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213 results for “seed beetles”
Parasitoids of leaf herbivores enhance plant fitness and do not alter caterpillar-induced resistance against seed beetles
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Data from: Selection for late reproduction leads to loss of complex I mitochondrial capacity and associated increased longevity in seed beetles
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Seeds go up and down: The role of dung beetles in soil seed movement in the Southern Atlantic Forest of Argentina
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Enhancing the usefulness of artificial seeds in seed beetle model systems research
<p>Seed beetles are among textbook examples of experimental model systems used to better understand nature's complexities. A potential seed beetle model systems strength is the use of artificial seeds to remove experimental confounds. This is particularly relevant for scaling life histories to population dynamics but requires many artificial seeds. Current methods of producing seeds are laborious, limiting their application.</p> <p>Building on previous work, we developed efficient methods to produce artificial seeds and expand their use. We outline steps to produce artificial seeds and describe a new technique for transferring beetle eggs laid on natural seeds to artificial seeds. </p> <p>Our methods yielded a 100-fold increase in artificial seed production that is 80% more efficient than current methods. Burrowing success of beetle larvae from eggs laid on natural seeds and transferred to artificial seeds (85.4%) was comparable to rates on natural seeds. </p> <p>Streamlining artificial seed production enables highly replicated life-history and time-series assays with large sample sizes. The ability to transfer eggs from natural to artificial seeds allows research on many phenomena including oviposition strategies, maternal provisioning, and competitive strategies, broadening the usefulness of seed beetle model systems in ecological and evolutionary research. </p>
Data from: The value of trophic interactions for ecosystem function: dung beetle communities influence seed burial and seedling recruitment in tropical forests
Anthropogenic activities are causing species extinctions, raising concerns about the consequences of changing biological communities for ecosystem functioning. To address this, we investigated how dung beetle communities influence seed burial and seedling recruitment in the Brazilian Amazon. First, we conducted a burial and retrieval experiment using seed mimics. We found that dung beetle biomass had a stronger positive effect on the burial of large than small beads, suggesting that anthropogenic reductions in large-bodied beetles will have the greatest effect on the secondary dispersal of large-seeded plant species. Second, we established mesocosm experiments in which dung beetle communities buried Myrciaria dubia seeds to examine plant emergence and survival. Contrary to expectations, we found that beetle diversity and biomass negatively influenced seedling emergence, but positively affected the survival of seedlings that emerged. Finally, we conducted germination trials to establish the optimum burial depth of experimental seeds, revealing a negative relationship between burial depth and seedling emergence success. Our results provide novel evidence that seed burial by dung beetles may be detrimental for the emergence of some seed species. However, we also detected positive impacts of beetle activity on seedling recruitment, which are probably because of their influence on soil properties. Overall, this study provides new evidence that anthropogenic impacts on dung beetle communities could influence the structure of tropical forests; in particular, their capacity to regenerate and continue to provide valuable functions and services.
Data from: Condition dependence of male and female genital structures in the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Theory predicts that costly secondary sexual traits will evolve heightened condition dependence, and many studies have reported strong condition dependence of signal and weapon traits in a variety of species. However, although genital structures often play key roles in intersexual interactions and appear to be subject to sexual or sexually antagonistic selection, few studies have examined the condition dependence of genital structures, especially in both sexes simultaneously. We investigated the responses of male and female genital structures to manipulation of larval diet quality (new versus once-used mung beans) in the bruchid seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus. We quantified effects on mean relative size and static allometry of the male aedeagus, aedeagal spines, flap and paramere and the female reproductive tract and bursal spines. None of the male traits showed a significant effect of diet quality. In females, we found that longer bursal spines (relative to body size) were expressed on low-quality diet. Although the function of bursal spines is poorly understood, we suggest that greater bursal spine length in low-condition females may represent a sexually antagonistic adaptation. Overall, we found no evidence that genital traits in C. maculatus are expressed to a greater extent when nutrients are more abundant. This suggests that, even though some genital traits appear to function as secondary sexual traits, genital traits do not exhibit heightened condition dependence in this species. We discuss possible reasons for this finding.
FIGURES 47–54. Sennius leucostauros. 47 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 47–54. Sennius leucostauros. 47, dorsal view; 48, lateral view; 49, head, frontal view; 50, pygidium; 51, part of hind leg, internal view; 52, hind tibia, external view; 53, 54 male genitalia: 53, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 54, tegmen.
FIGURES 9–12. Sennius bondari. 9 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 9–12. Sennius bondari. 9, dorsal view; 10, pygidium; 11, 12 male genitalia: 11, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified of internal sac; 12, tegmen.
FIGURES 13–20. Sennius durangensis. 13 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 13–20. Sennius durangensis. 13, dorsal view; 14, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, pygidium; 17, part of hind leg, internal view; 18, hind tibia, external view; 19,20 male genitalia: 19, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 20, tegmen.
FIGURES 83–91. Sennius transversesignatus. 83 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 83–91. Sennius transversesignatus. 83, dorsal view; 84, lateral view; 85, head, frontal view; 86, pygidium; 87, base of elytra strial; 88, part of hind leg, internal view; 89, hind tibia, external view; 90, 91 male genitalia: 90, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 91, tegmen.
FIGURES 75–82. Sennius rufomaculatus. 75 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 75–82. Sennius rufomaculatus. 75, dorsal view; 76, lateral view; 77, head, frontal view; 78, pygidium; 79, part of hind leg, internal view; 80, hind tibia, external view; 81, 82 male genitalia: 81, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 82, tegmen.
FIGURES 38–46. Sennius lebasi. 38 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 38–46. Sennius lebasi. 38, dorsal view; 39, lateral view; 40, head, frontal view; 41, pygidium; 42, base of elytra strial; 43, part of hind leg, internal view; 44, hind tibia, external view; 45, 46 male genitalia: 45, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 46, tegmen.
FIGURES 1–8. Sennius abbreviatus. 1 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 1–8. Sennius abbreviatus. 1, dorsal view; 2, lateral view; 3, head, frontal view; 4, pygidium; 5, part of hind leg, internal view; 6, hind tibia, external view; 7, 8, male genitalia: 7, median lobe with hinge sclerites (HE), others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes (LBL) of internal sac; 8, tegmen. AR: apical region; SMR: submedian region; SBR: subbasal region; BR: basal region.
FIGURES 100–107 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 100–107. Sennius vivi sp. nov. 100, dorsal view; 101, lateral view; 102, head, frontal view; 103, pygidium; 104, part of hind leg, internal view; 105, hind tibia, external view; 106, 107 male genitalia: 106, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 107, tegmen.
FIGURES 92–99. Sennius trinotaticollis. 92 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 92–99. Sennius trinotaticollis. 92, dorsal view; 93, lateral view; 94, head, frontal view; 95, pygidium; 96, part of hind leg, internal view; 97, hind tibia, external view; 98, 99 male genitalia: 98, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 99, tegmen.
FIGURES 29–37. Sennius lawrencei. 29 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 29–37. Sennius lawrencei. 29, dorsal view; 30, lateral view; 31, head, frontal view; 32, pygidium; 33, base of elytra strial; 34, part of hind leg, internal view; 35, hind tibia, external view; 36, 37 male genitalia: 36, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 37, tegmen.
FIGURES 21–28 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 21–28. Sennius flinte sp. nov. 21, dorsal view; 22, lateral view; 23, head, frontal view; 24, pygidium; 25, part of hind leg, internal view; 26, hind tibia, external view; 27, 28 male genitalia: 27, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 28, tegmen.
FIGURES 63–71. Sennius medialis. 63 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 63–71. Sennius medialis. 63, dorsal view; 64, lateral view; 65, head, frontal view; 66, pygidium; 67, base of elytra strial; 68, part of hind leg, internal view; 69, hind tibia, external view; 70, 71 male genitalia: 70, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 71, tegmen.
FIGURES 55–62. Sennius lojaensis. 55 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 55–62. Sennius lojaensis. 55, dorsal view; 56, lateral view; 57, head, frontal view; 58, pygidium; 59, part of hind leg, internal view; 60, hind tibia, external view; 61, 62 male genitalia: 61, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 62, tegmen.
FIGURES 72–74. Sennius nappi. 72 in Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations
FIGURES 72–74. Sennius nappi. 72, dorsal view; 73, 74 male genitalia: 73, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified of internal sac; 74, tegmen.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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