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Figure 11 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 11 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. TEM. (A) Advanced spermatocyte separated with stroma cell (SC) from neighboring spermatocytes. It shows a spongy layer (SpL) and empty spaces in peripheral cytoplasm in which many mitochondrial derivatives (md) are present. Nuage material (asterisks) surrounds the nucleus (n) containing a small, compact nucleolus (nu). (B) Spermatid in an early stage of spermiogenesis embedded in stroma cell (SC). The nucleus is no longer visible and chromatin (Ch) forms fine threads surrounded by foci of electron-dense material (white arrows). Mitochondrial derivatives are multiform, either large with meandering cristae (md) or small and vesicular (black arrow). (C

Figure 10 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 10 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. TEM. (A) Spermatocyte more advanced than those in Figure 9B, embedded in stroma cell (SC). Note thicker spongy layer (SpL) covering the cell surface, large nucleus (n) and nuage material (asterisks). Peripheral cytoplasm contains many mitochondrial derivatives (md): they are roundish and possess one circular crista. A Golgi body (Gb) is present under the spongy layer neighboring spermatocyte (right bottom). (B) Peripheral parts of two spermatocytes separated by a stroma cell (SC). Compare the thickness

Figure 9 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 9 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. TEM. (A) Closer view of developing spermatogonium surrounded by a stroma cell (SC). Nucleus (n is roundish and contains a prominent nucleolus (nu). There are a number of ribosomes in the cytoplasm, as well as dispersed mitochondria (m

Figure 8 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 8 Chaetodactylus osmiaemale, two aspects (A,B) of germarium. TEM. (A) Early spermatogonia assembled in germarium adhere tightly to each other. They possess a large nucleus (n) with prominent, usually central nucleolus (nu) and mitochondria (m) dispersed in the cytoplasm. Nuage material (asterisks) is present in several sites around the nuclei. (B) Early spermatogonia in germarium show features as in (A), whereas developing spermatogonium separated from germarium (right upper corner) is larger, roundish and has a larger nucleus (n') with peripheral nucleolus (nu). Spaces between developing spermatogonium and germarium are filled with a somatic stroma cell (SC). Scale bars A – 2 μm, B – 5 μm.

Figure 7 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 7 Light micrographs of cross sections through idiosoma of Chaetodactylus osmiaemale at levels as indicated in Figure 6. Outlines of testes are marked. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: IV – leg IV; asterisk – germarium; a – anal slit; AG – male accessory gland; col – postcolon; DE – ejaculatory duct; OG – opisthonotal gland; LVD – left deferent duct.

Figure 6 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 6 Light microscopic images of Chaetodactylus osmiaemale. Male in ventral view (A) and the rear part of idiosoma (B). Scale bars:

Figure 4 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 4 Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale. TEM. (A) Advanced previtellogenic oocyte showing nucleus (n) with nucleolus (nu). The nuclear envelope has concavities in sites rich in pores, with adhering nuage material (asterisk). Mitochondria (m) are grouped around the nucleus. Another oocyte sectioned tangentially (po) is also present. In the stroma cell (SC), an arrow marks a conspicuous ER cisterna. (B) Enlarged fragment of the oocyte marked in (A): note nucleus (n), a Golgi body (Gb), nuage (asterisks) and mitochondria (m). Note the different appearance of nuage material which is not granular as in the nutritive cell and early oocytes (compare with 2B and 3A-B).. (C) A gap between a nutritive

Figure 5 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 5 Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale. TEM. (A) Vitellogenic oocyte in upper (forward-running) part of oviduct (Od), containing yolk spheres in subsequent stages of development (Y', Y'' and Y''') and lipid droplets (L) surrounded by glycogen. Lamellar vitelline envelope (VE) covers the surface of the oocyte. Inset: Higher magnification of vitelline envelope adhering to oviduct (Od). Vesicle delivering vitelline envelope material from Golgi body is indicated by an arrow. (B) More advanced vitellogenic oocyte covered with thin and homogeneous chorion (Ch) in the upper oviduct (Od). Yolk (Y) spheres of two types, larger and less dense and smaller and more dense, containing cristalline electron-lucid inclusions. Inset: Yolk sphere with electron-lucid inclusions and meandering structure (arrow). Scale bars: A,B – 5 μm, A inset

Figure 2 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 2 Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale, two aspects (A,B) of nutritive ovarian cell. TEM. Sections through multilobular nucleus (n) containing large nucleoli (nu). Cytoplasm filled with ribosomes also contains lipid droplets (L), many lysosomes (Ly), groups of mitochondria (m) and small vesicular Golgi bodies (Gb). Granular nuage material (asterisk) is usually present in concavities of the nuclear envelope. Scale bars: A –

Figure 3 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 3 Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale, two aspects (A, B) of the peripheral part of the nutritive ovarian cell. TEM. (A) Nutritive cell (NOC)

Figure 1 in Gonads and gametogenesis in Chaetodactylus osmiae (Acariformes: Astigmata: Chaetodactylidae) a parasite of solitary bees

Figure 1 Light microscopic images of a Chaetodactylus osmiaefemale. Female in dorsal view (A) and the rear part of the idiosoma (B) with marked position of ovaries (OV), nutritive ovarian cells (NOC), spermatheca (receptaculum seminis) (RS) and inseminatory canal (ic). C-F – Semithin cross sections of idiosoma marked approx. at levels on (A). Note the spherical shape of nutritive cells (NOC) and irregular, wrinkled outline of previtellogenic oocytes (po) (C, D). Early vitellogenic oocytes (vo') located in the backward running oviduct are spherical (D, E)

Figs. 16, 17 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Figs. 16, 17. Larval spiracle of Calliopsis z. bobbae. 16. SEM micrograph of spiracular peritreme with elevated rim of postdefecating form, external view. 17. Macrophotograph of entire spiracle of predefecating form, lateral view.

Figs. 19–21 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Figs. 19–21. SEM micrographs of Calliopsis z. bobbae. 19. Head of predefecating larva, frontal view. 20. Close-up of mouthparts of same, frontal view. 21. Close-up of right mandible, maxilla, and hypopharynx, frontolateral view, showing fine teeth along dorsal apical edge of mandible and spicules on dorsal surfaces of hypopharynx and maxilla.

Fig. 18 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Fig. 18. Diagram of head of mature larva of Calliopsis zebrata, lateral view; verrucosities of labiomaxillary region not depicted.

Figs. 8–9 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Figs. 8–9. Macrophotographs of preserved mature larvae, lateral view, of Calliopsis z. bobbae (left) and C. z. zebrata (right).

Figs. 4–7. 4 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Figs. 4–7. 4. Margaret collecting mating pairs of Calliopsis zebrata bobbae by hand at nesting site, the more-or-less barren surface in the foreground. 5. Close-up of nesting surface, with lower leaders pointing to some (among many) nest tumuli and upper leaders pointing to some (among many) food plants. 6. Close-up of flowering Astragalus humistratus. 7. Provision sphere.

Figs. 1–3. 1–2 in The Solitary Bee Calliopsis zebrata: Biological and Distributional Notes and Description of Its Larva (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae: Panurginae)

Figs. 1–3. 1–2. Macrophotograph of adult Calliopsis zebrata bobbae from Flagstaff, Arizona. 1. Dorsum of female, showing well-developed yellow maculations on mesoscutellum and metanotum. 2. Male metasomal showing paired yellow spots (leaders) on metasomal sternum 2. 3. Face of adult female of C. z. zebrata from Oklahoma showing dark clypeal marks, which on other specimens from same locality can be less or more extensive.