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178 results for “synergistic effect”
Synergistic effects of musking and autohemorrhaging on the duration of death feigning in dice snakes (Natrix tessellata)
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Synergistic impacts of co-occurring invasive grasses cause persistent effects in the soil-plant system after selective removal
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Ecosystem shifts and Cladocera responses in a freshwater lake in semi-arid regions: The successional synergistic effects of natural and human factors in the past 170 years
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Data from: Separate and synergistic anti-herbivore effects of non-glandular trichomes and leaf chemistry in a desert plant
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Multiple mutualism effects generate synergistic selection and strengthen fitness alignment in the interaction between legumes, rhizobia, and mycorrhizal fungi
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Data from: Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco
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Data from: Synergistic effects of nitrogen and CO2 enrichment on alpine grassland biomass and community structure
<p>Global environmental change is altering Earth's ecosystems. However, much research has focused on ecosystem-level responses, and we know substantially less about community-level responses to global change stressors.<br> <br> Here we conducted a 6-year field experiment in a high-altitude (4600 m above sea level) alpine grassland on the Tibetan Plateau to explore the effects of nitrogen (N) addition and rising atmospheric CO2 concentration on plant communities.<br> <br> Our results showed that N and CO2 enrichment had synergistic effects on alpine grassland communities. Adding nitrogen or CO2 alone did not alter total community biomass, species diversity, or community composition, whereas adding both resources together increased community biomass, reduced species diversity, and altered community composition. The observed decline in species diversity under simultaneous N and CO2 enrichment was associated with greater community biomass and lower soil water content, and driven by the loss of species characterized simultaneously by tall stature and small specific leaf area.<br> <br> Our findings point to the co-limitation of alpine plant community biomass and structure by nitrogen and CO2, emphasizing the need for future studies to consider multiple aspects of global environmental change together to gain a more complete understanding of their ecological consequences.</p>
Data from: Synergistic effects of fire and elephants on arboreal animals in an African savannah
1. Disturbance is a crucial determinant of animal abundance, distribution and community structure in many ecosystems, but the ways in which multiple disturbance types interact remain poorly understood. The effects of multiple-disturbance interactions can be additive, subadditive or super-additive (synergistic). Synergistic effects in particular can accelerate ecological change; thus, characterizing such synergies, the conditions under which they arise, and how long they persist has been identified as a major goal of ecology. 2. We factorially manipulated two principal sources of disturbance in African savannas, fire and elephants, and measured their independent and interactive effects on the numerically dominant vertebrate (the arboreal gekkonid lizard Lygodactylus keniensis) and invertebrate (a guild of symbiotic Acacia ants) animal species in a semi-arid Kenyan savanna. 3. Elephant exclusion alone (minus fire) had negligible effects on gecko density. Fire alone (minus elephants) had negligible effects on gecko density after 4 months, but increased gecko density twofold after 16 months, likely because the decay of fire-damaged woody biomass created refuges and nest sites for geckos. In the presence of elephants, fire increased gecko density nearly threefold within 4 months of the experimental burn; this occurred because fire increased the incidence of elephant damage to trees, which in turn improved microhabitat quality for geckos. However, this synergistic positive effect of fire and elephants attenuated over the ensuing year, such that only the main effect of fire was evident after 16 months. 4. Fire also altered the structure of symbiotic plant-ant assemblages occupying the dominant tree species (Acacia drepanolobium); this influenced gecko habitat selection but did not explain the synergistic effect of fire and elephants. However, fire-driven shifts in plant-ant occupancy may have indirectly mediated this effect by increasing trees' susceptibility to elephant damage. 5. Our findings confirm the importance of fire × elephant interactions in structuring arboreal wildlife populations. Where habitat modification by megaherbivores facilitates co-occurring species, fire may amplify these effects in the short term by increasing the frequency or intensity of herbivory, leading to synergy. In the longer term, tree mortality due to both top kill by fire and toppling by large herbivores may reduce overall microhabitat availability, eliminating the synergy.
Data from: Lethal and sublethal synergistic effects of a new systemic pesticide, flupyradifurone (Sivanto®) on honey bees
The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is an important pollinator and a model for pesticide effects on insect pollinators. The effects of agricultural pesticides on honey bee health have therefore raised concern. Bees can be exposed to multiple pesticides that may interact synergistically, amplifying their side-effects. Attention has focused on neonicotinoid pesticides, but flupyradifurone (FPF) is a novel butenolide insecticide that is also systemic and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist. We therefore tested the lethal and sublethal toxic effects of FPF over different seasons and worker types, and the interaction of FPF with a common SBI fungicide, propiconazole. We provide the first demonstration of adverse synergistic effects on bee survival and behaviour (poor coordination, hyperactivity, apathy) at field-realistic doses. Pesticide effects were significantly influenced by worker type and season. Foragers were consistently more susceptible to these pesticides (4-fold greater effect) than in-hive bees, and both worker types were more strongly affected by FPF in summer as compared to spring. Because risk assessment requires relatively limited tests that only marginally address bee behaviour and do not consider the influence of bee age and season, our results raise concerns about the safety of approved pesticides, including FPF. We suggest that pesticide risk assessment also test for common chemical mixture synergies on behaviour and survival.
Data from: Biparental care is more than the sum of its parts: experimental evidence for synergistic effects on offspring fitness
Despite an extensive body of theoretical and empirical literature on biparental cooperation, it is still unclear whether offspring fare equally, better, or worse when receiving care by two parents versus a single parent. Some models predict that parents should withhold the amount of care they provide due to sexual conflict, thereby shifting as much of the workload as possible to their partner. This conflict should lead to offspring faring worse with two parents. Yet, other models predict that when parents care for their offspring together, their individual contributions can have synergistic (more than additive) effects on offspring fitness. Under this scenario, biparental cooperation should lead to offspring faring better with two parents. We address this fundamental question using a unique experimental design where we compared offspring fitness when the two parents worked together (biparental treatment) and when the two parents worked separately (uniparental treatment), while keeping constant the amount of resources and number of offspring per parent across treatments. This made it possible to directly compare the biparental treatment to the sum of the male and female contributions in the uniparental treatment. Our main finding was that offspring grew larger and were more likely to survive to adulthood when reared by both parents than a single parent. This is the first empirical evidence for a synergistic effect of biparental cooperation on offspring fitness and could provide novel insights into the conditions favouring the evolution of biparental cooperation.
Supplementary tables for the paper: "Comprehensive computational analysis via Adverse Outcome Pathways and Aggregate Exposure Pathways in exploring synergistic effects from radon and tobacco smoke on lung cancer."
<p><strong>Authors</strong>:<br>Thomas Jaylet, Vinita Chauhan, Laura Mezquita, <em>Nadia Boroumand</em><em>, </em>Olivier Laurent, <em>Karine Elihn</em><em>, Lovisa Lundholm</em><em>, </em>Olivier Armant, Karine Audouze</p>
Synergistic effects of warming and internal nutrient loading interfere with the long-term stability of lake restoration and induce sudden re-eutrophication
<p><strong>This repository contains the dataset linked to the following publication:</strong></p> <p><strong>Article title: </strong>Synergistic effects of warming and internal nutrient loading interfere with the long-term stability of lake restoration and induce sudden re-eutrophication</p> <p><strong>Journal: </strong><em>Environmental Science & Technology</em></p> <p><strong>DOI</strong>: 10.1021/acs.est.2c07181</p> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Phosphorus (P) precipitation is among the most effective treatments to mitigate lake eutrophication. However, after a period of high effectiveness, studies have shown possible re-eutrophication and the return of harmful algal blooms. While such abrupt ecological changes were attributed to the internal P loading, the role of lake warming and its potential synergistic effects with internal loading, thus far, has been understudied. Here, in a eutrophic lake in central Germany, we quantified the driving mechanisms of the abrupt re-eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms in 2016 (30 years after the first P precipitation). A process-based lake ecosystem model (GOTM-WET) was established using a high-frequency monitoring dataset covering contrasting trophic states. Model analyses suggested that the internal P release accounted for 68% of the cyanobacterial biomass proliferation, while lake warming contributed to 32%, including direct effects via promoting growth (18%) and synergistic effects via intensifying internal P loading (14%). The model further showed that the synergy was attributed to prolonged lake hypolimnion warming and oxygen depletion. Our study unravels the substantial role of lake warming in promoting cyanobacterial blooms in re-eutrophicated lakes. The warming effects on cyanobacteria via promoting internal loading need more attention in lake management, particularly for urban lakes.</p> <p><strong>SYNOPSIS: </strong>Warming synergistically promotes re-eutrophication with internal nutrient loading and exacerbates cyanobacterial blooms in urban lakes 30 years after phosphorus mitigation.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data description </strong>by Xiangzhen Kong (<a href="mailto:xzkong@niglas.ac.cn">xzkong@niglas.ac.cn</a>), 2023-02-20</p> <p>---Wet chemical analysis on water samples taken at five depths (0.5, 2.5, 5.0, 7.0 and 9.0 m) from the deepest point in the lake (BA1) at biweekly intervals from 2018.5-2021.8.</p> <p> File name:</p> <ul> <li>BAB_BA1_TN_mgL.obs (total nitrogen concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_NH4_mgL.obs (ammonium nitrogen concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_NO3_mgL.obs (nitrate nitrogen concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_TP_mgL.obs (total phosphorus concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_SRP_mgL.obs (Soluble reactive phosphorus concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_DP_mgL.obs (dissolved P concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_DOC_mgL.obs (Dissolved organic carbon concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_Si_mgL.obs (dissolved silicon concentration)</li> <li>BAB_BA1_Chla_HPLC_DIN_mgL.obs (Chl-a concentration)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>---CTD probe profile data from the deepest point in the lake (BA1) from 2017.8 to 2021.8 at biweekly basis with approximately 0.1 m vertical resolution</p> <p> File name:</p> <ul> <li>t_prof_file_barleber_ctm644.obs (water temperature)</li> <li>oxy_prof_file_barleber_ctm644 (Dissolved oxygen)</li> <li>turb_prof_file_barleber_ctm644.obs (Turbidity)</li> <li>chla_prof_file_barleber_ctm644.obs (Chl-a concentration)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>---BBE probe profile data from the deepest point in the lake (BA1) from 2017.8 to 2021.8 at biweekly basis with approximately 0.1 m vertical resolution</p> <p> File name:</p> <ul> <li>totalChla_prof_file_barleber_FP2101.obs (Chl-a concentration)</li> <li>bluegreen_prof_file_barleber_FP2101.obs (Blue-green algae Chl-a concentration)</li> <li>green_prof_file_barleber_FP2101.obs (Green algae Chl-a concentration)</li> <li>diatom_prof_file_barleber_FP2101.obs (Diatom Chl-a concentration)</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Synergistic effects of canopy chemistry and autogenic soil biota on a global invader
<p><span>Soil biota have strong effects on plants, but we have a poor understanding of how plant chemistry might modify these effects. We examined the effect of soil biota associated with an exotic invasive tree, <em>Prosopis juliflora</em>, vs. that associated with native species, from seven sites across India on conspecifics and two other plant species. We then measured changes in species-specific soil biota effects (identified as plant-soil feedbacks, PSFs) when leaf leachate from <em>P. juliflora</em> or from native plant species was added to soil containing respective </span><span>live and sterile soil inoculum.</span></p> <p><span>We quantified the amino acid L-tryptophan from leaf leachate of <em>P. juliflora</em>, <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> (another invader), and two native species. We also tested effects of <em>P. juliflora</em> or native species soil inoculum amendment of tryptophan on <em>P. juliflora</em>, <em>P. cineraria,</em> and <em>L. leucocephala </em>across seven sites. We then quantified the microbially metabolized derivatives of tryptophan, phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and intermediates after adding tryptophan into <em>P. juliflora</em> and native soils.</span></p> <p><span>Soil biota associated with <em>P. juliflora</em> generated positive effects on conspecifics and <em>L. leucocephala</em>, but negative effects on the native congener <em>P. cineraria</em>. When <em>P. juliflora</em> leaf leachate was added to soil with live <em>P. juliflora</em> inoculum, PSFs became more positive for <em>P. juliflora </em>and other species, compared to leaf leachate-amended with sterile soil inoculum. </span><span>Native leaf leachate interacted weakly with soil biota to impact biomass of conspecifics and heterospecifics. </span></p> <p><span>There was roughly 10x more tryptophan in the </span><span>leaf leachate of <em>P. juliflora </em>than in the leaf leachate of other species. Tryptophan generally increased positive PSFs associated with <em>P. juliflora </em>relative to soil biota associated with other plant species. When tryptophan was added to live <em>P. juliflora</em> soil, IAA and its intermediates were produced at five of seven sites, and at four of these sites soil biota from <em>P. juliflora</em> had positive PSFs. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Synthesis</strong>. These results provide the first experimental evidence that a chemical leached from the leaves of an invader regulates PSFs. Our results indicate that canopy effects and PSFs, which are usually studied independently, can interact in ways that strongly affect conspecifics and neighbouring species.</span></p>
Synergistic Effect Of Parenteral Diclofenac And Paracetamol In The Pain Management Of Acute Limb Injuries
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04199572. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 19.
Synergistic Effect of Combination Therapy With Cilostazol and Probucol on Plaque Stabilization and Lesion Regression: Serial Intravascular Ultrasound and Virtual Histology Study(SECURE Study)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01031667. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Synergistic Effects of Natural Oils and Herbal Extracts on Cholesterol Gallstone Dissolution: In Vitro Comparison With Rowachol®
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06972134. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
The Acute, Synergistic Effects of Protein and Calcium on Appetite and Energy Intake
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01986036. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Synergistic Effects of PD-1 Antibody and Chemotherapy/Targeted Therapy Followed by Surgery-centric Local Treatment in Patients With Limited-metastatic Gastric Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06468280. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Synergistic Effect of G-Eye Balloon for Behind the Folds Visualization With CADe (Discovery System) on Adenoma Detection Rate.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05220345. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Tolerance and Potential Synergistic Effect of the Combination of Intranasal Esketamine and Non-selective MAOI
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05530668. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.