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2,318 results for “Synthesis”
Synthesis data for manuscript: Global stocks and capacity of mineral-associated soil organic carbon
<p>Supporting synthesis data for manuscript: Georgiou K., Jackson R. B., Vindušková O., Abramoff R. Z., Ahlström A., Feng W., Harden J. W., Pellegrini A. F. A., Polley H. W., Soong J. L., Riley W. J., Torn M. S. Global stocks and capacity of mineral-associated soil organic carbon. <em>Nature Communications</em>, 2022.</p> <p>We performed an observational synthesis of soil fractionation data constituting 1,144 globally-distributed soil profiles from 78 studies that reported fractionation and bulk measurements of organic carbon across depths. This dataset includes measurements of mineral-associated, particulate, and bulk soil organic carbon, as well as ancillary data on edaphic, climate, and vegetation characteristics. We also performed a separate observational synthesis of soil carbon accrual from manipulation and chronosequence studies, which included changes in carbon stocks or concentrations, bulk density, experimental duration, and edaphic properties. This latter synthesis included 103 observations from 34 studies that spanned crop, pasture, grassland, and forest ecosystems across climates and soil types. Further details for both syntheses can be found in the methods and supplementary materials of the associated manuscript.</p>
Megalo-Cavitands: Synthesis of Acridane[4]arenes and Formation of Large, Deep Cavitands for Selective C70 Uptake
<p>Data underlying the figures in the publication “Megalo-Cavitands: Synthesis of Acridane[4]arenes and Formation of Large, Deep Cavitands for Selective C70 Uptake”, published in <em>Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.</em> <strong>2022</strong>, <em>61</em>, e202209885. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202209885">https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202209885</a></p>
Raw data for the article entitled "Facile Solution Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of n- and p-Type Binary and Ternary Bi–Sb Tellurides"
<p>Raw data for the plots in the open access article "Facile Solution Synthesis, Processing and Characterization of n- and p-Type Binary and Ternary Bi–Sb Tellurides"</p>
Data and code accompanying: A quantitative synthesis of and predictive framework for studying winter warming effects in reptiles
<p>This data and code were used to generate the publication "A quantitative synthesis of and predictive framework for studying winter warming effects in reptiles", doi: 10.1007/s00442-022-05251-3</p> <p>Please direct any queries or requests to use these datasets/code to: k.macleod@bangor.ac.uk</p> <p>Two datasets are presented in separate excel files: one contains meta-analytical data from experimental studies on winter warming effects on reptiles, and the other contains the same type of data from observational studies on the same.</p> <p>R code for analysis is in an R file; this should be openable in any text editing application.</p> <p>Manuscript abstract below:</p> <p><em>Increases in temperature related to global warming have important implications for organismal fitness. For ectotherms inhabiting temperate regions, ‘winter warming’ is likely to be a key source of the thermal variation experienced in future years. Studies focusing on the active season predict largely positive responses to warming in the reptiles; however, overlooking potentially deleterious consequences of warming during the inactive season could lead to biased assessments of climate change vulnerability. Here, we review the overwinter ecology of reptiles, and test specific predictions about the effects of warming winters, by performing a meta-analysis of all studies testing winter warming effects on reptile traits to date. We collated information from observational studies measuring responses to natural variation in temperature in more than one winter season, and experimental studies which manipulated ambient temperature during the winter season. Available evidence supports that most reptiles will advance phenologies with rising winter temperatures, which could positively affect fitness by prolonging the active season although effects of these shifts are poorly understood. Conversely, evidence for shifts in survivorship and body condition in response to warming winters was equivocal, with disruptions to biological rhythms potentially leading to unforeseen fitness ramifications. Our results suggest that the effects of warming winters on reptile species are likely to be important but highlight the need for more data and greater integration of experimental and observational approaches. To improve future understanding, we recap major knowledge gaps in the published literature of winter warming effects in reptiles and outline a framework for future research.</em></p>
A global synthesis of high-resolution stable isotope data from benthic foraminifera of the last deglaciation
<p>In paleoceanography, carbon and oxygen stable isotope ratios from benthic foraminifera are used as tracers of physical and biogeochemical properties of the deep ocean. We present the first version of the Ocean Carbon Cycling working group database, of stable isotope ratios of oxygen and carbon from benthic foraminifera from deep ocean sediment cores from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23-20 ky before present (BP)) to the Holocene (<10 ky BP) with a particular focus on the early last deglaciation (20-15 ky BP). It includes 287 globally distributed coring sites, with metadata, isotopic and chronostratigraphic information, and age models. A quality check was performed for all data and age models. Sites with at least millennial resolution were preferred, because the main goal is to resolve ocean changes associated with the last deglaciation on at least millennial timescales. Software tools were produced to access and analyze the data, and are included with this publication. Deep water mass structure as well as differences between the early deglaciation and LGM are captured by the data in the compilation, even though its coverage is still sparse in many ocean regions. We find high correlations among time series calculated with different age models at sites that allow such analysis. The database provides a useful dynamical approach to map physical and biogeochemical changes of the ocean throughout the last deglaciation.</p>
Data for a publication "Amino-Modified ZIF-8 for Enhanced CO2 Capture: Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation"
<p>Data for a publication "Amino-Modified ZIF-8 for Enhanced CO2 Capture: Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation".</p> <p><strong>Versions of dataset:</strong></p> <p><strong><span>V1: </span></strong><span>First dataset regarding the data used in the article.</span></p> <p><strong><span>V2:</span></strong><span> The dataset </span><span>was newly reorganized</span><span>, containing the </span><span>data,</span><span> that </span><span>were used</span><span> for the published article. </span><span>More information can be found</span><span> in the README file.</span></p> <p><strong>Article abstract</strong></p> <p>The urgent need for sustainable and innovative approaches to mitigate the increasing levels of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> necessitates the development of efficient methods for its removal. In this study, we focus on the new, innovative approach for synthesis and functionalization of metal-organic framework (MOF) ZIF-8 in one step at room temperature to enhance its capacity for CO<sub>2</sub> capture. Specifically, we investigated the impact of four amino-compounds, namely tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), hexadecylamine (HDA), <a title="Learn more about ethanolamine from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemical-engineering/ethanolamine">ethanolamine</a> (ELA), and cyclopropylamine (CPA), on the <a title="Learn more about chemical structure from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/materials-science/structure-composition">chemical structure</a>, size, surface area and porosity, and CO<sub>2</sub> capturing of ZIF-8 powder. By varying concentrations of the amino-compounds, we examined their influence on the ZIF-8 properties. Our findings demonstrate that each amino-compound and its respective concentration exhibit distinct effects on the characteristics of ZIF-8. Notably, the ZIF-8 sample functionalized with the highest presented concentration of TEPA exhibited significant improvement in CO<sub>2</sub> trapping efficiency, with a 33.3% enhancement. Moreover, least concentrated samples with added HDA or CPA demonstrated notable improvements with enhancements of 46.6% and 18.6%, respectively. These results highlight the potential of simple synthesis and functionalization techniques for MOFs in enhancing their CO<sub>2</sub> capture capabilities. The findings from this study offer new opportunities for the development of strategies to mitigate CO<sub>2</sub> emissions using MOFs.</p>
Synthesis of an anion receptor using 3,6-diaminophenanthrene as a scaffold
<p>1H and 13C NMR spectra for the compounds:</p> <ul> <li>2-iodo-4-nitrobenzoic acid (<strong>6</strong>)</li> <li>(2-iodo-4-nitrophenyl)methanol (<strong>7</strong>)</li> <li>2-iodo-4-nitrobenzaldehyde (<strong>8</strong>)</li> <li>5,5'-dinitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2,2'-dicarbaldehyde (<strong>9</strong>)</li> <li>3,6-dinitrophenanthrene (<strong>10</strong>)</li> <li>3,6-diaminophenanthrene (<strong>11</strong>)</li> <li>1,1'-(phenanthrene-3,6-diyl)bis(3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)urea) (<strong>13</strong>)</li> </ul> <p>MNOVA files for the compounds are provided, as well as the original files recorded on a 400MHz JEOL NMR spectrometer in jdf format.</p>
Population size, HIV prevalence, and antiretroviral therapy coverage among key populations in sub-Saharan Africa: collation and synthesis of survey data 2010-2023
<p>This dataset contains surveillance study estimates for population size, HIV prevalence, and ART coverage among female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID), and transgender men and women (TGM/W) from 2010-2023. It was created to support the UNAIDS Estimates Key Population Workbook for use by HIV estimates teams in sub-Saharan Africa. Key population surveillance reports, including Ministry of Health-led biobehavioural surveys, mapping studies, and academic studies were used to populate the database.</p> <p>The dataset was populated using existing key population size estimate databases including:</p> <ul> <li>UNAIDS Key Population Atlas</li> <li>US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention surveillance database</li> <li>Global Fund against HIV/AIDS, TB, and Malaria surveillance database</li> <li>Global.HIV database</li> <li>Systematic review databases among MSM (<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31601542/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stannah et al, 2019</a> and <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37453439/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stannah et al., 2023</a>) and PWID (<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36996857/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Degenhardt et al., 2023</a>)</li> </ul> <p><br>and was additionally supplemented by a literature review of peer-reviewed and grey literature sources.</p> <p>The data can be <a href="https://shiny.dide.ic.ac.uk/kp-data/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">explored in this web application</a> and the <a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.07.27.22278071v3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">accompanying manuscript can be found here</a></p>
An Automatic Neuroimaging Infrastructure For Synthesis and Analysis of Structural MRI Data
<p>We have designed, implemented and distributed a fully automatic neuroimaging infrastructure for the synthesis and analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The framework provides a concrete environment for the quantitative validation of various methods for the analysis of brain asymmetries, for comparisons of methods and measures of brain shape asymmetry, and possibly for clarifying contradicting neuroimaging findings of brain lateralizations.</p> <p>See <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/brainmorphorg/home">https://sites.google.com/site/brainmorphorg/home </a></p> <p>and </p> <p>A. Pepe, I. Dinov, and J. Tohka . An Automatic Framework for Quantitative Validation of Voxel Based Morphometry Measures of Anatomical Brain Asymmetry. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.029">NeuroImage , 100: 444 - 459, 2014</a><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.029"> </a></p> <p>for more information. </p>
Images associated to the paper "Evaluating the Sensitivity to Virtual Characters Facial Asymmetry in Emotion Synthesis"
<p>We conducted an experiment by presenting 64 pairs of static facial expressions, one symmetric and one asymmetric, illustrating eight emotions (three basic and five complex ones) alternatively for a male and a female character.<br> Each emotion was presented four times by swapping the symmetric and asymmetric positions and by mirroring the asymmetrical expression. Participants were asked to grade, on a continuous scale, the correctness of each facial expression with respect to a short definition</p>
Intensified, Kilogram-Scaled, and Environment-Friendly: Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Bio-Based Acylated Hydroxystyrenes
<p>Lignin-derived styrene derivatives are versatile building blocks for the manufacture of bio-based polymers. As shown previously, phenol-protected hydroxystyrenes are accessible under industrially-sound conditions (>100 g/L, >95% yield) by subjecting biogenic phenolic acids to enzymatic decarboxylation and base-catalyzed acylation in non-aqueous media (wet cyclopentyl methyl ether, CPME). Herein, we demonstrate the production of 1 kg of 4-acetoxy-3-methoxystyrene in a 10 L reactor and present practical adjustments to the up- and downstream processing that warrant a straightforward process and high isolated yields. Additionally, an environmental assessment is conducted, starting with a thorough E factor analysis to identify the sources that contribute most to the environmental burden (solvent and downstream processing). Also, the total CO2 production of the process is studied, including contributions from energy use and the treatment of generated wastes. The energy impact is evaluated through thermodynamic analysis, and the environmental footprint contributions by wastes – organic and aqueous fractions – are assessed based on CO2 emissions from solvent incineration and wastewater treatment, respectively. Overall, the holistic assessment of the process, its optimization, scale-up, product isolation, and environmental analysis indicate the feasibility of multi-step chemoenzymatic reactions to deliver high volume, low-value chemicals from biorefineries.</p>
Data for "A deamination-driven biocatalytic cascade for the synthesis of ribose-1-phosphate"
<p>This externally hosted dataset is for our work "A deamination-driven biocatalytic cascade for the synthesis of ribose-1-phosphate" (<a title="Link to landing page via DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC02955K">https://doi.org/10.1039/D4GC02955K</a>). It contains raw MS and NMR data and source data for all corresponding figures (when applicable) in the main manuscript and SI. </p> <p>The .zip file contains all three data sets (MS, NMR, and source data).</p> <p>This work builds on our previously published biocatalytic synthesis for ribose-1-phosphate (<a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcat.2018.07.028" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcat.2018.07.028</a>).</p> <p> </p>
Facile synthesis of CuxS electrocatalysts for CO2 conversion into formate and study of relations between Cu and S with the selectivity
<p>Datasets for figures provided in the manuscript main text.</p>
Codes to replicate statistical analysis in UPLIFT project Deliverable 2.4 Synthesis report, Chapter 6
<p>Policies attempting to mitigate the effects of urban inequality, often disregard affected citizens’ experiences, and thus fail to achieve maximum impact. By incorporating these perspectives into the policy design process, the project "Urban PoLicy Innovation to address inequality with and for Future generaTions" (UPLIFT), funded under the EU Horizon 2020 program aims to find innovative interventions in a bottom-up approach. The aims of UPLIFT project are to understand patterns and trends of inequality across Europe and to understand how individuals experience and adapt to inequality through participatory research. Moreover the project will together with the communities in four locations, co-design a policy tool aimed at addressing and reducing inequality and socio-economic divisions. The activity and results of the project can be followed at <a href="https://www.uplift-youth.eu/">https://www.uplift-youth.eu/</a>.</p> <p>Deliverable 2.4 (Synthesis report: socioeconomic inequalities in different urban contexts) is the final deliverable of work package 2 of the UPLIFT project, which aims to synthetize the main outcomes of the urban reports that described the policy environment around vulnerable individuals in the fields of education, employment and housing in 16 functional urban areas of the EU. In addition section 6.2 "Statistical analysis of linkages between economic development of cities, their public policy performance and inequality outcomes" of the report provides a statistical analysis of how local economic competitiveness and the local policy context affect urban deprivation and inequality among the young in European cities. The analysis is based on data from 2006, 2009, 2012, 2015 and 2019 of the Quality of Life in European Cities survey.</p>
Direct synthesis of a stable radical doped electrically conductive coordination polymer
<ul> <li><strong>Data type</strong>: Experimental spectroscopic measurements.</li> <li>Files are with filename extensions: <strong>DSC</strong>, <strong>DAT</strong>,<strong>txt</strong></li> <li>Information on <strong>origin of the data</strong>:</li> </ul> <ul> <li>EPR spectroscopic measurements with filename extensions <strong>DSC</strong>, <strong>DTA.</strong></li> <li>EPR spectra are exported as <strong>txt</strong> files in ASCII format.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>X-band CW-EPR spectroscopic measurements were generated by EMX spectrometer equipped with SHQ cavity produced by Bruker.</li> <li><strong>If the dataset includes multiple files that relate to each other:</strong> <ul> <li>Files in <strong>PARACAT_WP4_20220202_ULEI_01_ONDICathedral_RT </strong>folder includes X-band CW-EPR spectroscopic measurements; original data are in DTA/DSC and txt formats.</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>Information on</strong>: <ul> <li>specialized abbreviations: <strong>ONDICatechol– </strong>ONDI with Catechol, <strong>ONDIDMF– </strong>ONDI with DMF, <strong>ONDI_piperidine– </strong>ONDI with piperidine,<strong> ONDICdCl– </strong>ONDI with CdCl, <strong>ONDIDMSO– </strong>ONDI with DMSO.</li> <li>_RT– measured at 300 K</li> <li>definitions of variables: <strong>Magnetic field, Temperature.</strong></li> <li>units of measurement: <strong>Gauss (G), K, degree (°), milliTesla (mT)</strong>.</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Synthesis of Phenol-Tagged Ruthenium Alkylidene Olefin Metathesis Catalysts for Robust Immobilisation Inside Met-al-Organic Framework Support
<p>Data confirming the structure of the new compounds obtained within the project, published in <em>Catalysts</em> <strong>2023</strong>, <em>13</em>(2), 297; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020297">https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020297</a></p> <p>The research was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 860322 for the ITN-EJD “Coordination Chemistry Inspires Molecular Catalysis” (CCIMC) and by the National Science Centre, Poland (OPUS grant 2017/27/B/ST5/00941).</p>
Dataset for publication "Synthesis and physical characteristics of narrow bandgap chalcogenide SnZrSe3"
<p>This dataset contains underlying data of publication entitled "Synthesis and physical characteristics of narrow bandgap chalcogenide SnZrSe<sub>3</sub>"<span>. </span></p> <p>Data comprises: </p> <p>-Sample description.txt (synthesis conditions of the sample presented in the publication)</p> <p>-F1IS_V_6244.cif (crystallographic information file about SnZrSe<sub>3</sub> structure as determined by single-crystal XRD method).</p> <p>- XRD.zip (raw XRD patterns of powder samples presented in the publication in .ras and .raw formats).</p> <p>-Raman.zip (raw Raman spectra in .txt format and OriginPro project file where data was processed and plotted).</p> <p>-Optics.zip (raw diffuse reflectance data in .txt format and OriginPro project file where data was processed and plotted).</p> <p>-JV-T.zip (J-V curves at specific temperature in .txt format and OriginPro project files where data was processed and plotted).</p> <p>-Images.zip (optical photographs of the sample and untreated SEM images of SnZrSe3 crystals).</p> <p>-Extented data.pdf (additional information supporting claims in the publication with direct link to the main text, such as figures).</p>
Formation and cycling data for Na-ion batteries from high-throughput synthesis, coating, and assembly
<p>Formation and cycling data from a combinatorial/high-throughput upscaling process for the production and characterization of sodium-ion batteries. The process involves batch synthesis, screen printing of electrodes, robotic cell assembly, and battery cycling. The goal of this study was to test how fast a new chemistry (to the group) could be introduced into the workflow and if we are able to enhance efficiency, accuracy, and reproducibility. The cathode material, Na0.9[Cu0.22Fe0.30Mn0.48]O2, was synthesized through a solid-state reaction (Na2CO3 (purity 99.5 %), CuO (purity 99.7 %), Fe2O3 (purity 99.9 %) and Mn2O3 (purity 98 %) at 850°C for 15h) in a pressed pellet (10 MPa) that was ground up again to make a slurry. The electrodes were prepared using screen printing, which offers simplicity, low cost, and quick coating of large areas in a reproducible manner. The binder was sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to make the electrodes water processable in air. The assembled batteries utilized the synthesized cathode material and hard carbon as the anode, with a glass fiber separator and a 1M NaPF6 EC:EMC 3:7 with 2 wt% FEC electrolyte.</p>
Raw Data for the Article "Cyclopentadienone triisocyanide iron complexes: general synthesis and crystal structures of tris(2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide)(η4-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone)iron and tris(naphthalen-2-yl isocyanide)(η4-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone)iron acetone hemisolvate"
<p>This data set contains the raw data (NMR, HRMS, Elemental analysis) for the article "Cyclo­penta­dienone triisocyanide iron complexes: general synthesis and crystal structures of tris­­(2,6-di­methyl­phenyl isocyanide)(η<sup>4</sup>-tetra­phenyl­cyclo­penta­dienone)iron and tris­­(naphthalen-2-yl iso­cyanide)(η<sup>4</sup>-tetra­phenyl­cyclo­penta­dienone)iron acetone hemisolvate" published in <em>Acta Crystallographica Section E: Crystallographic Communications</em>, DOI:</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1107/S205698902300498X">https://doi.org/10.1107/S205698902300498X</a></p>
A Thematic Synthesis on Empathy in Software Engineering based on the Practitioners' Perspective - Supplementary Material
<p>This repository contains the supplementary material of the paper "A Thematic Synthesis on Empathy in Software Engineering based on the Practitioners' Perspective" <br> (DOI https://doi.org/10.1145/3613372.3613407) accepted at the Research Track of the <br> XXXVII Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering (SBES 2023).</p> <p>The artifacts are a result of a thematic synthesis of grey literature <br> performed to investigate the meaning, importance, practices, and effects of empathy <br> from the perspective of software practitioners. <br> The analysis was based on web articles from DEV, an online community used by software developers. <br> The data were collected and stored in the repository to preserve the evidence and ensure the study’s replicability.<br> <br> The repository contains the following material:</p> <p>1- <all codes.ods> and <all codes.xlsx><br> All codes generated in the data extraction process, considering research questions RQ1-RQ5:<br> The two files have the same content in different formats - ODS and XLSX.</p> <p>2 - <dataset.csv> <br> The list of web articles collected from the DEV in CSV format with all inclusion and <br> exclusion information, plus demographic data.</p> <p>3 - <empathy-framework.jpg><br> Figure 3 of the paper: A conceptual map of the meaning (boxes in orange) and <br> the value (boxes in blue) of empathy according to the software practitioners</p> <p>4 - <empathy-model.jpg> <br> Figure 4 of the paper: A conceptual framework for communication and collaboration (A), <br> management and leadership (B), coding (C), and code review (D).</p> <p>5 - <extraction.ods> and <extraction.xlsx>. The data extracted from the web articles, <br> including codes and quotes for each research question. <br> The two files have the same content in different formats - ODS and XLSX.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.