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156 results for “functional localization”
Functional Ultrasound Localization Microscopy reveals brain-wide neurovascular activity on a microscopic scale
<p>Matlab script to process fULM dynamic maps and compute activation maps. Two dataset are provided : one from a whiskers stimulation experiment in rats and one from a visual stimulation experiment in rats.</p>
Global analysis of cell behavior and protein localization dynamics reveals region-specific functions for Shroom3 and N-cadherin during neural tube closure
<p>Failures of neural tube closure are common and serious birth defects, yet we have a poor understanding of the interaction of genetics and cell biology during neural tube closure. Additionally, mutations that cause neural tube defects (NTDs) tend to affect anterior or posterior regions of the neural tube but rarely both, indicating a regional specificity to NTD genetics. To better understand the regional specificity of cell behaviors during neural tube closure, we analyzed the dynamic localization of actin and N-cadherin via high-resolution tissue-level time-lapse microscopy during Xenopus neural tube closure. To investigate the regionality of gene function, we generated mosaic mutations in shroom3, a key regulator or neural tube closure This approach elucidates new differences between cell behaviors during cranial/anterior and spinal/posterior neural tube closure, provides mechanistic insight into the function of shroom3 and demonstrates the ability of tissue-level imaging and analysis to generate cell-biological mechanistic insights into neural tube closure.</p>
Niche differentiation along multiple functional-trait dimensions contributes to high local diversity of Euphorbiaceae in a tropical tree assemblage
<p><span>Understanding the mechanisms that drive community assembly in species-rich tropical forest remains a fundamental challenge in ecology. Here, we integrated multivariate functional trait dimensions, phylogeny, and metabolomics to test fundamental predictions concerning the role of differentiation with respect to abiotic and biotic niche axes in the maintenance of high local diversity of woody plants in the Euphorbiaceae.</span></p> <p><span>We measured 40 functional traits related to resource acquisition, photosynthetic capacity, hydraulic efficiency, and secondary-metabolite profiles generated using untargeted metabolomics in all 26 Euphorbiaceae species in a 20-ha forest dynamics plot in tropical southwestern China. We examined the correlation structure of 40 traits using a trait networking approach. We coupled these traits with variation in soil nutrients, light environment, soil water content and herbivore pressure within the plot to assess niche differentiation in space. We compared phylogenetic signal among </span><span>multivariate trait dimensions and secondary metabolites to assess niche differentiation in evolutionary time.</span></p> <p><span>Network analysis revealed that a small number of traits with high network centrality reflected variation in ecological strategy among the Euphorbiaceae. Using these high-centrality traits, we observed significant functional turnover along environmental gradients defined by light, soil moisture, soil nutrients and leaf herbivory, respectively. Most resource utilization traits showed significant phylogenetic signal, whereas almost all defensive traits lacked phylogenetic signal, including species similarity with respect to plant secondary metabolites.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis</span><span>.</span><span> </span><span>Our results suggest that resource-utilization traits and the habitat associations play a significant role in the </span><span>niche segregation</span><span> of co-occurring woody plants in the Euphorbiaceae. Secondary metabolites, however, may enhance diversity at a finer spatial scale by allowing closely related species with similar functional traits to partition biotic niche space within shared habitats in tropical</span><span> rainforest.</span></p>
Research data for: "Band Structure Interpolation using Optimized Local Orbitals from Linear-Scaling Density-Functional Theory"
<p>This file was created by Laura E. Ratcliff on 23rd March 2018. It contains the input files employed for the ONETEP and CASTEP calculations in the above publication.</p> <p>Directory Listing:</p> <p>castep/</p> <p>Contains the input files used to generate the CASTEP reference data.</p> <p>onetep/</p> <p>Contains the input files used to generate all of the ONETEP data, where filenames are labelled with the number of repeat CNT units, val (cond) indicates a valence (conduction) calculation and the suffixes follow a similar labelling convention to that employed in the manuscript.</p>
X-ray Binary Luminosity Function Scaling Relations for Local Galaxies Based on Subgalactic Modeling
<p>Property maps (SFR and M*) and processed Chandra images for the 38 galaxies from Lehmer et al. (2019).</p>
Fig. 3 in Structure and Composition of Dung Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a Livestock Ranch in Central Uruguay: Responses of Functional Groups and Species to Local Habitats and Trophic Resources
Fig. 3. Dominance/diversity curves based on a) abundance and b) biomass of the dung beetle species of Scarabaeidae in three habitats in Puntas de Sauce Maciel, Florida, Uruguay. PHS = pasture on humid soil; PDS = pasture on dry soil; EP = Eucalyptus plantation.
Fig. 1. a in Structure and Composition of Dung Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a Livestock Ranch in Central Uruguay: Responses of Functional Groups and Species to Local Habitats and Trophic Resources
Fig. 1. a) Sample completeness curves as a function of dung beetle abundance in three study habitats in Puntas de Sauce Maciel, Florida, Uruguay, b) Coverage-based rarefaction (solid lines) and extrapolation (dash above endpoint for PHS) sampling curves for species richness of the dung beetle data from the three habitats. PHS = pasture on humid soil; PDS = pasture on dry soil; EP = Eucalyptus plantation.
Fig. 2 in Structure and Composition of Dung Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a Livestock Ranch in Central Uruguay: Responses of Functional Groups and Species to Local Habitats and Trophic Resources
Fig. 2. Diversity profiles for dung beetle assemblages in three habitats in Puntas de Sauce Maciel, Florida, Uruguay as a function of Hill numbers (q) with 95% confidence intervals (shaded areas). PHS = pasture on humid soil; PDS = pasture on dry soil; EP = Eucalyptus plantation.
Fig. 4 in Structure and Composition of Dung Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) in a Livestock Ranch in Central Uruguay: Responses of Functional Groups and Species to Local Habitats and Trophic Resources
Fig. 4. Detrended correspondence analysis ordination of dung beetle species sampled with baited pitfall traps in three different habitats in Puntas de Sauce Maciel, Florida, Uruguay. PHS = pasture on humid soil; PDS = pasture on dry soil; EP = Eucalyptus plantation.
Changes in microbial community structure and functioning with elevation are linked to local soil characteristics as well as climatic variables
<p>Mountain forests are important carbon stocks but are threatened by increased insect outbreaks and climate driven forest conversion. Soil microorganisms play an eminent role in nutrient cycling in forests and form the basis of soil food webs. Uncovering the driving factors shaping microbial communities and functioning at mountainsides worldwide is of importance to better understand their dynamics at local and global scales. We investigated microbial communities and their drivers along an elevational gradient of primary forests at Changbai Mountain, China. We analysed substrate-induced respiration and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) in litter and two soil layers at seven sites. In the litter layer the increase in microbial biomass (Cmic) as well as in stress indicator ratios with elevation were negatively correlated with Ca concentrations indicating increased nutritional stress in high microbial biomass communities at sites with lower Ca availability. PLFA profiles in litter separated low and high elevations, this was less pronounced in soil, suggesting that leaflitter functions as buffer for soil microbial communities. Annual variations in temperature correlated with PLFA profiles in all layers, while annual variations in precipitation correlated with PLFA profiles in upper soil only. Furthermore, the availability of resources, soil moisture, Ca concentrations and pH structured the microbial communities. Pronounced changes in Cmic and stress indicator ratios in the litter layer between pine dominated (800 – 1100 m) and spruce dominated (1250 – 1700 m) forests indicated a shift in the structure and functioning of microbial communities between forest types. The study highlights strong changes in microbial community structure and functioning along elevational gradients, but also shows that these changes and their driving factors vary between layers. Besides annual variations in temperature and precipitation, carbon accumulation and nitrogen acquisition shape changes in microbial communities with elevation at Changbai Mountain.</p>
Fig. 4 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 4. In vitro enzymatic assays of recombinant SaNES/LIS. GC-MS identification of (E)-nerolidol (A) and linalool (B) derived from FPP and GPP under action of recombinant SaNES/LIS, respectively. m/z, mass-to-charge ratio.
Fig. 3 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 3. Subcellular localization of SaNES/LIS in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. The full-length coding region of SaNES/LIS was fused to the YFP reporter gene in the vector pSAT6-EYFP-N1 to produce the pSAT6- SaNES/LIS construct. The fusion construct were then transferred into Arabidopsis protoplasts and analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy for YFP expression. The yellow columns show YFP fluorescence, the blue column shows chlorophyll auto-fluorescence, the merged column shows combined YFP fluorescence and chlorophyll auto-fluorescence, and the transmission column shows light-microscopy images of the intact protoplasts. (A) Control pSAT6-YFP construct. (B, C) pSAT6-SaNES/LIS (expressed in plastids and the cytosol, respectively). Arrows 1 and 2 indicate granular fluorescence and diffuse fluorescence, respectively in the plastid. Fluorescence was excited for YFP at 514 nm and for Chl at 543 nm. Scale bar = 10 μm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 6 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 6. In vivo characterization of the SaNES/LIS gene, which was transiently expressed in tobacco leaves by Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. Compounds were analyzed three days post-infiltration by GC-MS. New product peaks were observed in contrast to controls and were identified by comparing mass spectra with library data. Leaves of tobacco infiltrated by pBI121 alone were used as the control. Peak 1, linalool; peak 2, (E)-nerolidol. m/z, mass-to-charge ratio.
Fig. 2 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree of SaNES/LIS protein within representative samples of known plant TPSs. The neighbor-joining tree was drawn using MEGA 7.0 (Kumar et al., 2016). Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates were used to assess the robustness of the trees.
Fig. 1 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 1. Protein sequence alignment of SaNES/LIS with proteins from Vitis vinifera and Magnolia champaca. The RRX8W motif, the Asp-rich domain DDXXD, and the NSE/DTE motif are indicated. These are highly conserved in plant TPSs. Completely conserved residues are shaded in black, and similar residues are shaded in light grey. Dashes indicate gaps introduced to maximize sequence alignment.
Fig. 5 in Functional characterization of an Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) dual-localized bifunctional nerolidol/linalool synthase gene involved in stress response
Fig. 5. Plots of SaNES/LIS reaction rates versus FPP and GPP concentration. The FPP and GPP saturation curves were determined at pH 7.4 and the Michaelis-Menten model was used to determine Km and Vmax. Each data point was determined from triplicate measurements.
Effects of Intravenous Local Anesthetic on Bowel Function After Colectomy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00600158. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Local Heat Stress Via Leg Bath on Artery Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03618524. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Active and Passive Exercise Training in Improving Vascular Function: Local vs Systemic Vascular Effect.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04758754. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
LY231514 in Treating Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors and Varying Degrees of Kidney Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00003706. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.