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Fig. 6. Bayesian phylogenetic tree obtained with the 18S rRNA and 28S in New record and new species of Laubierpholoe Pettibone, 1992 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from the soft bottom of submarine caves near Marseille (Mediterranean Sea) with discussion on phylogeny and ecology of the genus
Fig. 6. Bayesian phylogenetic tree obtained with the 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA concatenated dataset showing position of Laubierpholoe massiliana Zhadan sp. nov. within Sigalionidae Kinberg, 1856. Posterior probabilities and bootstrap values are shown for each medium supported node.
Fig. 3 in New record and new species of Laubierpholoe Pettibone, 1992 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from the soft bottom of submarine caves near Marseille (Mediterranean Sea) with discussion on phylogeny and ecology of the genus
Fig. 3. Laubierpholoe massiliana Zhadan sp. nov., SEM. A. ZMMSU WS12292, general view. B. ZMMSU WS14001, general view, elytra omitted. C. ZMMSU WS13977, elytra. D. ZMMSU WS14001, anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, dorso-anterior view. F. ZMMSU WS16511, anterior end, dorso-anterior view, median antenna broken. G. ZMMSU WS16511, dorso-anterior view. Abbreviations: ah = anterior horns; dtc = dorsal tentacular cirrus; e = elytrophores; ma = median antenna; ne = neuropodium; no = notopodium; p = prostomium; pa = palp; ph = pharynx; vbc = ventral buccal cirrus; vtc = ventral tentacular cirrus. Arrows indicate papillae.
FIGURE 2 in New species of Pisionidens (Sigalionidae, Annelida) from Akumal, México
FIGURE 2. SEM images of Pisionidens ixazaluohae n. sp. (A) Anterior end with pharynx, appendages, and first segments; dorsal view. (B) Anterior end with details of pharynx; anterior view. (C) Anterior body-segments; lateral view. (D) Details of parapodia and cirri; lateral view. (E) Midbody segments of male with ventral pores and copulatory organ. (F) Posterior segments and pygidium with pygidial cirri; ventral view. (G) Midbody segments with copulatory organs; ventral view. (H) Details of male copulatory organ; ventro-lateral view. Abbreviations: ant, antennae; ci, cilia; co, copulatory organ; dc, dorsal cirrus; dp, distal process; gl, glands; lpf, lateral pore fields; mvp, midventral pore; pa, palps; pap, papillae; pc, pygidial cirrus; pha, pharynx; pp, parapodia; sdp, subdistal process; vc, ventral cirrus. Segments indicated by roman numerals.
FIGURE 1 in New species of Pisionidens (Sigalionidae, Annelida) from Akumal, México
FIGURE 1. Light microscopy images of Pisionidens ixazaluohae n. sp. (A) Whole specimen. (B) Anterior end, details of eyes. (C) Details of jaws. (D) Details of a midbody parapodia. Abbreviations: an, anterior; dc, dorsal cirri; ey, eye; gl, glands; jw, jaws; nac, neuroacicula; po, posterior; vc, ventral cirrus. Segments indicated by roman numerals.
Figure 3 in Reinstatement of Ehlersileanira simplex (Ehlers, 1887) comb. nov. reinst., distinct from E. incisa (Grube, 1877) (Annelida: Sigalionidae), with a key to all the species of Ehlersileanira
Figure 3. Ehlersileanira incisa, non-type specimen (UMML 6504–259): (a) segment 22, anterior view; (b) drawing of a (chaetae omitted); (c) segment 22, posterior view; (d) drawing of c (chaetae omitted); (e) diagrammatic end view of same; (f) notochaeta, same; (g) detail of f; (h) compound supra-acicular neurochaeta, same; (i) compound infra-acicular neurochaeta, same; (j) simple neurochaeta, same; (k) diagrammatic of elytron from median segment; (l) elytron from median segment. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML22.1090): (m) segment 21, anterior view; (n) drawing of m (chaetae omitted); (o) segment 21, posterior view; (p) drawing of o (chaetae omitted); (q) diagrammatic end view of same; (r) notochaeta, same; (s) compound supra-acicular neurochaeta, same; (t) compound infra-acicular neurochaeta, same; (u) simple neurochaeta, same. Non-type specimen (UMML 6518–576, Florida, same length as UMML 22.1090): (v) diagrammatic of elytron from median segment; (w) elytron from median segment. Scale bars: a–e, m–q, v, w = 500 µm; f = 200 µm; g–j, r–u = 100 µm; k, l = 1 mm. Abbreviations: al: anterior lower lobe; as: anterior side; au: anterior upper lobe; pl: posterior lower lobe; ps: posterior side; pu: posterior upper lobe.
Figure 4 in Reinstatement of Ehlersileanira simplex (Ehlers, 1887) comb. nov. reinst., distinct from E. incisa (Grube, 1877) (Annelida: Sigalionidae), with a key to all the species of Ehlersileanira
Figure 4. Ehlersileanira incisa, non-type specimen (UMML 6504–259, largest specimen, same vial): (a) incomplete specimen, posterior segments damaged, dorsal view; (b) prostomium, dorsal view; (c) drawing of prostomium, dorsal view; (d) right branchia from anterior segment, arrow indicates branchia; (e) right branchia from median segment, arrow indicates branchia; (f) right branchia from posterior segment, arrow indicates branchia; (g) ctenidia pads from posterior segments, arrow indicates a ctenidium pad; (h) posterior segments, ventral view, arrows indicate tubular segmental papillae, asterisks indicate secondary tubular segmental papilla; (i) elytron from posterior segment; (j) diagrammatic of i. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML 6525–656): (k) incomplete specimen, posterior segments damaged, dorsal view; (l) prostomium, dorsal view; (m) drawing of prostomium, dorsal view, distal article on median antenna lost; (n) right branchia from anterior segment, arrow indicates branchia; (o) right branchia from median segment, arrow indicates branchia; (p) right branchia from posterior segment, arrow indicates branchia; (q) posterior segments, ventral view, arrow indicates tubular segmental papillae, asterisk indicates secondary tubular segmental papilla. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML 6806–762): (r) elytron from posterior segment; (s) diagrammatic of r. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML 6802–619): (t) prostomium with faded eyes, dorsal view. Scale bars: a, k = 1 cm; b, c, i, j, l, m, r, s = 1 mm; d–h, n–q, t = 500 µm. Abbreviations: au: auricles; ds: distal style; dtc: dorsal tentacular cirrus; lan: lateral antenna; man: median antenna; nuo: nuchal organ; pa: palp.
Figure 2 in Reinstatement of Ehlersileanira simplex (Ehlers, 1887) comb. nov. reinst., distinct from E. incisa (Grube, 1877) (Annelida: Sigalionidae), with a key to all the species of Ehlersileanira
Figure 2. Ehlersileanira incisa, non-type specimen (UMML 6504–259): (a) segment 4, anterior view; (b) drawing of a (chaetae omitted); (c) segment 4, posterior view; (d) drawing of c (chaetae omitted); (e) diagrammatic end view of same; (f) elyron from same; (g) diagrammatic of same. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML 22.1090): (h) segment 4, anterior view; (i) drawing of h (chaetae omitted); (j) segment 4, posterior view; (k) drawing of j (chaetae omitted); (l) diagrammatic end view of same. Non-type specimen (UMML 6518–576): (m) elytron from segment 4, anterior and posterior margins bent; (n) diagrammatic of same. Scale bars: 500 µm. Abbreviations: al: anterior lower lobe; as: anterior side; au: anterior upper lobe; pl: posterior lower lobe; ps: posterior side; pu: posterior upper lobe.
Figure 1 in Reinstatement of Ehlersileanira simplex (Ehlers, 1887) comb. nov. reinst., distinct from E. incisa (Grube, 1877) (Annelida: Sigalionidae), with a key to all the species of Ehlersileanira
Figure 1. Ehlersileanira incisa, non-type specimen (UMML 6504–259): (a) anterior first segments, dorsal view; (b) prostomium, dorsal view; (c) median antenna, close-up; (d) drawing of prostomium, dorsal view; (e) anterior first segments, ventral view; (f) facial tubercle, close-up; (g) drawing of prostomium, ventral view. Ehlersileanira simplex, non-type specimen (UMML 22.1090): (h) anterior first segments, dorsal view; (i) prostomium, dorsal view of prostomium; (j) median antenna, close-up; (k) drawing of prostomium, dorsal view; (l) anterior first segment, ventral view; (m) facial tubercle, close-up; (n) drawing of prostomium, ventral view. Scale bars: a, h = 5 mm; b, e, d, g, i, l, k and n = 2 mm; c, f, j and m = 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: au: auricles; buc: buccal cirrus; ce: ceratophore; ds: distal style; dtc: dorsal tentacular cirrus; ft: facial tubercle; ipas: inner palpal sheath; lan: lateral antenna; man: median antenna; nuo: nuchal organ; opas: outer palpal sheath; pa: palp; vtc: ventral tentacular cirrus.
FIGURE 9. Neoleanira solitaria n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 9. Neoleanira solitaria n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14415). A. SEM image from segment 34, anterior view, arrowhead indicates ventral ctenidium. B. Upper fusiform spinous neurochaetae. C. Close-up to the surface of same. D. Notochaetae. E. Upper group neurochaeta. Scale bars: A: 200 µm, B, E: 50 µm, C: 20 µm, D: 10 µm.
FIGURE 6. Neoleanira solitaria n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 6. Neoleanira solitaria n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14415). A. Incomplete specimen. B. Median right elytron. C. SEM image from same, marginal fimbriae. D. Posterior left elytron. E. Drawing of anterior end, dorsal view. F. Drawing of anterior end, ventral view. Abbreviations: au= auricle, ct= ctenidia, dc= dorsal cirrus, dtc= dorsal tentacular cirrus, ipas= inner palpal sheath, itl= inner tentacular lobe, lan= lateral antenna, man= median antenna, opas= outer palpal sheath, pa= palp, vtc= ventral tentacular cirrus. Scale bars: A: 5 mm, B, D: 200 µm, C: 50 µm, E, F: 1 mm.
FIGURE 8. Neoleanira solitaria n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 8. Neoleanira solitaria n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14415). A. Drawing of parapodium from segment 21, anterior view. B. Drawing of same, posterior view. C. Diagrammatic of same, lateral view, color lines indicate the insertion of neurochaetal groups, color scheme following that shown in F. D. Interramal section of segment 21, anterior view, arrowhead indicates the spine inserted in neuropodium. E. Parapodium from segment 21, anterior view, inset: close-up of notochaetae. F. Neurochaetae from segment 21. G. Simple fusiform spinous neurochaetae from segment 33. Abbreviations: S1= lower middle group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC= middle group, UD= lowest group. Scale bars: A–C: no scale, D, F, G= 50 µm, E: 200 µm.
FIGURE 5. Sthenolepis ruffi n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 5. Sthenolepis ruffi n. sp. SEM images of paratypes (LACM-AHF-Poly 14403 and 14404). A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, frontal view. C. Anterior end, ventral view. D. Posterior end, pygidium. E. Parapodia from median segments. F. Notochaetae from same. G. Ventral ctenidium. H. Neurochaetae, upper group. Abbreviations: an= anus, au= auricle, br= branchia, ct= ctenidia, dtu= dorsal tubercle, dtc= dorsal tentacular cirrus, ipas= inner palpal sheath, itl= inner tentacular lobe, lan= lateral antenna, man= median antenna, mo= mouth, opas= outer palpal sheath, pa= palp, st= stylode, vc= ventral cirrus, vtc= ventral tentacular cirrus. Scale bars: A–E: 100 µm, F: 10 µm, G: 50 µm, H: 20 µm.
FIGURE 3. Sthenolepis ruffi n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 3. Sthenolepis ruffi n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14396). A. Complete specimen, inset: 1st right elytron, medium right elytron, posterior right elytron, and pygidium, ventral view. B. Drawing of anterior end, dorsal view. C. Drawing of anterior end, ventral view. D. Neurochaetae from segment 3. E. Parapodium from segment 3, anterior view, inset: close-up of notochaetae from lower and upper position. Abbreviations: au= auricle, ct= ctenidia, dtu= dorsal tubercle, dtc= dorsal tentacular cirrus, ftu= facial tubercle, ipas= inner palpal sheath, itl= inner tentacular lobe, lan= lateral antenna, man= median antenna, opas= outer palpal sheath, pa= palp, S1= lower middle group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC= middle group, UD= lowest group. Scale bars: A: 5 mm, B, C: 1 mm, D: 50 µm, E: 200 µm.
FIGURE 2. Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald 1972 in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 2. Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald 1972. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 1053). A. Drawing of parapodium from segment 20, anterior view. B. Drawing of same, posterior view. C. Diagrammatic of same, lateral view, color lines indicate the insertion of neurochaetal groups, color scheme following that shown in D. D. Neurochaetae from segment 20, inset: close-up of the distal margin of upper group handle. E. Parapodium from segment 20, anterior view, inset: close-up of a notochaeta. Abbreviations: as= anterior side; ps= posterior side. S1= lower middle group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC= middle group, UD= lowest group. Scale bars: A–C: no scale, D: 50 µm, E: 200 µm.
FIGURE 1. Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972 in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 1. Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 1053). A. Incomplete specimen, inset: closeup of stylodes emerging from the posterior surface on posterior segments. B. Drawing of anterior end, dorsal view. C. Drawing of anterior end, ventral view. D. Neurochaetae from segment 3. E. Parapodium from segment 3, anterior view, inset: close-up of a notochaeta. Abbreviations: au= auricle, ct= ctenidia, dtu= dorsal tubercle, dtc= dorsal tentacular cirrus, ftu= facial tubercle, ipas= inner palpal sheath, itl= inner tentacular lobe, lan= lateral antenna, man= median antenna, opas= outer palpal sheath, pa= palp, S1= lower middle group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC=middle group, UD= lowest group, vtc= ventral tentacular cirrus. Scales bars: A, B, C: 1 mm, D: 50 µm, E: 200 µm.
FIGURE 4. Sthenolepis ruffi n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 4. Sthenolepis ruffi n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14396). A. Drawing of parapodium from segment 20, anterior view. B. Drawing of same, posterior view. C. Diagrammatic of same, lateral view, color lines indicate the insertion of neurochaetal groups, color scheme following that shown in E. D. Parapodium from segment 20, anterior view, inset: close-up of notochaetae. E. Neurochaetae from segment 20. S1= lower middle group, S2= lower group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC= middle group, UD= lowest group. Scale bars: A–C: no scale, D: 200 µm, E: 50 µm.
FIGURE 7. Neoleanira solitaria n in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
FIGURE 7. Neoleanira solitaria n. sp. Holotype (LACM-AHF-Poly 14415). A. Parapodium from segment 3, anterior view, inset: close-up of notochaetae, arrowhead indicates dorsal cirrus. B. Neurochaetae from segment 3. Abbreviations: S1= lower middle group, UA= upper group, UB= upper middle group, UC= middle group, UD= lowest group. Scale bars: A: 200 µm, B: 50 µm.
TABLE 2 in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
<p><b>TABLE 2.</b> Comparative table of the valid species of <i>Neoleanira</i> Pettibone, 1970b (Read & Fauchald 2024), including the geographical and bathymetrical distribution. The number of times in sizes relationships between wide and length is given by ‘×’.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><i>N. areolata</i> (McIntosh, 1885)</th><th><i>N. magellanica</i> (McIntosh, 1885)</th><th><i>N. racemosa</i> (Fauchald, 1972)</th><th><i>N. tetragona</i> (Örsted, 1845)</th><th><i>N. solitaria</i> <b>n. sp.</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Type locality</th><td>South of Yedo, Japan San Nicolas Basin, California (synonym <i>Leanira calcis</i>)</td><td>Off little Wellington Island, Chile</td><td>Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California, Mexico</td><td>Christianiafjord, Norway</td><td>W of Farallon Islands, California, USA</td></tr><tr><th>Depth (m)</th><td>280–1,370</td><td>485–675</td><td>1,774–2,900</td><td>40–2,200</td><td>2,560</td></tr><tr><th>Median antenna style size compared to its ceratophore</th><td>5–7× as long</td><td>8× as long</td><td>–</td><td>6× as long</td><td>8× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Lateral antennae style size compared to prostomium</th><td>2× as long</td><td>3× as long</td><td>Shorter</td><td>1.5× as long</td><td>2× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Auricle size compared to median ceratophore</th><td>¼× as long</td><td>½× as long</td><td>½× as long</td><td>1/3× as long</td><td>1/3× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Palps size (reach segment)</th><td>Segment 19</td><td>Segment 30</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 20</td><td>Segment 20</td></tr><tr><th>Tentacular cirri size compared to parapodia</th><td>4× as long</td><td>5× as long</td><td>Similar length</td><td>Slightly longer</td><td>3× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Size of dorsal cirrus from segment 3 compared to the parapodia</th><td>Slightly longer</td><td>As long as parapodium</td><td>Slightly longer</td><td>Similar</td><td>Slightly longer</td></tr><tr><th>Simple chaetae in posterior neuropodia</th><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Present</td></tr><tr><th>Neurochaetae canaliculate</th><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Absent</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td></tr><tr><th>Neurochaetal handles (distal section)</th><td>Subdistal spines</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Distal spines</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Subdistal and distal spines</td></tr><tr><th>First branchiae</th><td>Segment 6</td><td>Segment 7</td><td>Segment 2</td><td>Segment 6</td><td>Segment 2</td></tr><tr><th>First ctenidial pads</th><td>Segment 6</td><td>Segment 7</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 6</td><td>Segment 1</td></tr><tr><th>Branchiae with a spurlike process</th><td>Present</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td></tr><tr><th>Ventral ctenidia</th><td>Boot-shaped</td><td>Clavate</td><td>–</td><td>Clavate</td><td>Boot-shaped</td></tr><tr><th>Elytral surface/Margin</th><td>Smooth/Fimbriae</td><td>Granular/Smooth</td><td>–</td><td>Smooth/Fimbriae</td><td>Smooth/Fimbriae</td></tr><tr><th>Reference</th><td>McIntosh 1885; Hartman 1960; Pettibone 1970b; Imajima 2003</td><td>McIntosh 1885; Pettibone 1970b</td><td>Fauchald 1972; Pettibone 1989</td><td>Örsted 1845; Pettibone 1970b</td><td>This study</td></tr></tbody></table>
TABLE 1 in Description of new species of deep water Sthenolepis Willey, 1905 and Neoleanira Pettibone, 1970 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from off Northern California, with the redescription of Sthenolepis spargens Fauchald, 1972
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Comparative table of the valid species of <i>Sthenolepis</i> Willey, 1905 (Read & Fauchald 2024), including the geographical and bathymetrical distribution. The number of times in sizes relationships between wide and length is given by ‘×’.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><i>S. fimbriarum</i> (Hartman, 1939)</th><th><i>S. grubei</i> (Treadwell, 1901)</th><th><i>S. Japonica</i> (McIntosh, 1885)</th><th><i>S. Javanica</i> (Horst, 1917)</th><th><i>S. kuekenthali</i> Augener, 1922</th><th><i>S. melanocephala</i> (Horst, 1917)</th><th><i>S. oculata</i> (Hartman, 1942)</th><th><i>S. spargens</i> Fauchald, 1972</th><th><i>Leanira izuensis</i> Takahashi, 1938</th><th><i>Leanira vulturis</i> Horst, 1917</th><th><i>S. ruffi</i> <b>n. sp.</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Type locality</th><td>Escondido Bay, off Carmen Island, Baja California, Mexico</td><td>Puerto Rico</td><td>Kobe, Japan</td><td>N coast of Java</td><td>Kingston, Jamaica</td><td>Molo Strait, Indonesia</td><td>Off Cayo Fragoso, Cuba</td><td>Mazatlán, Mexico</td><td>Izu Peninsula, Japan</td><td>Makassar, Indonesia</td><td>W of Farallon Islands, California, USA</td></tr><tr><th>Depth (m)</th><td>Shore–18.2</td><td>1</td><td>91.4</td><td>330</td><td>–</td><td>69–91</td><td>438</td><td>1,750–3,400</td><td>30–130</td><td>30.6–56</td><td>2,350–3,253</td></tr><tr><th>Median antenna style size compared to prostomium</th><td>Slightly longer</td><td>Shorter</td><td>2× as long</td><td>4× as long</td><td>–</td><td>Slightly longer</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>Slightly longer, biarticulate</td><td>Half as long, biarticulate</td><td>4× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Auricle size compared to median ceratophore</th><td>Similar length</td><td>Slightly larger</td><td>½ as long</td><td>Similar length</td><td>–</td><td>Similar length</td><td>½ as long</td><td>½ as long</td><td>Similar length</td><td>½ as long</td><td>½ as long</td></tr><tr><th>Eyes</th><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Absent</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Present</td><td>Absent</td></tr><tr><th>Palps size (reach segment)</th><td>–</td><td>Segment 9</td><td>Approx. Segment 16</td><td>Segment 10</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 12</td><td>Segment 13</td><td>Segment 20</td><td>Segment 14</td><td>Approx. Segment 18</td><td>Segment 12</td></tr><tr><th>Tentacular cirri size compared to parapodia</th><td>Similar</td><td>–</td><td>Slightly longer</td><td>2× as long</td><td>–</td><td>3× as long</td><td>–</td><td>12× as long</td><td>Slightly longer</td><td>6× as long</td><td>5× as long</td></tr><tr><th>Neurochaetae canaliculate</th><td>Absent</td><td>Absent</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present</td><td>Present, may be absent in lowest neurochaetae</td></tr><tr><th>Neurochaetal handles (distal section)</th><td>Slightly spinose</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Subdistal tooth</td><td>–</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Enlarged subdistal tooth</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Small subdistal tooth</td></tr><tr><th>First branchiae</th><td>Segment 7</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 5</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 5</td><td>–</td><td>Segment 2</td><td>Segment 13</td><td>Segment 13</td><td>Segment 2</td></tr><tr><th>Elytral surface/</th><td>Smooth/</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>Granular/</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>Granular/Smooth</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>–</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>Smooth/</td><td>Smooth/</td></tr><tr><th>Margin</th><td>Fimbriae</td><td>Fimbriae</td><td>Fimbriae</td><td>Fimbriae</td><td>Anterior ones with fimbriae, posterior ones smooth</td><td></td><td>Smooth</td><td></td><td>Smooth</td><td>Smooth</td><td>Smooth</td></tr><tr><th>Reference</th><td>Hartman 1939</td><td>Treadwell 1901</td><td>McIntosh, 1885; Uschakov & Wu 1959; Imajima 1997</td><td>Horst 1917</td><td>Augener 1922</td><td>Horst 1917</td><td>Hartman 1942</td><td>Fauchald 1972; this study</td><td>Takahashi 1938</td><td>Horst 1917</td><td>This study</td></tr></tbody></table><p><i>Sthenolepis gracilior</i> Augener, 1927 was deliberately kept out of this table due to the lack of morphological details in the original description, which may agree or disagree with <i>Sthenolepis</i> but to other morphologically close genera such as <i>Horstileanira</i> or <i>Labiosthenolepis</i>. Currently, <i>Leanira izuensis</i> and <i>L. vulturis</i> are junior synonyms of <i>Ehlersileanira incisa</i> (Grube, 1877); however, here they are considered in the table due to the past combination under the genus-group name <i>Sthenolepis</i> and the current unclear specific status (Hartman 1965; Cruz-Gomez 2022b).</p>
Figure 1 in New polychaete (Annelida) records and a new species from Hong Kong: the families Polynoidae, Sigalionidae, Chrysopetalidae, Pilargiidae, Nereididae, Opheliidae, Ampharetidae and Terebellidae
Figure 1. Sigambra papagayu sp. nov., holotype: A, anterior end, dorsal; B, anterior end, ventral; C, pygidium, dorsal; D, 40th parapodium; E, detail of, from left to right, serrate capillary neurochaeta, pectinate chaeta and tip of neuroaciculum. Scale line51 mm for A to C, 0.3 mm for D.
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