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39 results for “wing dimorphism”
Data from: The evolutionary genetics of acquisition and allocation in the wing dimorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus.
The evolutionary trajectories of trade-offs are ultimately governed by the evolution of the underlying physiological processes of the acquisition and subsequent allocation of resources. In this study, we focused directly on acquisition and allocation as traits and estimated their genetic architecture in the trade-off between flight capability and reproduction in the cricket, Gryllus firmus. To determine the evolutionary genetics of acquisition and allocation both within and between resource environments we performed a large-scale quantitative genetic breeding experiment in which families were split over several resource levels. Our findings were fourfold: 1) there was substantial genetic variance in acquisition and allocation; 2) contrary to the assumption of independence between acquisition and allocation, there was a significant genetic correlation between them; 3) the genetic covariance between acquisition and allocation was significantly different in the different food environments, 4) the trade-off, as measured by the genetic correlation between flight muscle mass and ovary mass, was only significant in the food restriction environments. However, when measured directly as the genetic correlation between reproductive allocation and flight allocation, we found a consistent strong negative genetic correlation, demonstrating that when allocation is measured independently of acquisition we find evidence for the trade-off.
Figure 7 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 7 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of TipuloideaANephrotoma ferruguina female BNephrotoma ferruguina male CNephrotoma macrocera female DNephrotoma macrocera male ENephrotoma virscens female FNephrotoma virscens male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figure 9 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 9 Images showing WIP on several species of crane fly in nature A male Tipula (Yamatotipula) aprilina Alexander, 1918 displaying WIP in nature B female Tipula (Yamatotipula) aprilina displaying WIP in nature C pair of Gnophomyia tristissima perched on a leaf in copula. Both flies are displaying their sexually dimorphic WIP. The female (bottom) has a blue WIP while the male (top) displays a green WIPD an individual of Elliptera clausa Osten Sacken, 1877 displaying a WIP with wings folded. Sex unknown. Copyright (A, B) 2021, photograph JK Gelhaus; (C) 2020, photograph Katja Schulz, used with permission by the artist and under a creative commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) with alterations limited to cropping and resizing of this image; (D) 2016, photograph JK Gelhaus. Images are not to scale.
Figure 6 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 6 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of TipuloideaABrachypremna dispellens female BBrachypremna dispellens male CHolorusia hespera female DHolorusia hespera male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B), 1.0 cm (C, D).
Figure 5 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 5 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of TipuloideaATricyphona inconstans inconstans female BTricyphona inconstans inconstans male CDolichopeza obscura female DDolichopeza obscura male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figure 4 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 4 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of TipuloideaADactylolabis cubitalis female BDactylolabis cubitalis male CDicranomyia liberta female DDicranomyia liberta male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figure 3 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 3 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of Tipuloidea. Excised wings of a male/ female pair of two species of crane flies. Wings were excised, flattened between a glass slide and cover slip, and photographed under a microscope using transmitted light ACylindrotoma distinctissima female BCylindrotoma distinctissima male CGnophomyia tristissima female DGnophomyia tristissima male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figure 1 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 1 Comparison of the variation in WIP of three female and three male specimens of Gnophomyia tristissima. Females examined in this study were found to have a range of WIP from A dark blue/ purple B blue with mottled yellow C green/yellow with hints of blue which appeared most like the male WIP. Males examined also had a range of WIP from D green with mottled blue which appeared most like the female WIPE solidly green F green with mottled magenta. Patterns B and E were the most encountered patterns for females and males, respectively. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Figure 2 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 2 Excised wing of a male specimen of Dolichopeza obscura against a white background with notations of wing veins and cells used in this study. Veins are noted in blue with uppercase letters while cells are noted in red with lowercase letters; naming and notations follow those of Saigusa (2006). Abbreviations: A/a: anal vein/cell, bm: basal medial cell, br: basal radial cell, C/c: costal vein/cell, CuA/cua: anterior cubitus vein/cell, CuP/cup: posterior cubitus vein/cell, d: discal cell, M/m: Medial vein/cell, R/r: radial vein/cell, Rs: radial sector vein, Sc/sc: subcostal vein/cell. Image not to scale.
Supplementary material 1 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Movie S1
Figure 8 from: Conrow RT, Gelhaus JK (2022) Wing interference patterns are consistent and sexually dimorphic in the four families of crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). ZooKeys 1080: 135-163. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1080.69060
Figure 8 Wing Interference Pattern on excised wings of male/ female pair of two species of TipuloideaATipula (Beringotipula) borealis female BTipula (Beringotipula) borealis male CTipula (Yamatotipula) sayi female DTipula (Yamatotipula) sayi male. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Fig. 4 in Sexual dimorphism and population differentiation in the Chilean Neotropical moth Macaria mirthae (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a wing geometric morphometric example
Fig. 4. Discriminant analysis of the wing shape between the two Azapa (grey bars) and Chaca valley (white bars) at the Atacama Desert.
Figure 5 from: Bourassa S, Spence J, Hartley D, Lee S (2011) Wing-dimorphism and population expansion of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) at small and large scales in central Alberta, Canada (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini). ZooKeys 147: 545-558. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2097
Figure 5 - Figure 5. Distributions of Pterostichus melanarius pitfall trapped at George Lake, starting in the road verge and extending 950 m into the forest for three sampling periods: 1991-92, 1997 and 2007-08 (see text for details). (a) Activity density standardized by the number of traps and number of days traps were in operation. In 2007 and 2008, activity density was adjusted for shorter sampling period as explained in the text. (b) Percentage of Pterostichus melanarius that was macropterous. Captures from some transects are pooled for presentation.
Figure 1 from: Bourassa S, Spence J, Hartley D, Lee S (2011) Wing-dimorphism and population expansion of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) at small and large scales in central Alberta, Canada (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini). ZooKeys 147: 545-558. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2097
Figure 1 - Figure 1. Percent LW individuals found in Pterostichus melanarius (a non-native species) and Agonum retractum (a native North American carabid) along an urban-rural gradient. Each bar represents the mean of 4 sites ± 1 S.E.
Figure 4 from: Bourassa S, Spence J, Hartley D, Lee S (2011) Wing-dimorphism and population expansion of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) at small and large scales in central Alberta, Canada (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini). ZooKeys 147: 545-558. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2097
Figure 4 - Figure 4. Mean activity density of all native carabid species along the urban-rural gradient (1998- 1999). Activity density is expressed as standardized whole-season catch (see text for details). Means exclude 2 rural sites that were not sampled in 1999 and are therefore an average of 2 sites. There were no statistically significant differences among activity in these three zones (ANOVA, p > 0.05). Error bars show standard error.
Figure 3 from: Bourassa S, Spence J, Hartley D, Lee S (2011) Wing-dimorphism and population expansion of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) at small and large scales in central Alberta, Canada (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini). ZooKeys 147: 545-558. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2097
Figure 3 - Figure 3. Representation of four introduced carabid species in the carabid fauna along the urban-rural gradient (1998-99).
Figure 2 from: Bourassa S, Spence J, Hartley D, Lee S (2011) Wing-dimorphism and population expansion of Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) at small and large scales in central Alberta, Canada (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini). ZooKeys 147: 545-558. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2097
Figure 2 - Figure 2. Comparison of %LW in Pterostichus melanarius along an urban-rural gradient over the years 1998, 1999 and 2007. Error bars are ± 1 S.E of the mean.
Data from: Transcriptome profiling of maternal stress-induced wing dimorphism in pea aphids
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Data from: The evolutionary genetics of acquisition and allocation in the wing dimorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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