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159 results for “soil organic matter”
Daily water-column rates of sunlight absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summers of 2018 and 2022
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic. Daily rates of sunlight absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from the permafrost soil leachates over the water column depth of an arctic headwater stream were quantified.
WAT05 Soil organic matter response to thirty years of increased precipitation at Konza Prairie
This dataset contains carbon and nitrogen concentrations and stocks in total soil organic matter and its fractions from the Konza Prairie Irrigation Transect Experiment. The dataset also includes pyrogenic organic matter C and N, as well as microbial amino sugars and root quality measurements. Data are availble for irrigated and control plots. Total pyrogenic and unburned soil organic matter C and N are availble for both the upland and lowland positions at 0-5, 5-15, and 15-30cm depth increments. Fraction and root data are avaible at both landscape positions, but for only the 0-5cm and 5-15cm depths and 0-5 and 5-30cm depths, respectively. Amino sugar data are only available for the lowland plots for the 0-5 and 5-15cm depths.
Soil organic matter dynamics in the tabonuco forest, a plantation and a secondary forest in Guzman
In this project we try to find out the relationship between the primary production and the soil organic carbon fractions. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Long-term dynamics of soil organic matter and aboveground net primary production in a Chihuahuan Desert Grassland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1989-2014)
Drylands contain a third of the organic carbon stored in global soils; however, the long-term dynamics of soil organic carbon and soil organic matter (SOM) in drylands remain poorly understood relative to dynamics of the vegetation carbon pool. We examined long-term patterns in SOM against both climate and prescribed fire in a Chihuahuan Desert grassland in central New Mexico, USA. SOM was measured each spring and fall for 25 years (1989–2014) in unburned desert grassland and from 2003 to 2014 following a prescribed fire. SOM concentration from 0-20 cm depth did not show a clear long-term trend but fluctuated seasonally at both burned and unburned sites, ranging from a minimum of 0.9% to a maximum of 3.3%. SOM concentration declined nonlinearly in wet seasons and peaked in dry seasons. These results not only contrast with the positive relationships between aboveground net primary production and precipitation for this region, but also with previous reports of greater SOM in wetter sites across drylands globally, suggesting that space is not a good substitute for time in predicting the dynamics of dryland SOM. We suggest that declines in SOM in wet periods are caused by increased soil respiration, runoff, leaching, and soil erosion. In addition to tracking natural variability in climate, SOM concentration also decreased by 14% following prescribed fire, a response that magnified over time and has persisted for nearly a decade due to the slow recovery of primary production. Our results document the surprisingly dynamic nature of soil organic matter and its high sensitivity to climate and fire in this dryland ecosystem.
Soil organic matter and plant carbon allocated to nitrogen acquisition simulated by the FUN-BioCROP model
<p>This data package contains the model input, results, and validation data from Juice et al (citation below). The FUN-BioCROP model (Fixation and Uptake of Nitrogen- Bioenergy Carbon, Rhizosphere, Organisms, and Protection) advances the field of bioenergy modeling by integrating new empirical paradigms of the role of belowground processes in shaping coupled carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles. It was developed by modifying the FUN-CORPSE model (Fixation and Uptake of Nitrogen- Carbon, Organisms, Rhizosphere, and Protection in the Soil Environment, Sulman et al. 2017 Ecology Letters) for use in bioenergy systems by including mechanistic tillage, organic matter addition, nitrogen fertilization, harvest, and feedstock-specific parameters, and to be driven by DayCent plant productivity and biomass data.</p>
Supporting data for review article: The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral-Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait-Based Perspective
<p>Supporting data and code for review article: Sokol N.W., Whalen E.D., Kallenbach C., Pett-Ridge J., Georgiou K. The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral-Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait-Based Perspective. <em>Functional Ecology, </em>2022.</p> <p>We leveraged data from a global synthesis of soil fractionation measurements (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5987415). For this review article, we specifically focused on measurements of bulk and mineral-associated soil organic carbon concentrations (reported in units of gC/kg soil) and the proportion of bulk soil organic carbon that is mineral-associated (reported as a %). This subset also includes auxiliary data regarding climate and biome characteristics extracted from the synthesized papers; for more variables, see the original full dataset. Köppen-Geiger climate zones were extracted from a georeferenced global database (using R package 'kgc' v1.0.0.2) with site coordinates, where available. Three files are provided in this repository: (1) data file, (2) metadata file, and (3) code for manuscript figures and summary statistics.</p>
Dataset for "Contrasting Effects of Organic and Mineral Nitrogen Challenge the N-Mining Hypothesis for Soil Organic Matter Priming"
<p>Dataset for the article:</p> <p>Mason-Jones, K., Schmücker, N., Kuzyakov, Y. (2018) Contrasting Effects of Organic and Mineral Nitrogen Challenge the N-Mining Hypothesis for Soil Organic Matter Priming. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 124, 38-46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.05.024</p>
Seasonal controls override forest harvesting effects on the composition of dissolved organic matter mobilized from boreal forest soil organic horizons
<p>Dataset comprised of nutrient fluxes (DOC, TDN, NH4, TDN and SRP), optical parameters related to DOM composition (SUVA, spectral slopes and slope ratio), pH, and other nutrient and elemental ratios for passive pan lysimeters installed across terrestrial sites in Pynn's Brook, Newfoundland.</p>
Fungal traits associated with soil organic matter formation, Harvard Forest, Petersham MA, 2020-2023
Soil microbes are a major source of organic residues that accumulate as soil organic matter (SOM), the largest terrestrial reservoir of carbon on Earth. As such, there is growing interest in determining the microbial traits that drive SOM formation and stabilization; however, whether certain microbial traits consistently predict SOM accumulation across different functional pools (e.g., total vs. stable SOM) is unresolved. To address these uncertainties, we incubated individual species of fungi in SOM-free model soils, allowing us to directly relate the physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits of fungi to their SOM formation potentials. We find that the formation of different SOM functional pools is associated with distinct fungal traits, and that ‘multifunctional’ species with intermediate investment across this key grouping of traits (namely, carbon use efficiency, growth rate, turnover rate, and biomass protein and phenol contents) promote SOM formation, functional complexity, and stability. Our results highlight the limitations of categorical trait-based frameworks that describe binary (high/low) trade-offs between microbial traits, instead emphasizing the importance of synergies among microbial traits for the formation of functionally complex SOM.
Soil aggregate size distribution and particulate organic matter content from Arctic LTER moist acidic tundra nutrient addition plots, Toolik Field Station, Alaska, sampled July 2011.
Soil aggregate size distribution, aggregate carbon and nitrogen, and light fraction carbon were determined for mineral soils in moist acidic tundra. Soil was sampled in control, and N+P plots of the Arctic LTER Moist Acidic Tundra plots established in 1989 and 2006.
Soils Organic Matter: Biodiversity II: Effects of Plant Biodiversity on Population and Ecosystem
Biodiversity II (E120) is designed to determine how the number of plant species affects the dynamics of ecological processes at the population, community, and ecosystem levels. By experimentally manipulating the number of species and the kinds of species, the amount of plant growth and the change from year to year, that result can be examined. Plots are large (9m x 9m actively maintained) and well-replicated, allowing responses of plant pathogens, insect herbivores, seed predators, soil parameters, invasive plant species and other variables to also be studied. Plots were seeded in May 1994 to have 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 species, with roughly 30 replicates of each diversity level. The species composition of each plot was chosen by random draw from a pool of 18 grassland perennials that included four warm-season (C4) grasses, four cool-season (C3) grasses, four legumes, four non-legume forbs, and two woody species. All species occur in monoculture allowing comparison of responses of each species in monoculture to combinations of these same species. The experiment was established in 1994 by the lead investigators David Tilman, Peter Reich, Johannes Knops, and David Wedin. Experiment 120 is similar to Experiment 123, but it uses larger plots to provide a large capacity for long-term subexperiments.
Sorption of Colored vs Noncolored Organic Matter by Tidal Marsh Soils
<p>Supplemental Files for Biogeosciences article:<br>Sorption of Colored vs Noncolored Organic Matter by Tidal Marsh Soils<br>Patrick J Neale, J Patrick Megonigal, Maria Tzortziou, Elizabeth A Canuel, Christina R. Pondell, Hannah K. Morrissette</p> <p>Contents:</p> <p>Plots of measured DOC in incubation solutions vs absorption coefficient at 355 nm (a355), showing linear regression line and equation. Equation slope is the inverse of the specific absorbance of colored dissolved organic carbon (CDOC) and intercept is the background level of non-colored dissolved organic carbon (NCDOC). See table 1 of Neale et al. (2023) for listing of all slopes, intercepts and r2.</p> <p>Labels - KM - Kirkpatrick Marsh (GCREW)<br> JugBay - Jug Bay<br> Task - Taskinas Marsh<br> Wach - Wachapreague Marsh</p> <p>00, 10, 20, 35 - incubation salinities</p> <p>Pre - Pre-incubation - measurements on standard solutions at the start of the incubations<br>Post - Post-incubation - measurements on filtrate after the incubation</p> <p>V2 - Plots for Pre were updated. v1 plots were incorrect for Pre</p>
Soil health explains the yield-stabilizing effects of soil organic matter under drought
<p>Supporting data for Mahmood, S., Nunes, M.R., Kane, D.A., and Lin, Y. Soil health explains the yield-stabilizing effects of soil organic matter under drought. <i>Soil & Environmental Health</i>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100048</p><p>Meta-data are contained in files with names ending with 'metadata.' </p><ul><li>'all_data.csv' contains all the county-level data.</li><li>'yield_deficit.csv' contains the mean county-wise yield deficit data.</li></ul>
Data from: How does soil organic matter affect potato productivity on sandy soil?
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Water and soil chemistry and molecular composition data of dissolved organic matter from soils in the central Amazon rainforest, 2019-2021
This dataset was created based on sampling campaigns in the central Amazon rainforest. It covers four field sites in vicinity of the Amazon Tall Tower Oberservatory project (ATTO). The field sites are comprised of pristine, old-growth rainforest with distinct forest types: terra firme forest (Plateau and Terrace sites) and white-sand forest (Campina and Campinarana sites). Freely percolating soil porewater was sampled repeatedly in soil profiles from 0 to 30 cm in the wet seasons (October to May) of 2019, 2020 and 2021. Solid soil samples were taken in vicinity to the plots in October 2017. The datasets include chemical and texture (particle size fractions) and chemical (metals, cation exchange capacities and pH) data from soil samples. Soil porewater samples were measured for pH, electrical conductivity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. There are some missing values for these data, particularly for DOC concentrations. Soil porewater samples were used for solid-phase extraction of dissolved organic matter (DOM). The molecular composition was measured by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap Elite MS). The detected masses were used to assign molecular formulas. The data include the assigned molecular formulas and sum-normalized intensites of all samples. This data is associated with a Ph.D. dissertation chapter (Lange, 2025) and a journal article (Lange et al., accepted).
Response of humic acids and soil organic matter to vegetation replacement in subtropical high mountain forests
In this study, we used solid-state 13 C NMR spectroscopy, photometric analyses, and chemical fractionation to examine carbon (C) components and lability of SOM in a Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forest and moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation reforested on a cutover primary broadleaf forest in Taiwan. The data was collected in Feb 2014.
Inorganic nitrogen, microbial ecoenzymatic activities, and organic matter in soils collected from the Monsoon Rainfall Manipulation Experiment (MRME), Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico during the 2014 growing season
Drylands are characterized by a pulse dynamics framework in which episodic rain events trigger brief pulses of biological activity and resource availability that regulate primary production in these ecosystems. Relatively small rain events can stimulate microbial processes like decomposition that release inorganic nitrogen needed by plant processes, which typically also depend on soil moisture received from larger rain events. Little is known how changes in rainfall patterns may affect plant available nitrogen in dryland soils, particularly across temporal scales. Therefore, we conducted a study to examine the daily and seasonal responses of plant available nitrogen to rain events that differed in size and frequency throughout a summer monsoon in a northern Chihuahuan Desert grassland located in the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, USA. This data package, which accompanies an associated manuscript (Brown et al. 2022), contains measurements of inorganic nitrogen, nitrogen-acquiring microbial ecoenzymatic activities, and organic matter in soils collected from the Monsoon Rainfall Manipulation Experiment (MRME) during the 2014 summer growing season.
Plant and soil organic matter responses to ten years of nutrient enrichment in the Nutrient Network:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Marsh soil Organic Matter on Nine Marshes on the Virginia Coast, 2016-2019
Organic matter content in nine salt marshes along the Atlantic Coast of the Delmarva Peninsula was determined by collecting soil cores followed by loss-on-ignition techniques. Two soil cores were collected at randomly selected spots within each of the 2016-2019 elevation sampling grids.
Supplementary Data for "Organic matter preservation in ancient soils of Earth and Mars"
<p>Global compilation of organic carbon content (TOC) of paleosols (ancient soils) throughout the geological record on Earth.</p> <p> Pleistocene (1 Ma) to the Archean (3.7 Ga)!</p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.