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Fig. 4 in Isolation and functional characterization of an antifungal hydrophilic peptide, Skh-AMP1, derived from Satureja khuzistanica leaves

Fig. 4. (a) Primary structure alignment of Skh-AMP1 against other antifungal peptides from different plant sources is shown. Colored residues correspond to the conserved residues. (b) Three-dimensional structure model of Skh-AMP1. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic areas are shown red and blue regions, respectively. (c) Helical wheel projection of Skh-AMP1. The hydrophilic residues as circles, hydrophobic residues as diamonds, potentially negatively charged as triangles, and potentially positively charged as pentagons.

Fig. 1 in Isolation and functional characterization of an antifungal hydrophilic peptide, Skh-AMP1, derived from Satureja khuzistanica leaves

Fig. 1. (a) Purification of peptides from Satureja khuzistanica leaves. Two hundred fifty μL aliquot of lyophilized extract subjected to reverse phase-HPLC column by using a gradient from 5 to 65% (v/v) solution B (0.098% TFA in acetonitrile) combined with solution A (0.1% TFA in water) during 85 min. The absorbance was monitored at wavelength 220 nm. Totally, 15 peaks were collected. (b) The purity peak S2 was evaluated using the same column and method. (c) Tricine-SDS-PAGE profile of (1) protein standards from 2 kDa to 250 kDa (2) peptide extract passed through an ultra membrane with a 10-kDa cutoff, (3) The peak S2 purified from RP-HPLC column.

Fig. 3 in Isolation and functional characterization of an antifungal hydrophilic peptide, Skh-AMP1, derived from Satureja khuzistanica leaves

Fig. 3. Antifungal effects of peak S2 (identified as Skh-AMP1) against Candida albicans (1), Candida krusei (2), Candida glabrata (3), Aspergillus niger (4), Aspergillus flavus (5) and Aspergillus fumigatus (6) are shown. Amphotericin B and Peak S2 were used at 17.31 μM and 36 μM concentrations, respectively. Results represent means ± SD of three independent experiments.

Fig. 2 in Isolation and functional characterization of an antifungal hydrophilic peptide, Skh-AMP1, derived from Satureja khuzistanica leaves

Fig. 2. (a) Mass spectrum of peptide showing multiply protonated ions of the analyte. Note that not the first (monoisotopic) signals are annotated, but the most abundant one where 13C is incorporated. (b) MS/MS spectrum of peptide QELCTWERGSVRQADK (LysC digest, coverage from doubly protonated spectrum in top of list, from triply protonated ion in bottom of list). (c). MS/MS spectrum profile of a) peptide TSKQELCTWER (tryptic digest), b) peptide GSVRQADKTLAG (tryptic digest), c) peptide GRTSKQELCTWER (tryptic digest).

FIGURE 5 in Satureja kermanica (Lamiaceae) a new species from south-east of Iran, inferred from molecular and morphological evidence

FIGURE 5. Bayesian consensus tree from ITS of Satureja species. Data above branches are the value from Bayesian inference (BI). Green color represents S. kermanica sp. nov. "S" is the abbreviation of Satureja. The geographical area of distribution for S. bachtiarica and the herbarium numbers for the accessions sequenced in this study are presented.

FIGURE 4 in Satureja kermanica (Lamiaceae) a new species from south-east of Iran, inferred from molecular and morphological evidence

FIGURE 4. Satureja kermanica sp. nov. from the type locality, Mirtadzadini 1943 (MIR). A) habit and habitat, B) close-up view of inflorescence, C) close-up view of flower. Photographs by M. Mirtadzadini.

FIGURE 3 in Satureja kermanica (Lamiaceae) a new species from south-east of Iran, inferred from molecular and morphological evidence

FIGURE 3. Satureja bachtiarica. Photographs by M. Mirtadzadini. A) habit and habitat from the type locality, Mirtadzadini 1991 (MIR); B) close-up view of inflorescence, Mirtadzadini 1950 (MIR); C) close-up view of flower, Mirtadzadini 1967 (MIR).

FIGURE 2 in Satureja kermanica (Lamiaceae) a new species from south-east of Iran, inferred from molecular and morphological evidence

FIGURE 2. PCA scatterplot of the studied populations of Satureja bachtiarica. The geographical areas of distribution indicated with symbols. SE populations belong to S. kermanica sp. nov. The percentage of variability explained by each component is indicated on the axis.

FIGURE 1 in Satureja kermanica (Lamiaceae) a new species from south-east of Iran, inferred from molecular and morphological evidence

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Satureja bachtiarica (solid circle) and S. kermanica sp. nov. (solid triangle) in Iran.