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McMurdo Dry Valleys Diurnal Effects on Soil Biota

Investigation of the effect of short-term variation in soil moisture and soil temperature Â on nematode anhydrobiosis as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. The percent of anhydrobiotic nematodes with relation to soil moisture and temperature was determined. Â Â The study began at 0930 on 22 December 1997 and ended on 23 December 1997. The samples were taken at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hrs.Â

McMurdo Dry Valleys Seasonal Effects on Soil Biota

Investigation of the effect of long-term variation in soil moisture and soil temperature on nematode anhydrobiosis as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. The percent of anhydrobiotic (coiled) nematodes with relation to season was determined. Â The study took place on three separate dates during the 1997-1998 austral summer: 21 November 1997, 16 December 1997, and 13 January 1998, samples were gathered at the south side of the Lake Hoare

McMurdo Dry Valleys Soil Properties Effects on Soil Biota

Investigation of the effect of short-term variation in soil moisture and soil temperature on nematode anhydrobiosis as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. The percent of anhydrobiotic (coiled) nematodes with relation to soil moisture, temperature, and salinity was determined. The study began in the austral summer of 1996/1997.

McMurdo Dry Valleys Soil Wetting Effects on Soil Biota

Investigation of the effect of short-term variation in soil moisture and soil temperature on nematode anhydrobiosis as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. Â The percent of anhydrobiotic (coiled) nematodes with relation to soil moisture, temperature, and salinity was determined. Â Samples were collected in the south side of the Lake Hoare. Â Â The study began at 1030 on 10 December 1997 and ended on 11 December 1997. The samples were taken at 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hrs. Â

McMurdo Dry Valleys Habitat Suitability - Soil Biota

Investigation of the variation in soil biota and soil properties across the McMurdo Dry Valleys as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. The identification and abundance of soil biota are reported.

McMurdo Dry Valleys Stream Transects - Soil Biota

Investigation of the effect of hydrological and biogeochemical linkages in the transition zone between streams and surrounding soils on invertebrate community structure as part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project. The invertebrate community structure with relation to soil moisture, salinity, and chlorophyll-a was determined. The study took place on 28 November 1997 and 31 December 1997.

McMurdo Dry Valleys Airborn Sediment Traps / Aeolian Distribution of Soil Biota

Dispersal of soil organisms is crucial for their spatial distribution and adaptation to the prevailing conditions of the Antarctic Dry Valleys. This study investigate the possibility of wind dispersal of soil invertebrates within the dry valleys. Soil invertebrates were evaluated in wind-transported dust particles in collection pans (Bundt pans) 100 cm above the soil surface. Three species of nematode were recovered and Scottnema lindsayae was the most dominant. There were more juveniles (71%) in the transported sediments than adults (29%). The abundance of immobile (dead) nematodes in the Bundt pans was three times higher than active (live) nematodes. Anhydrobiosis constitutes a survival mechanism that allows wind dispersal of nematodes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Community-level interactions between plants and soil biota during range expansion

1. Plant species that expand their range in response to current climate change will encounter soil communities that may hinder, allow, or even facilitate plant performance. It has been shown repeatedly for plant species originating from other continents that these plants are less hampered by soil communities from the new than from the original range. However, information about the interactions between intra-continental range expanders and soil communities is sparse, especially at community level. 2. Here we used a plant-soil feedback experiment approach to examine if the interactions between range expanders and soil communities change during range expansion. We grew communities of range-expanding and native plant species with soil communities originating from the original and new range of range expanders. We determined the composition of fungi, bacteria and nematodes in these conditioned soils by high-throughput amplicon sequencing of the ITS region and the 16S rRNA gene and using morphological methods, respectively. Then we tested how these soil communities influence the growth of subsequent communities of range expanders and natives. 3. We found that after the conditioning phase soil bacterial, fungal and nematode communities differed by origin and by conditioning plant communities. Despite differences in bacterial, fungal and nematode communities between original and new range, soil origin did not influence the biomass production of plant communities. Both native and range expanding plant communities produced most aboveground biomass in soils that were conditioned by plant communities distantly related to them. 4. Synthesis. We conclude that communities of range-expanding plant species shape specific soil communities in both original and new range soil. Plant-soil interactions of range expanders in communities can be similar to the ones of their closely related native plant species.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships contribute to the invasion exotic range expansion of Verbascum thapsus

<ol> <li>Exotic plant species can evolve adaptations to environmental conditions in the exotic range. Furthermore, soil biota can foster exotic spread in the absence of negative soil pathogen-plant interactions or because of increased positive soil biota-plant feedbacks in the exotic range. Little is known, however, about the evolutionary dimension of plant-soil biota interactions when comparing native and introduced ranges.</li> <li>To assess the role of soil microbes for rapid evolution in plant invasion, we subjected Verbascum thapsus, a species native to Europe, to a reciprocal transplant experiment with soil and seed material originating from Germany (native) and New Zealand (exotic). Soil samples were treated with biocides to distinguish between effects of soil fungi and bacteria. Seedlings from each of five native and exotic populations were transplanted into soil biota communities originating from all populations and subjected to treatments of soil biota reduction: application of (i) fungicide, (ii) biocide, (iii) a combination of the two and (iv) control. </li> <li>For most of the investigated traits, native populations showed higher performance than exotic populations; there was no effect of soil biota origin. However, plants developed longer leaves and larger rosettes when treated with their respective home soil communities, indicating that native and exotic plant populations differed in their interaction with soil biota origin. The absence of fungi and bacteria resulted in a higher specific root length, suggesting that V. thapsus may compensate the absence of mutualistic microbes by increasing its root-soil surface contact. </li> <li>Synthesis. Introduced plants can evolve adaptations to soil biota in their new distribution range. This demonstrates the importance of biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships and suggests that future studies addressing evolutionary divergence should account for differential effects of soil biota from the home and exotic range on native and exotic populations of successful plant invaders. </li> </ol>

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Soil biota diversity and plant diversity both contributed to ecosystem stability in grasslands

Understanding the effects of diversity on ecosystem stability in the context of global change has become an important goal of recent ecological research. However, the effects of diversity at multiple scales and trophic levels on ecosystem stability across environmental gradients remain unclear. Here, we conducted a field survey of α-, β-, and γ-diversity of plants and soil biota (bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) and estimated the temporal ecosystem stability of NDVI in 132 plots on the Mongolian Plateau. After climate and soil environmental variables were controlled for, both the α- and β-diversity of plants and soil biota (mainly via nematodes) together with precipitation explained most variation in ecosystem stability. These findings evidence that the diversity of both soil biota and plants contributes to ecosystem stability. Model predictions of the future effects of global changes on terrestrial ecosystem stability will require field observations of diversity of both plants and soil biota.

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Plant invasion and fertilizer addition alter soil biota and their functions: A global meta-analysis

Datasets used for meta-analysis on plant invasion and fertilizer addition effects on soil biota and their functions.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →