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FIGURE 3. 3-a in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 3. 3-a, wing venation and position of fovea; 3-b, structure of fovea (under side view, scale bar: 1 mm) (G. c o l c h i d a r i a objectaria, male).

FIGURE 15–19. G. kasrunensis. 15 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 15–19. G. kasrunensis. 15: lectotype, male, 16: paralectotype, female, 17: "G. musandamensis", from Musandam (Oman); 18: G. colchidaria objectaria, lectotype, male, 19: G. c o l c h i d a r i a degeneraria, lectotype, male; a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 54 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 54. Maximum Likelihood tree based on GTR model parameter calculated with MEGA 5 (Tamura et al., 2011). Barcode data from BOLD (Barcode of Life Database, cf. Ratnasingham & Hebert, 2007).

FIGURE 45–46. Female genitalia, 45 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 45–46. Female genitalia, 45: G. r u b r a r i a from Köprüköy, Kizilirmak (Central Turkey), gen. prep. 896/2008 H. R., 46: G. colchidaria colchidaria, holotype, gen. prep. 408/2008 H. R. Scale bar: 1 mm. FIGURE 47. G. colchidaria sinesefida, SEM prep. 21/2009 H. R.; with scales, a: papillae analis, with groups of floricomous setae; b: enlarged apices of floricomous setae.

FIGURE 39–40. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 39 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 39–40. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 39: G. irakensis, syntype, gen. prep: 7217, by Wehrli, SEM prep. 6/ 2009 H. R.; 40: G. sarobiana, holotype, gen. prep: 91, G. Ebert. a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scale); d. sternite A8. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 30–34. 30 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 30–34. 30: G. r u b r a r i a, colour variants from: a, Kirikkale (Central Turkey), b–c, Marasch (Maraš, E. Turkey); 31– 32: G. s a ro b i a n a, 31: holotype, male, 32: paratype, female, 33: G. objectaria luxuriosa, holotype, male, 34: G. objectaria luxuriosa, paratype, female. a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label (except fig. 30). Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 1–2 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 1–2. Gnopharmia, structures of head, antennae and fore legs: 1-a, lateral view of head (scale bar: 1 mm); 1-b, frons; 1-c, gena (G. colchidaria objectaria, male); 2-a, male and female antennae (G. colchidaria objectaria); b-e, fore tibia structure in: b, G. irakensis; c, G. colchidaria colchidaria; d, G. colchidaria sinesefida; e, G. cocandaria cocandaria (ep.: epiphysis, t.s.: tibial spine, scale bar: 0.5 mm).

FIGURE 37–38. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 37 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 37–38. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites. 37: G. colchidaria colchidaria, lectotype of G. c o l c h i d a r i a melanotaenia, gen. prep: 415/2008 H. R., SEM prep. 17/2009 H. R., 38: G. erema, lectotype, gen. prep: 411/2008 H. R. a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scale); d: sternite A8. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 25–26. G. colchidaria sinesefida. 25 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 25–26. G. colchidaria sinesefida. 25: syntype, male, 26: male from Lorestan (W Iran); FIGURE 27–29. G. rubraria. 27: lectotype, male (Israel), 28: paralectotype, female, 29: male from central Turkey. a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 5–7. G. colchidaria colchidaria. 5 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 5–7. G. colchidaria colchidaria. 5: holotype, female; 6: G. c. melanotaenia, lectotype, male (labelled as "holotype" by Wehrli); 7: G. c. melanotaenia, a: paralectotype, female (labelled as "Allotype" by Wehrli), b & c: colour variants, both from Arax (Armenia); FIGURE 8–9. G. cocandaria, 8: holotype, male; 9: G. rubraria subrubraria, lectotype, male. a, upperside; b, under side (except fig. 7-b); c, original label (except fig. 7-c). Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 20–24. G. colchidaria objectaria. 20 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 20–24. G. colchidaria objectaria. 20: G. i n e r m i s, holotype, male, 21: G. inermis vartianae, holotype, male, 22: G. inermis vartianae, "allotype", female, 23: G. e b e r t i, holotype, male, 24: G. maculifera kasyi, holotype, male. a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 43–44 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 43–44. Male genitalia and abdominal sternites of G. r u b r a r i a, 43: specimen from Köprüköy, Kizilirmak (Central Turkey), gen. prep. 654/2008 H. R., SEM prep. 30/2009 H. R., 44: lectotype, gen. prep. 406/2008 H. R., SEM prep. 14/2009 H. R., a: genital capsule; b: aedeagus; c: distal part of aedeagus (SEM; with scales); d. sternite A8. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 10–14. G. cocandaria. 10 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 10–14. G. cocandaria. 10: female from Kuldja, cited and figured by Wehrli (1953) in Seitz 4 (suppl.); 11: G. maculifera maculifera, lectotype, male from Samarkand [Uzbekistan]; 12: G. maculifera afghanistana, holotype, male; 13: G. erema, lectotype; 14: G. irakensis, syntype, male. a, upperside; b, under side; c, original label. Scale bar: 1 cm.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic revision and zoogeographical patterns of the species of Gnopharmia Staudinger, 1892 (Geometridae, Ennominae)

FIGURE 4. Male and female genitalia, male abdominal structures: 1: sternite A8; 2: octavals; 3: dorsal arm of valva; 4: distal projection of sacculus; 5: proximal projection of sacculus; 6: ventral part of valva (sacculus); 7: ventral fin of aedeagus; 8: proximal subapical spines of aedeagus; 9: distal subapical spines; 10: fused cornuti on partly everted vesica; 11: papillae analis (with floricomous setae); 12: antrum; 13: ductus bursae; 14: posterior apophyses; 15: anterior apophyses; 16: corpus bursae; 17: signum (male and female: G. objectaria sinesefida).

FIGURE 2 in On the identity of Pselaphodes walkeri (Sharp, 1892) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), with description of a new related species

FIGURE 2. Diagnostic features of P. walkeri. A. Antennal club. B. Pronotum. C. Metaventral process, in lateral view. D. Protrochanter and profemur. E. Apical portion of protibia. F. Mesotrochanter and mesofemur. G. Metatrochanter and metafemur. H. Sternite IX. I. Aedeagus, in dorsal view. J. Same, in lateral view. K. Same, in ventral view. Scales (mm): A, B, D, F, G = 0.3; C, I, J, K = 0.2; H = 0.1; E = 0.05.

FIGURE 4 in On the identity of Pselaphodes walkeri (Sharp, 1892) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), with description of a new related species

FIGURE 4. Holotype of P. walkeri. A. Dorsal habitus. B. Antennal club, enlarged. C. Type label. Scales (mm): A = 1.0; B = 0.1.

FIGURE 5 in On the identity of Pselaphodes walkeri (Sharp, 1892) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), with description of a new related species

FIGURE 5. Collecting at Damao Island. A. An overall view of the island. B. Wen-Xuan Bi (left), Xiao-Bing Song (middle) and Zi-Wei Yin (right) at Damao Island. C. The village where Yin, Song and Bi stayed during the collecting trip (arrow indicating the collection site). D. Collection site, a path surrounded by abandoned houses in the village (arrow indicating the collection area that is full of leaf litter of Cunninghamia lanceolata). E. A closer view of Cunninghamia lanceolata.

FIGURE 3 in On the identity of Pselaphodes walkeri (Sharp, 1892) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), with description of a new related species

FIGURE 3. Diagnostic features of P. pseudowalkeri. A. Antennal club. B. Pronotum. C. Metaventral process, in lateral view. D. Protrochanter and profemur. E. Apical portion of protibia. F. Mesotrochanter and mesofemur. G. Metatrochanter and metafemur. H. Sternite IX. I. Aedeagus, in dorsal view. J. Same, in lateral view. K. Same, in ventral view. Scales (mm): A, B, C, D, F, G, I, J, K = 0.2; H = 0.1; E = 0.05.

FIGURE 35 in A taxonomic review of Oberthueria Kirby, 1892 (Lepidoptera, Bombycidae: Oberthuerinae) with description of three new species

FIGURE 35. Dendrogramm of the genus based on 5' terminus of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxydase I (COI) gene with distance model Kimura 2 Parameter.

FIGURE 2 in Acrothoracican barnacles (Lithoglyptida) in Taiwan, including the taxonomic status of Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950 and cryptic diversity of Auritoglyptes bicornis (Aurivillius, 1892)

FIGURE 2. (A) Sampling locations in Taiwan. (B) Burrow openings of Balanodytes taiwanus Utinomi, 1950, from various substrates. (C) Balanodytes taiwanus, female, general view. (D) Balanodytes taiwanus, mouth cirrus. Abbreviations: cc—comb collar, tc—terminal cirri, ob—opercular bar, obp—posterior process of opercular bar, ok—orificial knob. Scale bars (except on 'B') in µm.