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Yearly survey of barnacle settlement near creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2020
To characterize spatial variation in barnacle recruitment at the creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we deployed PVC poles to passive sample barnacle settlement. Eight poles were deployed between 4-5m apart adjacent to the creekbank vegetation monitoring plots at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site each Fall beginning in 2012. These poles were then collected the following Fall and all barnacle that settled on the poles were identified and counted on 50cm-long sections of the 8, 3/4" diameter PVC poles. Four species settled on poles and were counted and recorded: Chthamalus fragilis, Balanus spp., Geukensia demissa, and Oysters (Crassostrea virginica).
Fall 2020 plant monitoring survey -- shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
A quadrat survey was conducted in October 2020 to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites. The quadrats were established as permanent plots at GCE sampling sites in October 2000 by placing wooden stakes at random locations across two nominal zones at each site, designated based on marsh structure (creekbank and high marsh). New plots were added each year as necessary to replace those lost due to catastrophic wrack disturbance or creek bank erosion. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set (PLT-GCEM-1801). This survey will be repeated annually to assess changes in plant distribution and biomass in relation to environmental changes documented by other GCE LTER monitoring efforts.
Fall 2020 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2019 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2011a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Long-term Barnacle Settlement Near Creekbank Plots from the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Fall Marsh Monitoring Program
This data set includes long-term observational data on barnacle recruitment at the creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean. PVC poles were deployed to passively sample barnacle settlement. Eight poles were deployed between 4-5 meters apart adjacent to the creekbank vegetation monitoring plots at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site each Fall beginning in 2012. These poles were then collected the following Fall and all barnacle that settled on the poles were identified and counted on 50cm-long sections of the 8, 3/4" diameter PVC poles. Although a few other barnacle species occur within this estuary, only two species settled on poles: Chthamalus fragilis and Balanus spp. Beginning in 2018, Geukensia dimissa and Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) that settled on the poles were also counted and recorded. This data set includes observations from 2013 to 2023 and will be updated annually to include the prior year observations.
Long-term adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots from the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Fall Monitoring Program
This data set includes long-term observation of the abundance of periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) at sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystem (GCE) LTER study area. Visual counts of adult Littoraria were conducted within 0.5m x 0.5m quadrats in-line with permanent GCE vegetation plots. Juvenile Littoraria (1-4mm shell length) were found and counted by looking inside all leaf furls within a nested quadrat (0.25m x 0.25m). In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats. This method was started in 2012 as a new part of the annual GCE monitoring and supplements the invertebrate data that has been collected since October 2000. This data set includes observations from 2012 to 2023 and will be updated annually to include the prior year observations.
Long-term Plant Biomass Monitoring Data from Altamaha River Plant Transition Sites near the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Project on Sapelo Island, Georgia
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER program (GCE) monitors plant biomass annually to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 3 sampling sites on the creekbank of the Altamaha River. The sites were chosen to capture the transition from Spartina alterniflora to Spartina cynosuroides (site SCSA) and the transition from Spartina cynosuroides to Zizaniopsis miliacea (sites ZSC1 and ZSC2). The quadrats were established as permanent plots in October 2012 by placing PVC stakes along the creekbank at each site. Plots were evenly spaced, but were not randomly located because the goal was to start with mixtures of vegetation in most of the plots, and vegetation was distributed in patches along the creekbanks. Therefore, these plots provide useful measures of vegetation change, but are not a random sample of the vegetation at the site. Plots will be replaced each year as necessary to replace any lost to disturbance. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set (PLT-GCEM-1801c). This data set includes cumulative long-term observations of plant stem count, height and biomass per plot and species at 3 Altamaha River transition sites from 2012 to 2023, and will be updated annually to include the prior year observations.
Dissolved Inorgainic Carbon concentration and Total Alkalinity from surface water samples collected in the GCE LTER domain near Sapelo Island, Georgia between May 2014 and December 2022.
Surface water samples were collected from GCE LTER sampling stations between May 2014 and December 2022. Monthly samples were collected from GCE 6 (high and low tide) and GCE 7 (high tide). Quarterly samples were collected from the remaining GCE sites, 4 sites along the Duplin River, and AL-02 ( the Altamaha River oceanic end-member station). These samples were analyzed for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA).
Soil salinity and organic content at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2020
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2020 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water. Organic content was measured gravimetrically by comparing ash-free dry weight and total weight of soil samples.
Nutrient Network (NutNet) basic sampling at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER in summer 2019.
NutNet is a distributed ecological experiment with a sampling component and an experiment. The goal of this work was to conduct the NutNet sampling protocol at the GCE site. Comparisons can be made 1) within the GCE site, and 2) between GCE and other NutNet sites, most of which are terrestrial. More about Nutnet here: http://www.nutnet.umn.edu/.
Yearly survey of barnacle settlement near creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2021
To characterize spatial variation in barnacle recruitment at the creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we deployed PVC poles to passive sample barnacle settlement. Eight poles were deployed between 4-5m apart adjacent to the creekbank vegetation monitoring plots at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site each Fall beginning in 2012. These poles were then collected the following Fall and all barnacle that settled on the poles were identified and counted on 50cm-long sections of the 8, 3/4" diameter PVC poles. Four species settled on poles and were counted and recorded: Chthamalus fragilis, Balanus spp., Geukensia demissa, and Oysters (Crassostrea virginica).
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2021.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2021. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Fall 2021 plant monitoring survey -- shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
A quadrat survey was conducted in October 2021 to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites. The quadrats were established as permanent plots at GCE sampling sites in October 2000 by placing wooden stakes at random locations across two nominal zones at each site, designated based on marsh structure (creekbank and high marsh). New plots were added each year as necessary to replace those lost due to catastrophic wrack disturbance or creek bank erosion. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set (PLT-GCEM-1801). This survey will be repeated annually to assess changes in plant distribution and biomass in relation to environmental changes documented by other GCE LTER monitoring efforts.
Fall 2021 plant monitoring survey -- biomass calculated from shoot height and flowering status of plants in permanent plots at GCE sampling sites 1-10
The biomass of plants surveyed in permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October 2021 was estimated based on allometric relationships between biomass and shoot height and flowering status derived for each site, zone, and species in October 2002 and October 2008. Biomass was calculated for dominant species, including Spartina alterniflora, S. cynosuroides, Juncus roemerianus, and Zizaniopsis miliacea, as well as rarer species including Scirpus spp, Panicum spp. And Typha angustifolia. This data set is based on GCE plant monitoring survey data set PLT-GCEM-2111a, and allometric relationships were based on GCE data sets PLT-GCEM-0211b, PLT-GCEM-0711, and PLT-GCEM-2011.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2021
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2021 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Fall 2021 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2021 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. Note that this census method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total burrowing crab abundance, potentially including species Uca pugnax, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Armases cinereum, Eurytium limosum and Sesarma reticulatum. Crab holes that are not actively maintained are quickly covered by tidal activity and other sediment disturbances, therefore plugged holes were assumed to be unoccupied and excluded from the counts.
Pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) 5-minute chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) with accompanying environmental variables from the GCE-LTER Keenan Field site on Sapelo Island, GA in July 2020
Pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) from July 11, 2020 to July 27, 2020 collected over a Spartina alterniflora marsh located on the western side of Sapelo Island bounded by the Duplin River. PAM ChlF were processed in WinControl-3.25. Additional biophysical variables included are photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from onsite quantum sensors (Licor-192), and tide height from an onsite pressure transducer (Hobo U20).
Bald cypress radiocarbon and dendrochronological data from trees located in the Altamaha Wildlife Management Area and on Sapelo Island, Georgia, USA
Ancient bald cypress trees buried under anoxic mud on the Altamaha Wildlife Management Area islands were sampled, prepared, radiocarbon dated, and the ringwidths measured for crossdating. Modern bald cypress samples were also obtained from Sapelo Island. Tree rings were measured using a Velmex and Measure J2X software and/or the ObjectJ extension of ImageJ. Measured radii were crossdated using visual dendrochronological methods and Cofecha software. Tree rings anchored to the present date back to 3161 B.C.E. and extend to 2016 C.E. In addition, the oldest two trees provide another 529 years of ringwidth data. This work was conducted under the National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Human Adaptation to Long Term Environmental Change (Award #1834682). All samples are part of the accessioned collections of the University of Georgia Laboratory's of Archaeology.
Mollusc population abundance monitoring: Fall 2021 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance based on collections from GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2021 estimate of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc abundance at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Species abundance was determined by hand-collecting all the infaunal and epifaunal molluscs from within quadrats of known area in mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, fixed in ethanol, transferred to and preserved in ethanol, counted and measured (size data is reported separately). The counts were converted to number per square meter. Gastropod species are listed first, followed by bivalve species. Size distribution data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2207a.
Mollusc population size distribution monitoring: Fall 2021 mid-marsh and creekbank infaunal and epifaunal mollusc size distributions based on collections from GCE marsh monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2021 report of infaunal and epifaunal mollusc species size distributions at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Infaunal and epifaunal molluscs were hand-collected from within quadrats of known area from mid-marsh and creekbank zones (n = 4 quadrats per zone) at all sites. The molluscs were returned to the lab, preserved in ethanol, measured and counted (count data is reported separately). Length of each measurable individual was determined using calipers or an ocular micrometer mounted in a stereomicroscope. Species abundance and density data for these collections may be found in the GCE-LTER data set INV-GCEM-2207. Numbers of individuals of each species in the abundance data file may not correspond exactly to the numbers of individuals in the size data file because some individuals may not have been measureable.
Fall 2022 crab population monitoring: mid-marsh and creek bank abundance based on crab hole counts at GCE marsh, monitoring sites 1-10
This data set is the Fall 2022 estimate of crab densities at the GCE-LTER marsh sites used for population monitoring. Crab abundance was determined by counting the number of crab holes within a 625 cm^2 quadrat and converting the counts to number per square meter. Counts were made in the mid-marsh and creek bank zones (n = 4 per zone) at GCE sites 1 through 10. Note that this census method does not differentiate which species made a particular hole and therefore only estimates total burrowing crab abundance, potentially including species Uca pugnax, Uca minax, Uca pugilator, Armases cinereum, Eurytium limosum and Sesarma reticulatum. Crab holes that are not actively maintained are quickly covered by tidal activity and other sediment disturbances, therefore plugged holes were assumed to be unoccupied and excluded from the counts.
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OpenNeuro
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