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FIGURE 16 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 16. Primary ridges of Rhabdosciadium hizanense (A) and R. anatolyi (B). e: Epidermis; bd: Vascular bundle; Vit: Vittae; Hc: Hypodermal collenchyma; ps: phloem sclerenchyma;. Xs: xylem sclerenchyma Scale bar = 50 μm.

FIGURE 14. A in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 14. A proliferating umbel of Rhabdosciadium anatolyi at the fruiting stage. P: Peduncle; B: Bract; 1. First-degree umbel; 2. Second-degree umbellules; BR: bracteoles; M: Remains of the male flowers; MER: Mericarps that developed from the central hermaphrodite flower; C: Slightly curved fruit when one of the mericarps is not fully developed; S: Some mericarps, slightly stalked at the base (from the epitype, M. Fırat 30400).

FIGURE 13. A in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 13. A proliferating umbel and umbellules of Rhabdosciadium anatolyi that form a second- or third-degree irregularly branched inflorescence. P: Peduncle; B: Bract; 1. First-degree umbel rays; 2. Second-degree umbellule rays; 3. Third-degree umbellule rays; 4. Pedicels (from the epitype, M. Fırat 30400).

FIGURE 12 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 12. Paniculate corymbose inflorescence (general view and detail) of Rhabdosciadium anatolyi (from the epitype, M. Fırat 30400).

FIGURE 8 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 8. Umbels, fruits, and leaves of Rhabdosciadium hizanense (from the holotype, M. Fırat 32618).

FIGURE 3 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationship of Careae members based on a combined data of the ML and Bayesian analyses. GenBank sequence IDs are given next to species. BS and PP values are given on the branches. Hyphen (-) indicates BS and PP values below than 70% and 0.9, respectively.

FIGURE 1 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 1. Distribution of the Rhabdosciadium species in Turkey: R. hizanense (red), R. anatolyi (blue), R. microcalycinum (purple), R. oligocarpum (grey), and R. urusakii (black).

FIGURE 2 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 2. Distribution of the species Rhabdosciadium in the World: R. hizanense (red), R. anatolyi (blue), R. microcalycinum (purple), R. oligocarpum (grey), R. urusakii (black), R. aucheri (green), R. petiolare (orange), and R. straussii (yellow).

FIGURE 9 in Contributions to the taxonomy of the Irano-Turanian genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae): Nomenclatural notes, carpology, molecular phylogeny and the description of a new species from Bitlis (Turkey)

FIGURE 9. Rhabdosciadium anatolyi in habitat, with Prangos pabularia (from the epitype, M. Fırat 30400).

Table 6 in Taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic position of new species and new records of Coelosphaeridae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from the Mexican Pacific

Table 6. Distribution of polymorphic sites in the 28S DNAr region (C1–D2 domain) for four specimens of L. (W.) hawaiiana, one from Hawaii (Vicente et al. 2020) and three from the Mexican Pacific (this study)<table><tbody><tr><th>L. (W.) hawaiiana</th><th></th><th></th><th>Positions of mutations</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Specimens</th><td>Locality</td><td>GenBank accession number</td><td>566</td><td>608</td><td>633</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-2441</th><td>Playa la Concha, Baja California Sur</td><td>OP704020</td><td>T</td><td>-</td><td>T</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-2447</th><td>Playa la Concha, Baja California Sur</td><td>OP704019</td><td>T</td><td>-</td><td>T</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-3055</th><td>La Entrega, Oaxaca</td><td>OP704021</td><td>T</td><td>-</td><td>T</td></tr><tr><th>UF 3804</th><td>Hawaii</td><td>MT452537</td><td>C</td><td>G</td><td>-</td></tr></tbody></table>

Table 1 in Taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic position of new species and new records of Coelosphaeridae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from the Mexican Pacific

Table 1. List of references and GenBank accession numbers of sequences used in molecular analysis. The species names are referred to through the accession number in the tree topologies. Sequences generated in the present study are in bold<table><tbody><tr><th>Reference</th><th>GenBank accession number</th><th></th></tr><tr><th>28S</th><th>COI</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Belinky et al. 2012</th><td></td><td>HE591461</td></tr><tr><th>Erpenbeck et al. 2007</th><td></td><td>EF519638, EF519639, EF519643, EF519640, EF519641</td></tr><tr><th>Hestetun et al. 2016</th><td>LN870644</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Idan et al. 2018</th><td></td><td>KX866766</td></tr><tr><th>Medina et al. 2001</th><td>AY026376</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Morrow et al. 2012</th><td>Hº379226, Hº379228, Hº379229, Hº379230, Hº379231</td><td>JF440339</td></tr><tr><th>Morrow et al. 2019</th><td>KF017189</td><td>KF017195</td></tr><tr><th>Nichols 2005</th><td>AY561883</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Núñez et al. 2017</th><td></td><td>KY565309</td></tr><tr><th>Pérez et al. 2006</th><td>Dº241773</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Regueiras et al. 2019</th><td></td><td>KY492550, KY492536, KY492520</td></tr><tr><th>Riesgo et al. 2013</th><td></td><td>JX999092, JX999090</td></tr><tr><th>Rossi et al. 2019</th><td></td><td>MK803199</td></tr><tr><th>Thacker et al. 2013</th><td>KC869522, KC869546, KC869556, KC869564, KC869447, KC869468, KC869537, KC869541, KC869613, KC869624, KC869629, KC869449, KC869501, KC869603, KC869597, KC869478, KC869489, KC869512, KC869608, KC869561, KC869479, KC869529, KC869506, KC869649, KC869548, KC869515, KC869627, KC869509</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Vargas et al. 2012</th><td></td><td>HE611618, HE611608</td></tr><tr><th>Vargas et al. 2015</th><td></td><td>LN850204, LN850229, LN850210, LN850247, LN850251, LN850248</td></tr><tr><th>Vicente et al. 2020</th><td>MT452537</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Wulff 2006</th><td></td><td>Dº133901, Dº133897</td></tr><tr><th>Present study</th><td>OP740700, OP740709, OP740710, OP704019, OP704020, OP704021</td><td>OP715763</td></tr><tr><th>GenBank direct submission</th><td></td><td>KJ620400, LT160711, AJ843890, LR655634, LR655638</td></tr></tbody></table>

Table 2 in Taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic position of new species and new records of Coelosphaeridae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from the Mexican Pacific

Table 2. Comparative data for the dimensions of the spicules (in µm) of the genus Celtodoryx, shass length × width; head diameter are given for megascleres and total length for arcuate isochelae and oxychaetes.Values in parentheses are means<table><tbody><tr><th>Celtodoryx species</th><th>Diactinal megascleres tylotes and strongyles (and derivates)</th><th>Arcuate isochelae</th><th>Oxychaetes</th></tr><tr><th>Celtodoryx chichiltik sp. nov.</th></tr><tr><th>Holotype</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-144</th><td>TYa: 195–(213.8)–225 × 2–(2.65)–3; 2.5–(3.8)–5</td><td>20–(28)–32.5</td><td>51–(65.5)–95</td></tr><tr><td>STb: 213–(243.5)–273 × 2.5–(4.3)–7.5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Paratypes</th></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-161</th><td>TY: 197.5–(231.7)–261.5 × 3–(4.2)–5; 4.5–(5.4)–6.3</td><td>25–(28)–30</td><td>55–(71.3)–100</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 215–(264)–287.5 × 5.5–(7.1)–8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-172</th><td>TY: 180–(206)–237.5 × 2.5–(3)–4.5; 3–(4)–5</td><td>20–(25.8)–30</td><td>30–(62.8)–90</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 187.5–(226)–287.5 × 3.7–(5.5)–8</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-260</th><td>TY: 150–(238.5)–275 × 2.5–(4.8)–5; 3.8–(5)–7.5</td><td>22.5–(24.3)–27.5</td><td>47.5–(64.8)–78</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 235–(248.2)–287.5 × 5–(6.4)–7.5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-292</th><td>TY:190–(221.6)–250 × 2.5–(2.9)–5; 3.7–(4.9)–7</td><td>20–(23.6)–25</td><td>40–(67)–80</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 220–(230)–252.5 × 5–(6.4)–7.5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-618</th><td>TY:210–(225)245 × 2.5–(3.3)–5; 3–(4.8)–6.3</td><td>22.5–(24.2)–7</td><td>57.5–(69)–77.5</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 212.5–(228.3)–250 × 3–(3–8)–5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-740</th><td>TY: 187.5–(216)–237.5 × 2.5(3.4)–4.5; 1.3–(4)–6.3</td><td>21.3–(25.2)–27.5</td><td>30–(75.5)–90</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 207–(231)–270 × 5(5.5)–7</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-797</th><td>TY: 180–(213)–240 × 2.5–(2.8)–3.8; 3–(3.5)–5</td><td>20–(21.5)–25</td><td>45–(65.5)–77.5</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 232.5–(248.3)–265 × 2–(4.2)–5.5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-850</th><td>TY: 180–(237.8)–257.5 × 2–(3.7)–4.5; 3–(4.8)–7.5</td><td>20–(22.5)–25</td><td>62–(71)–75</td></tr><tr><td>ST: 207.5–(251)–297.5 × 2.5–(3.8)–7.5</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Celtodoryx ciocalyptoides (Burton, 1935) for comparison</th></tr><tr><th>Lectotype ZIN 10844e</th><td>SETYc: 170–(208)–290 × 1.5–(4.5)–6.5; 1.5–(5.7)–7.2</td><td>I: 48–(51)–56</td><td>62–(67)–72</td></tr><tr><td>AnSTd: 190–(273)–305 × 3.2–(8)–10.4</td><td>II: 22–(25)–30</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Paratype (MNHN D JV 93) of Celtodoryx girardae e</th><td>AnST: 165–(268)–320 × 5.8–(8.9)–12</td><td>I: 40–(48)–54</td><td>65–(74)–87</td></tr><tr><td>SETY:: 125–(195)–220 × 1.6–(4.2)–5.6, 2.4–(4.3)–6.4</td><td>II: 19–(23)–27</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>aTY,Smooth tylotes, bST, Smooth strongyles, cSETY,spined ends tylotes, dAnST,spined ends anisostrongyles, eSpicule measures from Henkel and Janussen 2011.

Table 4 in Taxonomy and molecular phylogenetic position of new species and new records of Coelosphaeridae (Demospongiae: Poecilosclerida) from the Mexican Pacific

Table 4. Comparative data for the dimensions of the spicules (in µm) of L. (L.) albemarlensis and L. (L.) isodictyalis. Shass length × width; head diameter are given for megascleres and total length for arcuate isochelae and sigmas. Values in parentheses are means<table><tbody><tr><th>L. (L.) albemarlensis material examined</th><th>Styles</th><th>Tylotes</th><th>Arcuate isochelae</th><th>Sigmas</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>AHF-1736-49</th><td>150–(161.5)–175 × 2.5–(3.4)–5</td><td>165–(175.1)–185 × 2.5–(2.5)–5; 4.5–(5.5)–7</td><td>17.5–(24.8)–30</td><td>15–(26.3)–37.5</td></tr><tr><th>AHF-608-36</th><td>160–(169.2)–180 × 2.5–(3.5)–5</td><td>180–(193.3)–205 × 2.5–(3.1)–5</td><td>17.5–(21.8)–27.5</td><td>15–(18.5)–25</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-27</th><td>150–(169.5)–185 × 2.5–(4.5)–7.5</td><td>125–(178.6)–200 × 2.5–(3)–5; 3.8–(5)–6.3</td><td>11.3–(20.5)–32</td><td>15–(28.2)–40</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-183</th><td>142.5–(159.5)–180 × 2.5–(4.2)–6.3</td><td>155–(170.3)–205 × 2.5–(4)–6.3; 5–(5.9)–7.5</td><td>20–(27)–30</td><td>20–(26.6)–31.3</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-190</th><td>150–(166)–187.5 × 2.5–(4.9)–8.8</td><td>153.8–(172.5)–185 × 2.5–(3.6)–5; 3.8–(6)–8.8</td><td>12.5–(18.3)–27.5</td><td>17.5–(25.9)–30</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-191</th><td>142.5–(172.2)–185 × 1.3–(5.2)–8.8</td><td>162–(178.8)–195 × 2.5–(3.5)–5; 5–(5.9)–7</td><td>12.5–(17.2)–27.5</td><td>15–(26)–31.3</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-193</th><td>135–(157.5)–185 × 1.3–(4.3)–6.3</td><td>150–(174)–190 × 2.5–(3.9)–5; 5–(5.7)–6.3</td><td>22.5–(25.5)–30</td><td>20–(26.3)–35</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-232</th><td>170–(183.4)–195 × 2.5–(5.9)–10</td><td>127.5–(172.8)–190 × 2.5–(3.6)–5</td><td>10–(19.4)–30</td><td>15–(25.1)–40</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-720</th><td>165–(177.2)–190 × 2.5–(3.7)–5</td><td>170–(181.6)–200 × 2.5–(3.3)–5</td><td>12.5–(21.3)–27.5</td><td>15–(27.0)–40</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1018</th><td>145–(160.2)–175 × 2.5–(2.5)–2.5</td><td>180–(195.8)–215 × 2.5–(2.9)–5</td><td>22.5–(25.9)–30</td><td>15–(23.4)–27.5</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1104</th><td>150–(157.9)–175 × 2.5–(3.8)–5</td><td>175–(187.9)–215 × 2.5–(2.9)–5</td><td>17.5–(23.3)–27.5</td><td>20–(26.1)–30</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1369</th><td>150–(162.8)–180 × 2.5–(2.8)–5</td><td>170–(186.5)–200 × 2.5–(2.6)–5</td><td>20–(25.7)–30</td><td>20–(23.3)–27.5</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1443</th><td>145–(161.6)–175 × 2.5–(3.0)–5</td><td>170–(181.2)–195 × 2.5–(2.7)–5</td><td>20–(23.4)–30</td><td>20–(25.1)–32.5</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1553</th><td>150–(160.4)–180 × 2.5–(2.7)–5</td><td>170–(180.9)–195 × 2.5–(2.7)–5</td><td>15–(24.1)–30</td><td>17.5–(23.5)–27.5</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1579</th><td>155–(170.2)–190 × 2.5–(3.6)–5</td><td>180–(186.5)–195 × 2.5–(2.7)–5</td><td>12.5–(19.8)–27.5</td><td>15–(25.5)–37.5</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-1581</th><td>150–(169.2)–185 × 2.5–(3.2)–5</td><td>170–(181.2)–200 × 2.5–(2.7)–5</td><td>12.5–(21.9)–27.5</td><td>17.5–(28.1)–40</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-2374</th><td>125–(150.3)–175 × 2–(4.5)–7.5</td><td>162.5–(171.3)–190 × 3–(5)–6; 5–(5.7)–7.5</td><td>15–(25.5)–32</td><td>15–(26)–30</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-2377</th><td>167.5–(185)–198 × 2.5–(5.7)–7.5</td><td>162.5–(190)–200 × 2.5–(4.2)–5; 5–(5.5)–6.3</td><td>12.5–(22.2)–31.3</td><td>17.5–(33.6)–40</td></tr><tr><th>LEB-ICML-UNAM-2379</th><td>142.5–(158)–165 × 1.3–(6.2)–7.5</td><td>120–(167)–182.5 × 2.5–(4.3)–5; 3.8–(4.8)–5.5</td><td>17.5–(25.3)–32.5</td><td>20–(26.5)–32.5</td></tr><tr><th>For comparison (non-examined material)</th></tr><tr><th>L. (L.) albemarlensis from Desqueyroux-Faúndez and Van Soest 1997</th><td>123–(157)–190 × 4–8</td><td>107–(139)–170 × 5</td><td>16–26</td><td>16–26</td></tr><tr><th>L. (L.) isodictyalis (Carter, 1882); from Rützler et al. 2007</th><td>148.6–(164.6)–175.2 × 3.8–(4.8)–5.7</td><td>177.9–(198.3)–207.9 × 3.1–(3.9)–4.2</td><td>19.6–(26.3)–41.4</td><td>18.3(21)–22.9</td></tr></tbody></table>

FIGURE 9 in Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae)

FIGURE 9. Heads of Progoniogryllus. A–B. P. directus sp. nov. A. female; B. male; C–D. P. rotundus sp. nov. C. female; D. male.

FIGURE 4 in Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae)

FIGURE 4. Ovipositor of Progoniogryllus species. A, B. Inside of ovipositor apex in lateral view; C. D. Outside of ovipositor apex in lateral view; A, C. P. directus sp. nov.; B, D. P. rotundus sp. nov.

FIGURE 1 in Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae)

FIGURE 1. Living species of Progoniogryllus. A–D. P. rotundus sp. nov. A. male habitus; B. spermatophore of male; C. female habitus; D. a female eating spermatophore. E–F. P. directus sp. nov. E. male habitus; F. female habitus.

FIGURE 2 in Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae)

FIGURE 2. The phylogenetic relationship among Gryllinae species, obtained by Maximum likelihood inference. Outgroups are Gryllotalpa sp_Moz, Gryllotalpa africana and Gryllotalpa sp_PNG. Abbreviations: Van (Vanuatu, Espiritu Santo), Moz (Mozambique Yemen, Socotra), PNG (PNG, Mt Wilhelm), NC (New Caledonia), India (India, Kerala).

FIGURE 7 in Integrative taxonomy base on morphology and molecular phylogeny with description of a new genus, Progoniogryllus gen. nov. and two new species (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Gryllidae; Gryllinae)

FIGURE 7. Bodies of P. directus sp. nov. A. male with reduced hindwings; B. male with hindwings; C. brachypterous female; D. macropterous female. Scale bar: 10 mm

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FIGURE 2 in Molecular taxonomy of two sympatric sibling species of the pollenbeetle genus Meligethes (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)

FIGURE 2. Neighbor Joining based on K2P pair wise distances matrix for COII. Refer to Table 1 for specimens acronyms. In parentheses bootstrap values scored for the NJ analysis based on the uncorrected p distance values.