Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 12 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 12. Cytotoxicity of some Cephalotaxus troponoids against A-549, HeLa, and SGC-7901 cell lines (IC50 in μM).

Fig. 11 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 11. Cytotoxicity of some Cephalotaxus troponoids against A-549 and HL-60 cell lines (IC50 in μM).

Fig. 10 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 10. Cytotoxicity of compounds 2, 20, 21, and 25 against A-549, KB, HL-60 and HT-29 cells (IC50 in μM).

Fig. 5 in Structural elucidation of spiro cyclohexandienonyl naphthalenes with potential anti-neuroinflammatory activities from Caragana acanthophylla Kom

Fig. 5. Anti-neuroinflammatory activities of isolated compounds 1–5, 3a-5a, and 3b-5b on LPS-induced NO production in BV2 microglial cells. (Each bar represents the means ± SE of three independent experiments. Significance: *P <0.001 compared to LPS groups. #P <0.001 compared to control groups; Con: control, NO: nitric oxide, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, MINO: minocycline).

Fig. 14 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 14. Brief summary of the antitumor structure–activity relationships (SARs) of cephalotane diterpenoids.

Fig. 1 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 1. Distributions of reported cephalotane diterpenoids in the different species of the Cephalotaxus genus.

Fig. 3 in The hydroperoxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of anthocyanidins in physiological environments: Theoretical insights into mechanisms and kinetics

Fig. 3. Regeneration cycle of the hydroperoxyl and superoxide radical scavenging of anthocyanidins following the SET mechanism in aqueous solution.

Fig. 2 in The hydroperoxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of anthocyanidins in physiological environments: Theoretical insights into mechanisms and kinetics

Fig. 2. Optimized geometries of TSs following the FHT mechanism between the selected compounds and HOO• radicals (P: pentyl ethanoate).

Fig. 2 in Zinc uptake and HMA4 activity are required for micro- and macroelement balance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Fig. 2. Classification of gene expression changes observed in both the HMA4 double-knockout mutants (cv. #3) and HMA4 RNAi plants (cv.#1) relative to their respective controls. The genes were classified manually according to the putative function of the closest Arabidopsis Blast hit (see Supplementary Table S2).

Fig. 1 in Zinc uptake and HMA4 activity are required for micro- and macroelement balance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Fig. 1. (a) Relative element contents of HMA4-impaired plants compared with their controls. HMA4 RNAi plants in cv.#1 background were compared with their WT controls (n = 3 replicates each), and HMA4 double-mutant plants in cv. #3 background were compared with their null-segregant controls (n = 4). The elements were measured in dry weight of lower leaves of plants grown under greenhouse conditions. The error bars depict the 0.95 confidence interval (CI) corrected according to Satterthwaite approximation. (b) Pictures of representative plants of each group (sticker size = 11.9 cm).

Fig. 6 in Zinc uptake and HMA4 activity are required for micro- and macroelement balance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Fig. 6. Relative element contents of different HMA4-double mutants versus the null-segregant WT controls in field experiments. The data were consolidated over 4 years of field experiments in Switzerland and 3 years of field experiments in Poland, as described in the Experimental section. The elements were measured in dry weight of leaves (mid-lower leaf position). Bars indicate estimates and confidence intervals (α = 0.1).

Fig. 4 in Zinc uptake and HMA4 activity are required for micro- and macroelement balance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Fig. 4. Relative elemental content of N. tabacum cv. #1 and cv. #2 HMA4 RNAi plants compared with their WT and of HMA4 double-knockout mutants compared with their null-segregants, for four different fertilization conditions: (a) normal fertilization, (b) fertilization containing lower concentrations of phosphate, (c) fertilization containing higher concentrations of Zn, and (d) fertilization with low concentrations of phosphate and high concentrations of Zn. The high Zn condition was achieved by addition of 0.1 g additional Zn per plant. The elements were measured in dry weight of leaves (mid-lower leaf position). Absolute data are listed in Supplementary Table S3. Data represent mean (0.95 CI) of n = 5 replicate plants, corrected according to Satterthwaite approximation. (Three outliers were removed for condition (d): Al and Cu for cv.#2; Ti for cv.#3.).

Fig. 3 in Zinc uptake and HMA4 activity are required for micro- and macroelement balance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Fig. 3. Working model of metabolic changes in HMA4-impaired plants based on the gene expression changes observed in the roots and leaves of HMA4 RNAi and HMA4-mutant N. tabacum plants relative to their controls. The lack of HMA4 function causes Zn deficiency in leaves, leading to a local Zn-deficiency response. In roots, a Fe-deficiency response is observed, caused either by a high Zn:Fe ratio in the roots or by a systemic Zn-deficiency signal. The Fe-deficiency signal leads—via the transcription factor FIT1—to upregulation of the Fe- and Mn- transporter genes IRT1 and NRAMP1 and also induces the synthesis and export of iron-binding compounds (IBC), thus additionally assisting Fe uptake. At the same time, a P-deficiency signal involving the transcription factor HHO2 is generated in the leaves. In roots, the P-deficiency signal leads to increased expression of genes encoding acid phosphatases, enabling increased phosphate uptake from the rhizosphere. Consequently, Fe, Mn, Cu, and P accumulate in the leaves. P is stored in vacuoles (via PHT5; 1, PHT5; 3) and also exported to mitochondria and chloroplasts. Cu is detoxified by transport to the chloroplasts, which are a major site of Cu use because of Cu-containing plastocyanin production. However, high levels of Cu are toxic for the photosynthetic electron transport system, especially for photosystem II, which is reflected in the upregulation of PII light harvesting complex genes (LHCB). At the same time, Cu uptake to the cells is limited by downregulation of COPT1. Ion uptake might cause a lower osmotic potential, leading to water influx via various aquaporin genes. High turgor pressure or Fe excess ultimately affects the cell wall, as observed by the increased expression of genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis, expansion, and crosslinking. bHLH115: basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor; CA: carbonic anhydrase; CESA: cellulose synthase; COPT: copper transporter; DMRL: dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase; EXPA: expansin; FIT: FER-like regulator of iron uptake (transcription factor); HHO2: hypersensitivity to low phosphate-elicited primary root shortening 1 homolog 2 (myb-like transcription factor); HMA: heavy metal ATPase; IBC: iron binding compound; IRT: iron-regulated transporter; LAC: laccase; LHCB: photosystem II light harvesting complex; NA: nicotianamine; NAS: nicotianamine synthase; NRAMP: natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (metal ion transporter); PDR: pleiotropic drug resistance (ATP-binding cassette transporter); PHT: phosphate transporter; PIP: plasma membrane intrinsic protein; PME: pectin methyl esterase; PMEI: pectin methyl esterase inhibitor; PRX: peroxidase; RBCS: ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain; TIP: tonoplast intrinsic protein; TBL: TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE (xylan acetylation); ZIP: zinc transporter.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Multi-modal Dataset of Human Activities of Daily Living with Ambient Audio, Vibration and Environmental Data

<pre>This dataset provides over 43000 samples of 25 different human activities (e.g. walking, opening/closing a door, sitting down, vacuum cleaning). Each sample is recorded by 5 sensor devices with multiple types of sensors. The main part is audio and vibration. Further metrics were recorded at a low frequency, and are: infrared array, light color, temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, air quality measure, volatile organic compounds and CO2 equivalent. The data was recorded in supervised sessions to label each sample. The recording environment consisted of a kitchen and dining room. Flawed samples were removed and the different metrics were synchronized, but no further processing or filtering of the data was performed. </pre>

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

A Method for Differentiating Sepsis and Septic Shock Based on Phenylalanine Hydroxylase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity

The present method relates to improving the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of sepsis and septic shock. Despite the availability of advanced treatment, sepsis, and septic shock have the highest mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU). Theories suggested that hyperinflammation is a major characteristic of septic shock, but oxidative stress plays a major role in disease pathogenesis. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based quantitative assessment of metabolites was performed to compare the activity of lactate dehydrogenase and phenylalanine hydroxylase between sepsis, septic shock, and disease control in sepsis and septic shock by comparing pyruvate/lactate (Pyr/Lac) and phenylalanine/tyrosine (Phe/Tyr) ratios. These ratios were evaluated and found to be used as an effective tool for diagnosis, prognosis, evaluation of disease activity, and treatment response.

Fig. 5 in How is the activity of shikimate dehydrogenase from the root of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) regulated and which side reactions are catalyzed?

Fig. 5. Inhibition effect of various phenylpropanoids on the activity of P. crispum SDH. The specific activity of the enzyme preparations was 0.17 ± 0.07 μmol. min-1mg-1. Controls in 96 and 50 % ethanol were only slightly different from the distilled water control, with specific activities of 0.18 0.06 and 0.19 0.11 μmol. ± ± min-1mg-1, respectively. IC was calculated from nonlinear regression with Eq. (1). Each determination was done at least 3-times, the average values and standard 50 deviations are shown.

Fig. 1 in How is the activity of shikimate dehydrogenase from the root of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) regulated and which side reactions are catalyzed?

Fig. 1. Determination of the type of SDH reaction mechanism based on Lineweaver-Burk diagnostical plots for the direction from SA to DHS (A,B) and from DHS to SA (C,D) Double reciprocal plots are fitted to an equation corresponding to a sequential mechanism.

Fig. 2 in How is the activity of shikimate dehydrogenase from the root of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) regulated and which side reactions are catalyzed?

Fig. 2. Product inhibition analysis for the determination of the mechanism of bisubstrate reaction in the direction from SA to DHS (A-F) and in the direction from DHS to SA (G-J). Experimental data are fitted with calculated values determined by non-linear regression using equations charactering competitive and non-competitive inhibition, respectively. SDH products DHS (A,B,C) and NADPH (D,E,F) served as competitive (B,C,D,F) and non-competitive (A,E) inhibitors. The saturating (C,F) and subsaturating (A,B,D,E) concentrations of SA and NADP were 20 mM and 2 mM, and 0.3 mM and 0.5 mM, respectively. Saturating concentrations of NADP and variable concentrations of SA caused no inhibition (N.I.) of NADPH and saturating concentrations of SA and variable concentrations of NADP caused N.I. of DHS (data not shown). SDH products SA (G,H) and NADP (I,J) served as competitive (G,I) and non-competitive (H,J) inhibitors at 0.75 mM (subsaturating concentration) DHS (G,I) and 0.2 mM (subsaturating concentration) NADPH (H,J) as a second substrate. Ki indicates inhibition constants in mM. NC - noncompetitive and C - competitive inhibition. Measurements were performed in doublets (S.D. are shown) and at least 2-4 times (enzyme preparations from different isolations).

Fig. 4 in How is the activity of shikimate dehydrogenase from the root of Petroselinum crispum (parsley) regulated and which side reactions are catalyzed?

Fig. 4. Identification of P. crispum SDH products by reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry. The symbol ∅ indicates that no potential P. crispum SDH byproduct was identified in the reaction mixtures by mass spectrometry. QDH, quinate dehydrogenase; QD, quinate dehydratase; DHSD, dehydroshikimate dehydratase.