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98 results for “resource selection”
Moose selection for resource stoichiometry
<ol> <li>Herbivores consider the variation of forage qualities (nutritional content and digestibility) as well as quantities (biomass) when foraging. Such selection patterns may change based on the scale of foraging, particularly in the case of ungulates that forage at many scales.</li> <li>To test selection for quality and quantity in free-ranging herbivores across scales, however, we must first develop landscape-wide quantitative estimates of both forage quantity and quality. Stoichiometric distribution models (StDMs) bring opportunity to address this because they predict the elemental measures and stoichiometry of resources at landscape extents.</li> <li>Here, we use StDMs to predict elemental measures of understory white birch quality (% nitrogen) and quantity (g carbon/m<sup>2</sup>) across two boreal landscapes. We analyzed GPS collared moose (n = 14) selection for forage quantity and quality at the landscape, home range, and patch extents using both individual and pooled resource selection analyses. We predicted that as the scale of resource selection decreased from the landscape to the patch, selection for white birch quantity would decrease and selection for quality would increase.</li> <li>Counter to our prediction, pooled-models showed selection for our estimates of quantity and quality to be neutral with low explanatory power and no scalar trends. At the individual-level, however, we found evidence for quality and quantity trade-offs, most notably at the home range scale where resource selection models explain the largest amount of variation in selection. Furthermore, individuals did not follow the same trade-off tactic, with some preferring forage quantity over quality and vice-versa.</li> <li>Such individual trade-offs show that moose may be flexible in attaining a limiting nutrient. Our findings suggest that herbivores may respond to forage elemental compositions and quantities, giving tools like StDMs merit towards animal ecology applications. The integration of StDMs and animal movement data represents a promising avenue for progress in the field of zoogeochemistry.</li> </ol>
Natural selection favours drought escape and an acquisitive resource‐use strategy in semi‐arid Mediterranean shrubs
<ol> <li>Natural selection is the major force driving adaptive evolution in natural populations, varying in strength, direction, and form through space and time, especially in highly variable environments such as Mediterranean ecosystems. Although a conservative resource-use strategy has been hypothesized to be adaptive in Mediterranean taxa, patterns of selection at the intraspecific level, i.e., the suite of traits determining individual fitness, are largely unknown.</li> <li>Using a phenotypic selection experiment in natural semiarid conditions, we measured direct and indirect selection acting through two different fitness components (survival and reproduction), to assess the adaptive value of 20 ecophysiological traits on individuals of two gypsum endemic species, <em>Centaurea</em> <em>hyssopifolia</em> and <em>Helianthemum</em> <em>squamatum</em>, dwelling in environments with contrasting abiotic conditions (south- and north-facing slopes) during two climatically contrasting years (dry and mesic). This allowed quantifying the magnitude and direction of natural selection at different spatiotemporal scales.</li> <li>Our results revealed that different abiotic conditions did not alter selection patterns, being the magnitude of selection more strongly affected by temporal environmental variation. Selection through reproduction indicated consistent selection for early phenology, low water use efficiency, high specific leaf area, low leaf dry matter content, and high leaf N across slopes and years in both species. In contrast, phenotypic trait variation was not linked to survival in either species. Furthermore, while individual reproductive output was higher or similar in environments with higher abiotic stress in both species and years, survival was similar across environmental conditions, and it was neither affected by plant size nor reproductive output.</li> <li>Contrary to our expectations, natural selection via reproductive fitness consistently favoured a drought-escape, acquisitive resource-use strategy in Mediterranean semiarid plants, rather than a conservative resource-use strategy, even under conditions of higher abiotic stress (i.e., south slopes and dry year). Such acquisitive strategy could allow rapid development by maximizing resource assimilation and reproduction before the most limiting climatic conditions of mid-late summer. Our results shed light on adaptive functional strategies of Mediterranean taxa at the intraspecific level, providing insight on future responses to environmental change, and highlight remarkable differences in selection acting through different fitness components.</li> </ol>
Data from: Resource acquisition and pre-copulatory sexual selection
<p>Sexual selection influences the evolution of phenotypic traits and contributes to patterns of biodiversity. In many animals, mating involves sequential steps. Often, individuals must secure resources that are essential for mating (nests, territories, food), and then after securing a resource, individuals engage in competition for access to limited opposite-sex mates and gametes. A large body of empirical research and some verbal models have illustrated that resource acquisition can influence sexual selection. In general, though, we lack <em>a priori</em> predictions of when and how resource acquisition will influence sexual selection. Here, we use a mathematical framework to explore the link between resource acquisition and sexual selection on an advantageous mate-acquisition trait across biologically relevant trade-off scenarios. Our findings provide a set of testable predictions of how resource acquisition can influence sexual selection on mating traits. In general, selection on mate-acquisition traits is expected to be heavily influenced by: 1) the episode of selection considered, and in particular, whether one considers selection associated with the mating pool only or selection associated with both the mating pool and pre-mating pool; 2) whether resource-acquisition and mate-acquisition traits are positively associated or whether they trade off; and 3) the proportion of males with the resource- and mate-acquisition traits.</p>
Efficient Real-Time Selective Genome Sequencing on Resource-Constrained Devices
<p>This dataset contains the curated nanopore raw signal data in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-021-01147-4">BLOW5 format </a>used to benchmark <a href="https://github.com/beebdev/HARU/">Hardware Accelerated Read Until (HARU)</a>. This dataset was created by using the publicly available datasets: <a href="https://community.artic.network/t/links-to-raw-fast5-fastq-data-for-artic-protocol/17">SARS-CoV-2 SP1</a> (1.382M reads) and <a href="https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/SRX11368475">NA12878 PromethION subset</a> (500,000 reads). The tarball when extracted will have the following directory structure:</p> <p>haru-data<br> ├── na12878-rfc1<br> │ ├── blow5-rawsignal<br> │ │ ├── na12878_dna_0.blow5<br> │ │ ├── na12878_dna_100.blow5<br> │ │ ├── na12878_dna_101.blow5<br> │ │ ├── na12878_dna_102.blow5<br> │ │ ├── ...<br> │ └── reference<br> │ └── rfc1.fa<br> └── SARS-CoV-2-sp1<br> ├── blow5-rawsignal<br> │ ├── readgroup0<br> │ │ ├── reads_0_0.blow5<br> │ │ ├── reads_0_10.blow5<br> │ │ ├── reads_0_11.blow5<br> │ │ ├── reads_0_12.blow5<br> │ │ ├── ...<br> │ └── readgroup1<br> │ ├── reads_1_0.blow5<br> │ ├── reads_1_10.blow5<br> │ ├── reads_1_11.blow5<br> │ ├── ....<br> └── reference<br> └── nCoV-2019.reference.fasta</p> <p>nCoV-2019.reference.fasta is the SARS-CoV-2 MN908947.3 reference genome. rfc1.fa is the genomic region hr4:39262456-39391375 extracted from hg38 human genome. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset of bioassays about resource selection in N. corniger
<p>Dataset of bioassays conducted with <em>Nasutitermes corniger</em> to test the effect of food resource and alarm signal on resource selesction. </p>
Resource selection by New York City deer reveals the effective interface between wildlife, zoonotic hazards, and humans
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Although the role of host movement in shaping infectious disease dynamics is widely acknowledged, methodological separation between animal movement and disease ecology has prevented researchers from leveraging empirical insights from movement data to advance landscape scale understanding of infectious disease risk. To address this knowledge gap, we examine how movement behavior and resource utilization by white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus</em>) determines blacklegged tick (<em>Ixodes scapularis</em>) distribution, which depend on deer for dispersal in a highly fragmented New York City borough. Multi-scale hierarchical resource selection analysis and movement modeling provide insight into how deer's movements contribute to the risk landscape for human exposure to the Lyme disease vector–<em>I. scapularis</em>. We find deer select highly vegetated and accessible residential properties which support blacklegged tick survival. We conclude the distribution of tick-borne disease risk results from individual resource selection by deer across spatial scales in response to habitat fragmentation and anthropogenic disturbances.</span></p>
Data from: Industry needs matter – incorporating stakeholder interests in the selection of flower resources to support pollinators
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Moose selection for resource stoichiometry
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Data from: Non-brooding northern bobwhite resource selection during breeding season in a managed longleaf pine ecosystem
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Data from: Resource acquisition and pre-copulatory sexual selection
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Resource selection and survival of plains sharp-tailed grouse at a wind energy facility
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Resource selection by New York City deer reveals the effective interface between wildlife, zoonotic hazards, and humans
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Natural selection favours drought escape and an acquisitive resource‐use strategy in semi‐arid Mediterranean shrubs
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Trophic selectivity in aquatic isopods increases with the availability of resources
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Data from: Mallard resource selection trade‐offs in a heterogeneous environment during autumn and winter
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Data from: Hierarchy in structuring of resource selection: Understanding elk selection across space, time, and movement strategies
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Datasets of "Whole genome sequencing of European autochthonous and commercial pig breeds provides selection signatures of adaptation of genetic resources to different breeding and production systems"
<p>Results of the F<sub>ST</sub> and H<sub>P</sub> analyses.</p>
Ruffed Grouse Resource Selection Function and Survival Datasets
<p>For overwintering species, individuals' ability to find refugia from inclement weather and predators likely confers strong fitness benefits. How animals use their environment can be mediated by their personality (e.g., risk-taking), but does personality mediate how overwintering species select refugia? Snow cover is a dynamic winter characteristic that can influence crypsis or provide below-the-snow refugia. We explored how wintering ruffed grouse (<i>Bonasa umbellus</i>) selected snow roosting sites, a behavior that reduces stress and cold exposure. We linked selection for ~700 roosts with survival of 42 grouse, and showed that grouse generally selected deeper snow and warmer areas. Grouse found in shallow snow were less likely to survive winter. However, individuals with personalities for selecting deep snow improved their survival, suggesting that demographic consequences of selecting winter refugia are mediated by differences in personality<i>.</i> Our study provides a crucial, and seldom addressed, link between personality in resource selection and resulting demographic consequences.</p>
Habitat deterioration relaxes resource competition and sexual selection in the threespine stickleback
The operation of sexual selection depends on ecological conditions. Thus, changes in environmental conditions because of human activities can alter the strength and direction of sexual selection, with implications for evolutionary trajectories and the viability of populations. We show that aquatic algal blooms can relax the operation of sexual selection by influencing which males are available to attract females. This is by influencing the ability of males to maintain a resource needed in mate attraction. When we exposed two competing threespine stickleback males (Gasterosteus aculeatus), whose attractiveness to females was known, to either clear or algal-turbid water, nest abandonment was more common in clear water, and it was usually the unattractive male that abandoned his nest. In turbid water, on the other hand, nest abandonments were less common and when they occurred, the probability increased that the attractive male abandoned his nest, and that the unattractive male subsequently occupied it. This change in the composition of nesting males increased the mating success of unattractive males. Thus, our results reveal a new mechanism through which habitat deterioration can influence sexual selection, by altering success in the competition for a resource critical in mate attraction, a territory with a nest in this case. This could be a common mechanism, considering the prevalence of resource competition in mate choice systems. On a broader level, our results emphasise the importance of considering the impact of environmental changes on the outcome of resource competition when investigating the influence that environmental disturbances have on the operation of sexual selection and thereby on evolutionary processes and population dynamics.
Raw data from: Consumer-resource interactions along urbanization gradients drive natural selection
<p>Urbanization is an important component of global change. Urbanization affects species interactions, but the evolutionary implications are rarely studied. We investigate the evolutionary consequences of a common pattern: the loss of high trophic-level species in urban areas. Using a gall-forming fly, Eurosta solidaginis, and its natural enemies that select for opposite gall sizes, we test for patterns of enemy loss, selection, and local adaptation along five urbanization gradients. Eurosta declined in urban areas, as did predation by birds, which preferentially consume gallmakers that induce large galls. These declines were linked to changes in habitat availability, namely reduced forest cover in urban areas. Conversely, a parasitoid which attacks gallmakers that induce small galls was unaffected by urbanization. Changes in patterns of attack by birds and parasitoids resulted in stronger directional selection, but loss of stabilizing selection in urban areas, a pattern which we suggest may be general. Despite divergent selective regimes, gall size did not very systematically with urbanization, suggesting but not conclusively demonstrating that environmental differences, gene flow, or drift, may have prevented the adaptive divergence of phenotypes. We argue that the evolutionary effects of urbanization will have predictable consequences for patterns of species interactions and natural selection.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.