  Scandentia <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tupaiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tupaia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Artiodactyla <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cervidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rusa unicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muntiacus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muntiacus muntjak</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tragulidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus kanchil</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Suidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sus barbatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Rodentia <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sciuridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Exilisciurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Exilisciurus exilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Muridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rattus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Primates <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lorisidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nycticebus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hylobatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylobates</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylobates muelleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cercopithecidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Presbytis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Presbytis rubicunda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca sylvanus</i> (as synonym: <i>Simia inuus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca nemestrina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hominidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pongo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pongo pygmaeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homo sapiens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Carnivora <br> -  -  -  -  -  Canidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Felidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionailurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionailurus bengalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Viverridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Viverra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Viverra tangalunga</i> <br> -  -  -  Aves <br> -  -  -  -  Passeriformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Eurylaimidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurylaimus ochromalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calyptomena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Calyptomena viridis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chloropseidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis sonnerati</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis cyanopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus maculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus xanthopygius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum trigonostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum agile</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum chrysorrheum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus maculatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionochilus xanthopygius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum trigonostigma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum agile</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicaeum chrysorrheum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Muscicapidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichixos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichixos pyrropygus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Copsychus pyrropygus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficedula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ficedula narcissina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus ruficapillus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Enicurus leschenaulti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa sibirica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muscicapa griseisticta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis superbus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis umbratilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyornis caerulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus saularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus malabaricus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Copsychus stricklandii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chloropseidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis sonnerati</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chloropsis cyanopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Monarchidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hypothymis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hypothymis azurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone incei</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Terpsiphone affinis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pycnonotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus brunneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus melanoleucos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus atriceps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus plumosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus eutilotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus erythropthalmos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pycnonotus goiavier</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus finschii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus bres</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alophoixus phaeocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tricholestes criniger</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Iole crypta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Leiothrichidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Nectariniidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arachnothera longirostra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes simplex</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthreptes rhodolaemus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aethopyga siparaja</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cinnyris jugularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptocoma brasiliana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcoparia singalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hirundinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hirundo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hirundo tahitica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cisticolidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus ruficeps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus atrogularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus sericeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus ruficeps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus atrogularis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Orthotomus sericeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prinia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prinia flaviventris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Timaliidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pomatorhinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pomatorhinus montanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris nigricollis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris maculata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris erythroptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyris poliocephala</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus bornensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macronus ptilosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyridopsis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Stachyridopsis rufifrons</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Corvidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corvus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Corvus enca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platylophus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platylophus galericulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platysmurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Platysmurus leucopterus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sturnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplonis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplonis panayensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gracula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gracula religiosa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pellorneidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron magnirostre</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron magnum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron cinereum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacopteron affine</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pellorneum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pellorneum capistratum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma bicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma bicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Trichastoma rostratum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcippe</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcippe brunneicauda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kenopia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kenopia striata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacocincla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Malacocincla malaccensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rhipiduridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhipidura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhipidura javanica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tephrodornithidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tephrodornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tephrodornis virgatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma velata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philentoma pyrhoptera</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus picatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemipus hirundinaceus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phylloscopidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phylloscopus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phylloscopus borealis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Acanthizidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gerygone</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gerygone sulphurea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Campephagidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus igneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pericrocotus speciosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lalage</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lalage fimbriata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Motacillidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Motacilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Motacilla cinerea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Locustellidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megalurus palustris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Vireonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erpornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erpornis zantholeuca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Estrildidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura atricapilla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura fuscans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lonchura punctulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicruridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dicrurus aeneus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Oriolidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus xanthonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Oriolus xanthonotus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Zosteropidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Yuhina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Yuhina everetti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Irenidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irena</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Irena puella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Aegithinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aegithina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aegithina viridissima</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Pittidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erythropitta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Erythropitta ussheri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pitta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pitta sordida</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Trogoniformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Trogonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes diardii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes kasumba</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Harpactes duvaucelii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Apodiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Apodidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hemiprocnidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemiprocne</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemiprocne comata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Piciformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Capitonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Picidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus brachyurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma miniaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia abnormis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tukki</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tristis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus validus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus rubiginosus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Blythipicus rubiginosus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus pulverulentus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium rafflesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Picidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Micropternus brachyurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysophlegma miniaceum</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sasia abnormis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tukki</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meiglyptes tristis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Reinwardtipicus validus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Piculus rubiginosus</i> (as homotypic_synonym: <i>Blythipicus rubiginosus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Mulleripicus pulverulentus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemicircus concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Dinopium rafflesii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ramphastidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon duvaucelii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon chrysopogon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon mystacophanos</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psilopogon henricii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caloramphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caloramphus fuliginosus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Accipitriformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Accipitridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinaetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ictinaetus malayensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spilornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Spilornis cheela</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Accipiter</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Accipiter trivirgatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nisaetus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nisaetus cirrhatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pernis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pernis ptilorhynchus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Coraciiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Alcedinidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo euryzona</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Alcedo meninting</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx erithaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ceyx erithaca erithaca</i> (as synonym: <i>Ceyx rufidorsa</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lacedo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lacedo pulchella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actenoides</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Actenoides concretus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Meropidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Merops</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Merops viridis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctyornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctyornis amictus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Coraciidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurystomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eurystomus orientalis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Caprimulgiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Caprimulgidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caprimulgus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Caprimulgus macrurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Podargidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Batrachostomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Batrachostomus cornutus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Strigiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tytonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phodilus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phodilus badius</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Strigidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ninox</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ninox scutulata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bubo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bubo sumatranus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Otus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Otus rufescens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Bucerotiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Bucerotidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Berenicornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Berenicornis comatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anorrhinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anorrhinus galeritus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthracoceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Anthracoceros malayanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhyticeros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhyticeros undulatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Buceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Buceros rhinoceros</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinoplax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinoplax vigil</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Falconiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Falconidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhierax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhierax latifrons</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Galliformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Phasianidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arborophila</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Arborophila charltonii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Coturnix</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Excalfactoria chinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Argusianus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Argusianus argus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Lophura ignita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gallus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gallus gallus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Columbiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Columbidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Streptopelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Streptopelia chinensis</i> (as synonym: <i>Spilopelia chinensis</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps indica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chalcophaps indica</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Geopelia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Geopelia striata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Treron</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Treron olax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ducula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ducula aenea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Cuculiformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cuculidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus sinensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus bengalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Centropus rectunguis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phaenicophaeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus curvirostris</i> (as synonym: <i>Phaenicophaeus curvirostris</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Zanclostomus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx fugax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hierococcyx vagans</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis sonneratii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cacomantis merulinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysococcyx</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cuculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cuculus micropterus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhopodytes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhopodytes diardi</i> (as synonym: <i>Phaenicophaeus diardi</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Surniculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Surniculus lugubris</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinortha</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhinortha chlorophaea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Psittaciformes <br> -  -  -  -  -  Psittacidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Loriculus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Loriculus galgulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psittacula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psittacula longicauda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis baudii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hydrornis schwaneri</i> <br> -  -  -  Mammalia <br> -  -  -  -  Scandentia <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tupaiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tupaia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Artiodactyla <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cervidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rusa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rusa unicolor</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muntiacus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Muntiacus muntjak</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Tragulidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus kanchil</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Tragulus javanicus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Suidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sus barbatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Rodentia <br> -  -  -  -  -  Sciuridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Exilisciurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Exilisciurus exilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Muridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rattus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Primates <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lorisidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nycticebus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hylobatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylobates</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylobates muelleri</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cercopithecidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Presbytis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Presbytis rubicunda</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca sylvanus</i> (as synonym: <i>Simia inuus</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Macaca nemestrina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hominidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pongo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pongo pygmaeus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homo</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Homo sapiens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  Carnivora <br> -  -  -  -  -  Canidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  Felidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionailurus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Prionailurus bengalensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Viverridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Viverra</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Viverra tangalunga</i> <br> -  -  -  Amphibia <br> -  -  -  -  Anura <br> -  -  -  -  -  Rhacophoridae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philautus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Philautus hosii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kurixalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedates</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedates macrotis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedates otilophus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Polypedates leucomystax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctixalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Nyctixalus pictus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus harrissoni</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus nigropalmatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus nigropalmatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Ranidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Pulchrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Staurois</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Staurois guttatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Staurois latopalmatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Odorrana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Odorrana hosii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylarana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylarana erythraea</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hylarana picturata</i> (as synonym: <i>Pulchrana picturata</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meristogenys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meristogenys amoropalamus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Meristogenys orphnocnemis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Dicroglossidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fejervarya</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fejervarya limnocharis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Fejervarya limnocharis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnonectes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnonectes leporinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnonectes kuhlii</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnonectes finchi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Limnonectes palavanensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Megophryidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptobrachella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptolalax</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptolalax dringi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptolalax gracilis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptolalax fritinniens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptobrachium</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Leptobrachium abbotti</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megophrys</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megophrys nasuta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Megophrys nasuta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Hylidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litoria</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litoria infrafrenata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Litoria infrafrenata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Microhylidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhyla borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhyla</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Microhyla borneensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kalophrynus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kalophrynus meizon</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kaloula</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Kaloula baleata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chaperina</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Chaperina fusca</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Metaphrynella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Metaphrynella sundana</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Bufonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ansonia</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ansonia minuta</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ansonia longidigita</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ansonia hanitschi</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ansonia spinulifer</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ingerophrynus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ingerophrynus divergens</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phrynoidis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Phrynoidis juxtaspera</i> <br> -  -  -  Reptilia <br> -  -  -  -  Squamata <br> -  -  -  -  -  Scincidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eutropis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eutropis multifasciata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Eutropis multifasciata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sphenomorphus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Sphenomorphus sabanus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Agamidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bronchocela</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Bronchocela cristatella</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gonocephalus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gonocephalus bornensis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphaniotis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aphaniotis ornata</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Lamprophiidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psammodynastes</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Psammodynastes pulverulentus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Gekkonidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyrtodactylus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Cyrtodactylus consobrinus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemidactylus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Hemidactylus frenatus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gekko</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Gekko smithii</i> (as synonym: <i>Gekko smithi</i>)<br> -  -  -  -  -  Pareatidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplopeltura</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Aplopeltura boa</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  Natricidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xenochrophis</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Xenochrophis trianguligerus</i> <br> -  -  Arthropoda <br> -  -  -  Insecta <br> -  -  -  -  Hymenoptera <br> -  -  -  -  Hemiptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Cicadidae <br> -  -  -  Diplopoda <br> -  -  -  -  Polydesmida <br> -  -  -  -  -  Chelodesmidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Rhacophorus</i> <br></div><p></p>
Avian point count data from riparian corridors of protected areas in Marin County California
<p>The data set is a simplified version of avian point count data collected in Marin County, CA, USA between 1997 and 2019. Point count surveys (5 minutes) were conducted twice during the breeding season (May and June) along transects in riparian corridors within protected areas (Point Reyes National Seashore, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, Mount Tamalpais State Park, and Bolinas Lagoon Open Space Preserve). Data were collected by Point Blue Conservation Science biologists and were integrated into the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program. All individuals detected at any distance were recorded during the surveys, but this simplified data set only includes the observations analyzed for this publication, specifically detections (aurally and visually) within 50 meters of each point count station for each of the fourteen species selected for analysis.</p>
Viable counts of bacteria under various pH conditions at each time point
<p>Viable counts of pathogenic bacteria under various pH conditions at each time point</p>
Data from: Comparing the sampling performance of sound recorders versus point counts in bird surveys: a meta-analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Avian point count data from riparian corridors of protected areas in Marin County California
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Abundance of benthic sessile fauna associated with ARMS from the research" Evaluation of the use of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) for capturing the biological diversity of two coral reefs in the Yucatán Península, México " using the point intersection method (400 points per plate on each side) with the CPCe v4.1 soft-ware (Coral Point Count with Excel extension v4.1)
<p><strong>*Corresponding autor: </strong>edlinguerra@gmail.com</p> <p>This database contains information on the abundance of benthic sessile fauna associated with ARMS from the research “Evaluation of the use of Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) to estimate cryptic diversity in two coral reefs of the Yucatan Península, México” using the point intersection method (400 points per plate on each side) with the CPCe v4.1 soft-ware (Coral Point Count with Excel extension v4.1) to analyze </p> <p>Krebs, C.J. Estimating Density: Quadrats Counts. In <em>Ecological Methodology</em>; Addison-Wesley Educational Publishers, Inc., 1999; p. 69 ISBN 0321021738</p> <p>Kohler, K.; Gill, S. Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe): A Visual Basic program for the determination of coral and substrate coverage using random point count methodology. <em>Comput. Geosci.</em> <strong>2006</strong>, <em>32</em>, 1259–1269</p> <div> <p><span lang="EN-US">was produced in collaboration with the Biodiversidad Marina de Yucatán project. </span><a href="https://www.bdmy.org.mx/carteles-publicaciones/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.bdmy.org.mx/,</a> Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies and Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores</p> </div>
Effectiveness of Point of Care Complete Blood Cell Count Analyzer in Reducing Time to Results
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04769336. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Validating a New Point-of-care Device for Estimation of Blood Count in Pregnant Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05012202. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
FIGURE 2 in Recommendations For Monitoring Avian Populations With Point Counts: A Case Study In Southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2: Monthly mean climate measurements at Caetetus Ecological Station (T: temperature and R: rainfall) and monthly total counts of species richness and numbers of individuals in a semideciduous forest remnant in São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. Black circles represent number of species and white circles represent number of individuals.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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