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585 results for “Goal”
Dissociable use-dependent processes for volitional goal-directed reaching
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Values and Sustainable Development Goals
<p>Series of Lego Serious Play sessions to train students and potential entrepreneurs to use Lego Serious Play to ideate and propose innovative perspectives.</p>
Data from: Extending full protection inside existing marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can reconcile conservation and fisheries goals
<p>1. Most fish stocks worldwide are fished at maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or overfished, as many fisheries management strategies have failed to achieve sustainable fishing. Identifying effective fisheries management strategies has now become urgent.</p> <p>2. Here, we developed a spatially-explicit metapopulation model accounting for population connectivity in the north-western Mediterranean Sea, and parameterized it for three ecologically and economically important coastal fish species: the white seabream <i>Diplodus sargus</i>, the two-banded seabream <i>Diplodus vulgaris</i> and the dusky grouper <i>Epinephelus marginatus</i>.</p> <p>3. We used the model to assess how stock biomass and catches respond to changes in fishing mortality rate (<i>F</i>) and in the size of fully protected areas within the existing system of multiple-use marine protected areas (MPAs). For each species, we estimated MSY and the corresponding values of stock biomass (<i>B</i><sub>MSY</sub>) and fishing mortality rate (<i>F</i><sub>MSY</sub>), providing crucial reference points for the assessment of fisheries management.</p> <p>4. <i>D. sargus</i> is currently in low overfishing, while <i>D. vulgaris</i> and <i>E. marginatus</i> are in high overfishing. Stock recovery to <i>B</i><sub>MSY</sub> for the last two species requires a reduction of current <i>F</i> around 50%. This would guarantee an increase in both stock biomass (around 50 and 75% for <i>D. vulgaris</i> and <i>E. marginatus</i>, respectively) and catch (around 15 and 30%) after a transient time of ~15–30 years. Alternatively, doubling the size of fully protected areas over fishable areas within the existing network of MPAs would lead to positive conservation effects for all three species without substantially affecting the overall productivity of the fishery and the total economic value of the catch.</p> <p>5. <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> We provide the first assessment of stock status for three coastal species in the north-western Mediterranean and evaluate the ecological and fisheries outcomes of different management strategies. Extending full protection inside existing multiple-use marine protected areas or reducing fishing effort outside can deliver both conservation and fisheries benefits.</p>
Data from: Goal-directed and stimulus-driven selection of internal representations
<p>Raw behavioral and eye-tracking datasets of experiments 1 and 2 reported in the manuscript "Goal-directed and stimulus-driven selection of internal representations", by Freek van Ede, Alexander G. Board, Anna C. Nobre<br> </p>
Magic Deliverable 5.1 - Datasets - Report on EU sustainability goals: insights from Quantitative Story Telling and WEFE nexus
<p>This repository contains datasets used in the production of figures contained in MAGIC Deliverable 5.1</p> <p>Matthews K.B. (Hutton), Blackstock K.L. (Hutton), Waylen K.A. (Hutton), Juarez-Bourke A. (Hutton) Miller D.G. (Hutton), Wardell-Johnson D.H. (Hutton), Rivington M. (Hutton), Hague A. (Hutton), Fisher D. (Hutton), Renner A. (UAB), Cadillo-Benalzacar J. (UAB), Schyns J. (UT), Giampietro M. (UAB)</p> <p>MAGIC (H2020-GA 689669) Project Deliverable 5.1 - July 2020</p> <p><a href="https://magic-nexus.eu/documents/deliverable-51-report-eu-sustainability-goals">MAGIC Deliverable 5.1</a></p>
Decoding Movement Goals from the Fronto-Parietal Reach Network
<p>Here we provide fMRI data used for MVPA in the following project (for details see data description file):</p> <p>Gertz H, Lingnau A and Fiehler K (2017). Decoding Movement Goals from the Fronto-Parietal Reach Network. <em>Front. Hum. Neurosci.</em> <strong>11</strong>:84. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00084</p> <p>During reach planning, fronto-parietal brain areas need to transform sensory information into a motor code. It is debated whether these areas maintain a sensory representation of the visual cue or a motor representation of the upcoming movement goal. Here, we present results from a delayed pro-/anti-reach task which allowed for dissociating the position of the visual cue from the reach goal. In this task, the visual cue was combined with a context rule (pro vs. anti) to infer the movement goal. Different levels of movement goal specification during the delay were obtained by presenting the context rule either before the delay together with the visual cue (specified movement goal) or after the delay (underspecified movement goal). By applying fMRI multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) we demonstrate movement goal encoding in the left dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) and bilateral superior parietal lobule (SPL) when the reach goal is specified. This suggests that fronto-parietal reach regions maintain a prospective motor code during reach planning. When the reach goal is underspecified, only area PMd but not SPL represents the visual cue position indicating an incomplete state of sensorimotor integration. Moreover, this result suggests a potential role of PMd in movement goal selection.</p>
Dataset supporting "Human posterior parietal cortex encodes the movement goal in a pro-/anti-reach task."
<p>Here we provide fMRI data used for the following project (for details see data description file):</p> <p>Gertz, H., & Fiehler, K. (2015). Human posterior parietal cortex encodes the movement goal in a pro-/anti-reach task. <em>Journal of Neurophysiology</em>, <em>114</em>(1), 170–83. http://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01039.2014</p> <p>Previous research on reach planning in humans has implicated a fronto-parietal network, including the precuneus (PCu), a putative human homologue of the monkey parietal reach region (PRR), and the dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). Using a pro-/anti-reach task, electrophysiological studies in monkeys have demonstrated that the movement goal rather than the location of the visual cue is encoded in PRR and PMd. However, if only the effector but not the movement goal is specified (underspecified condition) the PRR and PMd have been shown to represent all potential movement goals. In this fMRI study, we investigated whether the human PCu and PMd likewise encode the movement goal, and whether these reach-related areas also engage in situations with underspecified compared to specified movement goals. By using a pro-/anti-reach task, we were able to spatially dissociate the location of the visual cue from the location of the movement goal. In the specified conditions, pro- and anti-reaches activated similar parietal and premotor areas. In the PCu contralateral to the moving arm, we found directionally selective activation fixed to the movement goal. In the underspecified conditions, we observed activation in reach-related areas of the posterior parietal cortex, including PCu. However, the activation was substantially weaker in parietal areas and lacking in PMd. Our results suggest that human PCu encodes the movement goal rather than the location of the visual cue if the movement goal is specified and even engages in situations when only the visual cue but not the movement goal is defined.</p>
Mussells Pires et al, Converting an allocentric goal into an egocentric steering signal [Data]
<p>Data for <em><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-07006-3">Converting an allocentric goal into an egocentric steering signal</a>. </em></p>
Supplementary material to the study: "Understanding the interactions between biowaste valorization and selected Sustainable Development Goals: insights from an early transition stage"
<p>This file includes supplementary material for the journal article: "Understanding the interactions between biowaste valorization and selected Sustainable Development Goals: insights from a national context at an early transition stage". The PDF file contains the interview guide, while the .xlsx file contains all other supplementary material. </p>
A Refined Supply-demand Framework to Quantify variability in Ecosystem Services Related to Surface Water in support of Sustainable Development Goals
<p>The file named 'Results' stores the data produced in this study. The file named 'Scripts' stores the python codes used in this study. The file named 'Software' stores the software installation package (Windows 64-bit system). The file named '3basin' stores the shapefile data of Level 3 basin in Xinjiang.</p>
Datos de la investigación: La voz del rehén: adapting creative sustainable development goal-based physical-artístico project during COVID pandemic situation
<p>This article assesses the effects on creativity of an interdisciplinary physicall-artistic programme and their effects during pandemic context. The sample comprised 97 individuals –54 men and 43 women– with an average age of 21.37±1.56, all of whom were studying a Primary Education Teacher Training Degree at Zaragoza University –Spain–. It was a pre-experimental study with measures pre-post programme –adapted to pandemic situation, replacing the acrosport content to skipping rope, juggling and aerial dance–. The creative skills assessment instrument was the PIC-A. A Student’s T-test and ANOVA test were performed to discover significant differences in pre-post in both academic years. Results showed that: i) participants obtained significant improvements in total score of creativity in both academic years; ii) the adaptations made to the intervention programme during the pandemic year were effective in developing creativity. These studies confirm the importance of incorporating interdisciplinary creativity programmes into the university system.</p>
Diverse Hits in de Novo Molecule Design: A Diversity-based Comparison of Goal-directed Generators
<p>Results for the paper "<strong>Diverse Hits in de Novo Molecule Design: A Diversity-based Comparison of Goal-directed Generators"</strong> in the form of the generated molecules and their associated scores. The relevant code to reproduce and visualize the results can be found at https://github.com/ml-jku/diverse-hits. </p> <p> </p>
Developing the System of Radiological Protection to Enhance Its Contribution to the UN Sustainable Development Goals
<p>The system of radiological protection has evolved since the publication of the ICRP’s first set of recommendations in 1959. It has enabled the beneficial uses of radiation and radioactive substances while protecting humans from their harmful tissue reactions and carcinogenic (and other stochastic) effects. The system has arguably been world leading in the protection of humans from carcinogens.</p> <p>Since the publication of the most recent ICRP recommendations in 2007 the pace of change in global socio-economic challenges and environmental degradation has accelerated. We face climate, biodiversity and pollution emergencies as well as global health crises such as Covid-19 and increases in non-communicable diseases such as cancer.</p> <p>In addressing the global issues we face it is therefore more important than ever to take an integrated approach to balancing social, environmental and economic risks and impacts. In the context of radiological protection it is vital that our efforts to reduce or control radiation risks consider the wider consequences of those efforts if we are to avoid causing more harm than good.</p> <p>The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are an ideal framework for facilitating a balanced approach to socio-economic development and environmental protection and enhancement. They recognise that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand-in-hand with improving health and education, reducing inequality, and spurring economic growth – all while tackling climate change and preserving our environment.</p> <p>The ICRP system of radiological protection is based on three fundamental principles: justification, optimisation and the limitation of radiation exposure. The principle of justification requires that any decision that changes the amount of radiation exposure should do more good than harm. Optimisation requires that radiation exposure should be kept as low as reasonably achievable, taking into account economic and societal factors. Optimisation is not the minimisation of radiation exposure rather the maximising of the net benefit relative to the radiation exposure.</p> <p>This paper explores how the system of radiological protection contributes to the delivery of sustainable development and considers how the SDGs might be taken into account in its further development and application to ensure that the system is fit for the 21st century.</p>
Dataset used in the article: Evaluation of goal recognition systems on unreliable data and uninspectable agents
<p>Goal or intent recognition, where one agent recognizes the goals or intentions of another, can be a powerful tool for effective teamwork and improving interaction between agents. Such reasoning can be challenging to perform, however, because observations of an agent can be unreliable and, often, an agent does not have access to the reasoning processes and mental models of the other agent. Despite this difficulty, recent work has made great strides in addressing these challenges.</p> <p>In particular, two Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based approaches to goal recognition have recently been shown to perform well: goal recognition as planning, which reduces a goal recognition problem to the problem of plan generation; and Combinatory Categorical Grammars (CCGs), which treat goal recognition as a parsing problem. Additionally, new advances in cognitive science with respect to Theory of Mind reasoning have yielded an approach to goal recognition that leverages analogy in its decision making.</p> <p>However, there is still much unknown about the potential and limitations of these approaches, especially with respect to one another. Here, we explore this space and compare three state-of-the-art approaches to goal recognition along two different axes: reliability of observations and inspectability of the other agent's mental model. Overall, we show that no approach dominates across all cases and discuss the relative strengths and weaknesses of these approaches. Scientists interested in goal recognition problems can use this knowledge as a guide to select the correct starting point for their specific domains and tasks.</p> <p> Research Topic: Advances in Goal, Plan and Activity Recognition</p>
Data and code for "Meeting U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Goals with the International Air Pollution Provision of the Clean Air Act"
<p>For the files and data associated with the Yuan et al. 2022 "Meeting U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Goals with the International Air Pollution Provision of the Clean Air Act"</p> <p>Description: Data/code used in energy-economic impacts and health impacts analysis.</p> <p>Directory contents:</p> <p><strong>Energy Economic Impacts</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Code </strong>used for producing figures and data tables <ul> <li>'paperFigs_March2022.Rmd' contains the R code used for data analysis and visualization in the paper. (<em>The code runs with R v4.0.0, RStudio v1.4.1106, and the following packages: scales_1.1.1, ggpubr_0.4.0, cowplot_1.1.0, readxl_1.3.1, here_0.1, forcats_0.5.0, stringr_1.4.0, dplyr_1.0.4, purrr_0.3.4, readr_1.3.1, tidyr_1.1.0, tibble_3.0.6, ggplot2_3.3.4, and tidyverse_1.3.0.</em>)</li> <li>'ERL_Figure4.py' contains the Python code used for generating Figure 4 in the paper</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>Table</strong>: data tables for figures in the paper and supplementary materials</li> <li><strong>Figure</strong>: figures in the paper and supplementary materials</li> <li><strong>Data</strong>: USREP-ReEDS results and data from other sources <ul> <li>'rrpt_subset.csv' contains the portions of the ReEDS output from February 26, 2021 that are necessary to create the figures in the paper.</li> <li>'urpt_subset.csv' contains the portions of the USREP output from February 26, 2021 that are necessary to create the figures in the paper.</li> <li>'urpt_welfare_subset.csv' contains more detailed USREP welfare output from February 26, 2021.</li> <li>'cooper_pop_proj.csv' contains U.S. population projections from the University of Virginia Weldon Cooper Center for Public Service published in 2018.</li> <li>'carbon_price_comparison.csv' contains data from other recent carbon pricing studies, as described in supplementary materials G.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Health Impacts</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>analysis</strong>: <ul> <li><strong>lib</strong>: annotated code library, which loads raw data from the root data folder and conducts health impacts analysis</li> <li><strong>data</strong>: outputs <ul> <li><strong>inmap</strong>: spatial inputs/outputs for inmap</li> <li><strong>working</strong>: intermediate procssed output files</li> <li><strong>final</strong>: final health impacts results</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>data</strong>: raw data used in analysis <ul> <li><strong>working</strong>: processed intermediate raw data for faster loading in R</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
CardSort data for treatment features and goals for aortic stenosis
<p>Background: Guidelines recommend including the patient's values and preferences when choosing treatment for severe aortic stenosis (sAS). However, little is known about what matters most to patients as they develop treatment preferences. Our objective was to identify, prioritize, and organize patient-reported goals and features of treatment for sAS.</p> <p>Results: 51 adults with sAS and 3 caregivers with experience choosing treatment (age 36-92 years) were included. Participants were referred from multiple health centers across the U.S. and online. Eight nominal group meetings generated 32 unique treatment goals and 46 treatment features, which were grouped into 10 clusters of goals and 11 clusters of features. The most important clusters were: 1) trust in the healthcare team, 2) having good information about options, and 3) long-term outlook. Other clusters addressed the need for and urgency of treatment, being independent and active, overall health, quality of life, family and friends, recovery, homecare, and the process of decision-making.</p> <p>Conclusions: These patient-reported items addressed the impact of the treatment decision on the lives of patients and their families from the time of decision-making through recovery, homecare, and beyond. Many attributes had not been previously reported for sAS. The goals and features that patients' value, and the relative importance that they attach to them, differ from those reported in clinical trials and vary substantially from one individual to another. These findings are being used to design a shared decision-making tool to help patients and their clinicians choose a treatment that aligns with the patients' priorities.</p>
Data for 'Vast ecosystem disturbance in a warming climate may jeopardize our climate goal of reducing CO2: a case study for the megafires in Australian 'Black Summer''
<p>These data support the manuscript 'Vast ecosystem disturbance in a warming climate may jeopardize our climate goal of reducing CO2 a case study for the megafires in Australian ‘Black Summer'', including megafire CO2 emissions in Australian 'Black Summer' estimated by BBM model and a top-down method. The delta RF simulations by GEOS-Chem RRTMG are also contained. In each separate folder there is a README.txt file as a user's guide. The methodology for deriving the datasets and more information can be found in the manuscript and SI.</p>
Cognitive experience alters cortical involvement in goal-directed navigation
<p><span>Neural activity in the mammalian cortex has been studied extensively during decision tasks, and recent work aims to identify under what conditions cortex is actually necessary for these tasks. We studied whether cognitive experience, beyond sensory or motor learning, affects cortical involvement in goal-directed navigation. To this aim, we first trained different cohorts of mice on either a simple goal-directed navigation task ("simple task"), or one of two complex tasks involving delay periods ("delay task") or rule reversals ("switching task") in virtual reality. After task learning, we optogenetically inhibited various cortical areas on a subset of trials while mice performed a given task to assess the necessity of each area for task performance. We found overall minor cortical necessity for the simple task, but large necessity of cortical association areas (specifically of posterior parietal cortex and retrosplenial cortex) for each complex task. We then permanently transitioned mice with complex task experience to the simple task, again inhibiting cortical areas on a subset of trials. Crucially, we found that these mice heavily relied on cortical association areas for simple task performance, unlike mice without prior complex task experience. Therefore, past experience is a key factor in determining whether cortical areas have a causal role in goal-directed navigation.</span></p> <p><span>In this dataset, we include both behavioral data for the initial task training period, as well as behavioral data for all subsequent optogenetic inhibition experiments. Details about the data structure are available in the accompanying Readme.txt files. </span></p>
Dataset underlying the Report of the Publication Analysis GOAL
<p>The swissuniversities-funded project GOAL (Unlocking the Green Open Access PotentiaL in scholarly and professional journals in Switzerland) aims to negotiate second publication policies with editors of practice-oriented journals, which are central for members of universities of applied sciences and universities of teacher education. As a first step, an analysis of the publication output of the largest universities of applied sciences and universities of teacher education in Switzerland for the years 2017-2021 was carried out to find out in which journals they publish most frequently. The data set complements the results of the publication analysis already prepared and published in 2020 as part of the OA-EASI project (Open Access for Educational and Applied Sciences).</p>
How to change your linguistic habits? Set your goals
<p>The animation presents an imaginary day of a person, who plans ahead in order to use her own language in different situations. It is a matter of goal setting.</p> <p>Credits - concept art: Réka Kassay. Animation: Judith Vicsi, Bence Orosz. Graphics: Éva Páncél. Narration text: Erika Keszeg, Tibor Toró.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.