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Eucalyptus cladocalyx wood formation
<p>The dataset comprises transverse sections of <em>Eucalyptus cladocalyx</em> stem tissue, highlighting various cell types such as vessels, fibers, and cambium after exposure to cyclic drought treatments. Stem samples were embedded in paraffin wax, sectioned at a thickness of 6 µm, and stained using Safranin-Alcian blue. Microscopic images were captured using a Nikon Eclipse Ni-E upright motorized microscope equipped with NIS-Elements D software, with a 20X objective lens providing a resolution of 0.24 µm/pixel in 24-bit RGB color.</p>
FIG. 7. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n in Un nouveau genre de Pteraspidiformes (Vertebrata, Heterostraci) de la Formation de Wood Bay (Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg)
FIG. 7. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n. sp., Formation de Wood Bay, Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg; A, reconstruction du bouclier dorsal; B, reconstruction du bouclier ventral. Abréviations: bp, plaque branchiale; dd, disque dorsal; op, plaque orbitaire; orp, plaque orogoniale; pp, plaque pinéale; rl, lamelle récurrente; rp, plaque rostrale; vd, disque ventral. Échelles: 10 mm.
FIG. 5. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n in Un nouveau genre de Pteraspidiformes (Vertebrata, Heterostraci) de la Formation de Wood Bay (Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg)
FIG. 5. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n. sp., Formation de Wood Bay, Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg; A, plaque rostrale avec vue des pores du système sensoriel (MNHN, SVD 967); B, lamelle récurrente de la plaque rostrale (MNHN, SVD 967); C, disque dorsal incomplet avec le détail des canaux du système sensoriel (MNHN, SVD 777); D, plaque orogoniale avec vue des pores du système sensoriel (MNHN, SVD 753); E, partie postérieure du disque dorsal avec le détail des canaux du système sensoriel (MNHN, SVD 731). Abréviations: lpc, canal latéral principal; mdc, canal médiodorsal; soc, canal supra-orbitaire; tc, commissure transversale; vlc, canal ventral latéral. Échelles: A-C, E, 10 mm; D, 5 mm.
FIG. 4. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n in Un nouveau genre de Pteraspidiformes (Vertebrata, Heterostraci) de la Formation de Wood Bay (Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg)
FIG. 4. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n. sp., Formation de Wood Bay, Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg; A, détail de l'ornementation d'un demi-disque dorsal, holotype (MNHN, SVD 970), partie avant droite; B, détail de l'ornementation du bord externe de la lamelle ventrale de la plaque branchiale (MNHN, SVD 736). Échelles: 5 mm.
FIG. 3. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n in Un nouveau genre de Pteraspidiformes (Vertebrata, Heterostraci) de la Formation de Wood Bay (Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg)
FIG. 3. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n. sp., Formation de Wood Bay, Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg; A, plaque orogoniale (ou postorale latérale) incomplète en vue dorsale (MNHN, SVD 753); B, disque ventral en vue ventrale (MNHN, SVD 717); C, plaque branchiale en vue ventrale (MNHN, SVD 728). Échelles: 10 mm.
FIG. 2. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n in Un nouveau genre de Pteraspidiformes (Vertebrata, Heterostraci) de la Formation de Wood Bay (Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg)
FIG. 2. — Spitsbergaspis prima n. gen., n. sp., Formation de Wood Bay, Dévonien inférieur, Spitsberg; A, plaque rostrale en vue dorsale (MNHN, SVD 967); B, lamelle récurrente de la plaque rostrale (MNHN, SVD 967); C, plaque pinéale incomplète en vue dorsale (MNHN, SVD 754); D, disque dorsal complet en vue ventrale (MNHN, SVD 729); E, disque dorsal incomplet en vue dorsale, holotype (MNHN, SVD 970), partie avant; F, plaque orbitaire en vue dorsale (MNHN, SVD 968). Abréviation: mdc, canal médiodorsal. Échelles: 10 mm.
Text-fig. 2. Field photograph of the sampling locality, together with a schematic profile. Stratigraphic horizon from which the fossil wood fragment was extracted (white arrow) (Modified from Pires and Da Rosa 2000). in A New Fossil Fabaceae Wood From The Pleistocene Touro Passo Formation Of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
Text-fig. 2. Field photograph of the sampling locality, together with a schematic profile. Stratigraphic horizon from which the fossil wood fragment was extracted (white arrow) (Modified from Pires and Da Rosa 2000).
Text-fig. 1. Map of westernmost part of Rio Grande do Sul showing the position of the sampling locality (star). Adapted from Oliveira and Kerber (2009). in A New Fossil Fabaceae Wood From The Pleistocene Touro Passo Formation Of Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
Text-fig. 1. Map of westernmost part of Rio Grande do Sul showing the position of the sampling locality (star). Adapted from Oliveira and Kerber (2009).
Text-fig. 2. Generalised stratigraphy of the area including the fossil site in Orta-Şabanözü (Sengüler 2007). The coloured formation is Hüyükköy Formation, aged as late Miocene and containing fossil woods. in The First Glyptostroboxylon And Taxodioxylon Descriptions From The Late Miocene Of Turkey And Palaeoclimatological Evaluation
Text-fig. 2. Generalised stratigraphy of the area including the fossil site in Orta-Şabanözü (Sengüler 2007). The coloured formation is Hüyükköy Formation, aged as late Miocene and containing fossil woods.
FIGURE 1 in Paleoclimate and paleoecology of the Upper Oligocene Tehuacán Formation, Puebla State, Mexico, as determined from wood anatomical characters
FIGURE 1. Geographical location of the Tehuacán Fm. in the state of Puebla, Mexico.
Association mapping identified novel candidate loci affecting wood formation in Norway spruce
<p>Genotypic data set for the association mapping in Norway spruce for wood formation and tracheid traits.</p>
APPENDIX 1 in Fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Myanmar (Natma Formation): palaeoenvironmental and biogeographic implications
<p>APPENDIX 1. — Synthetic summary of main characters of the Dipterocarp fossil woods mentioned in the article, as described by the original authors (<b>first name</b>), the authors who redescribed a specimen of the same species or emmended the original diagnosis (<b>second name</b>), or as extracted from another publication (<b>in parenthesis</b>). Features in parenthesis are less commun.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th></th><th><b>Vessels</b></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td></td><td><b>t.diam. (µm);</b></td><td></td><td></td><td><b>Multiseriate</b></td><td><b>Canals</b></td><td><b>Geologic</b></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td><b>Growth</b></td><td><b>frequency</b></td><td></td><td><b>Axial</b></td><td></td><td><b>ray height</b></td><td></td><td><b>t.diam.</b></td><td><b>age/</b></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>Species</b></th><td><b>rings</b></td><td><b>(/mm</b> <b>2</b><b>)</b></td><td><b>Fibres</b></td><td><b>parenchyma</b></td><td><b>Rays</b></td><td><b>(µm; cells)</b></td><td><b>Canals</b></td><td><b>(µm)</b></td><td><b>country</b></td><td><b>Authors</b></td></tr><tr><th><i>Anisopteroxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>120-230</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Vasicentric, diffuse, diffuse-</td><td>(1-11)7-9 seriate,</td><td>150-1080</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>120-150</td><td>Miocene/</td><td>Yadav 1989</td></tr><tr><th><i>oblongoides</i></th><td></td><td>4-5</td><td>thick-walled,</td><td>in-aggregate in irregular</td><td>4-8/mm, heterocellular</td><td>5-56</td><td>lines, (diffuse)</td><td></td><td>India</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>lines, around canals</td><td>1-2+ marginal cells,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td>continuous sheath cells</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Anisopteroxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>110-255</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Scanty to vasicentric,diffuse,</td><td>(1-8)5-6 seriate,</td><td>180-1350</td><td>Diffuse, (short</td><td>40-55</td><td>Miocene/</td><td>Prakash &</td></tr><tr><th><i>garoensis</i></th><td></td><td>8-12</td><td>thick-walled,</td><td>in short lines,</td><td>5-12/mm, heterocellular</td><td>6-30</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>Tripathi 1970</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>around canals</td><td>1-8 marginal cells, sheath</td><td></td><td>lines</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>(tylose)</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td>cells</td><td></td><td>of 2-3)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Anisopteroxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>130-230</td><td>Nonseptate, thin-</td><td>Diffuse, diffuse-in-aggregate</td><td>(1-6)4-5 seriate,</td><td>212-1190</td><td>Diffuse</td><td>102-130</td><td>Miocene/</td><td>Prasad,</td></tr><tr><th><i>surmaensis</i></th><td></td><td>6-10</td><td>to-thick walled,</td><td>in thin lines, scanty to</td><td>5-6/mm, heterocellular</td><td>5-55</td><td></td><td></td><td>India</td><td>Agarwal &</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>vasicentric, around canals</td><td>1-3 marginal cells,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Mandaokar</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td>continuous</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2009</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>sheath cells</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Anisopteroxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>154-300</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Vasicentric, diffuse,</td><td>1-7 seriate, heterocellular,</td><td>458-1946</td><td>Diffuse, (short</td><td>98-168</td><td>Mio-Plio/</td><td>Ghosh &</td></tr><tr><th><i>jawalamukhi</i></th><td></td><td>-</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>diffuse-in-aggregate,</td><td>sheath cells</td><td>15-67</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>Ghosh 1958</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>tracheids</td><td>around canals</td><td></td><td></td><td>lines</td><td></td><td></td><td>(Prakash &</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>of 2-3)</td><td></td><td></td><td>Tripathi 1970)</td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>160-240</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Diffuse, diffuse-in-aggregate,</td><td>1-5(6) seriate, often uniseriate, 250-1125</td><td>Short tangential</td><td>40-68</td><td>Miocene/</td><td>Prakash 1975</td></tr><tr><th><i>sivalicus</i></th><td></td><td>5-7,</td><td>thick-walled,</td><td>(scanty paratracheal),</td><td>7-14/mm, heterocellular,</td><td>–</td><td>lines of 2-6,</td><td></td><td>India</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>around canals</td><td>sheath cells</td><td></td><td>diffuse</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>80-240,</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Diffuse, diffuse-in-aggregate,</td><td>(1-7)3-5 seriate, 6-8/mm,</td><td>120-1600,</td><td>Diffuse/</td><td>40-120</td><td>Pliocene/</td><td>Ghosh & Ghosh</td></tr><tr><th><i>malavii</i></th><td></td><td>mean 190,</td><td>thick-walled,</td><td>scanty to vasicentric,</td><td>heterocellular 1-n marginal mean <1000 paired, short</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>1959,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>5-7, solitary, vasicentric</td><td>(aliform), around canals</td><td>cells, (sheath cells)</td><td>10-60</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td></td><td>Guleria 1983</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>lines of 4-5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>–</td><td>Thin-to thick</td><td>Vasicentric, (marginal,</td><td>(1-5)1-3 seriate, heterocellular</td><td>–</td><td>Diffuse, short</td><td>-</td><td>Tertiary/</td><td>Bancroft 1933</td></tr><tr><th><i>africanum</i></th><td></td><td>(solitary),</td><td>walled?,</td><td>diffuse?) around canals</td><td>1-6 marginal cells,</td><td>8-30</td><td>tangential</td><td>same</td><td>Uganda</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose?</td><td>vasicentric</td><td></td><td>(end-to-end fusion)</td><td></td><td>lines of 2-6</td><td>size as</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>tracheids?</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>vessels</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>–</td><td>160-322</td><td>Nonseptate, thin</td><td>Vasicentric, diffuse to</td><td>1-5(4-5) seriate, 6-8/mm,</td><td><2400</td><td>Short tangential</td><td>80-120</td><td>Plio-Pleisto/ Vozenin-Serra &</td></tr><tr><th><i>sarapeense</i></th><td></td><td>4-7,</td><td>to thick walled,</td><td>diffuse-in-aggregate,</td><td>heterocellular 2-7(23)</td><td>up to 80</td><td>lines of 2-7</td><td></td><td>Thailand</td><td>Privé-Gill</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>around canals</td><td>marginal cells, sheath cells,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2001</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>(tylose)</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td>(end-to-end fusion)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>100-175</td><td>Nonseptate, (very)</td><td>Around canals, scanty</td><td>(1-5)1 seriate,</td><td>-</td><td>Diffuse, short</td><td>60-75</td><td>Pliocene/</td><td>Schweitzer</td></tr><tr><th><i>gracile</i></th><td></td><td>5-14,</td><td>thick-walled,</td><td>paratracheal, (diffuse)</td><td>“homogeneous”,</td><td>up to 40</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>Java</td><td>1958</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary</td><td>vasicentric</td><td></td><td>(crystalliferous)</td><td></td><td>lines of 2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>80-260</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Vasicentric, (diffuse),</td><td>(1-6)3-5 seriate,</td><td>200-1260</td><td>Diffuse, short</td><td>65-80</td><td>Miocene/</td><td>Guleria <i>et al.</i></td></tr><tr><th><i>jammuense</i></th><td></td><td>3-9,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>around canals</td><td>5-9/mm, heterocellular</td><td>5-45</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>2002</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>tracheids</td><td></td><td>2-12 marginal cells, sheath</td><td></td><td>lines of 2-5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tylose</td><td></td><td></td><td>cells</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dryobalanoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>60-280</td><td>Fibre/vasicentric</td><td>Vasicentric to aliform</td><td>1-4 seriate, heterocellular</td><td><900</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>40-60</td><td>Tertiary/</td><td>Awasthi 1971</td></tr><tr><th><i>holdeniae</i></th><td></td><td>9-15,</td><td>tracheids,</td><td>(aliform-confluent),</td><td>1-5 marginal cells, (sheath</td><td>up to 30</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>India</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>nonseptate,</td><td>banded around canals</td><td>cells)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td>thick-walled</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td><b>t.diam. (µm);</b></td><td></td><td></td><td><b>Multiseriate</b></td><td><b>Canals</b></td><td><b>Geologic</b></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td><b>Growth</b></td><td><b>frequency</b></td><td></td><td><b>Axial</b></td><td></td><td><b>ray height</b></td><td></td><td><b>t.diam.</b></td><td><b>age/</b></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>Species</b></th><td><b>rings</b></td><td><b>(/mm</b> <b>2</b><b>)</b></td><td><b>Fibres</b></td><td><b>parenchyma</b></td><td><b>Rays</b></td><td><b>(µm; cells)</b></td><td><b>Canals</b></td><td><b>(µm)</b></td><td><b>country</b></td><td><b>Authors</b></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Distinct</td><td>112-332</td><td>Vasicentric</td><td>Vasicentric to aliform,</td><td>1-5 seriate, 5-8/mm,</td><td>-</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>80-160</td><td>Tertiary /</td><td>Prakash &</td></tr><tr><th><i>tipamense</i></th><td>(vessels)</td><td>3-9, tyloses</td><td>tracheids,</td><td>(aliform-confluent, diffuse,</td><td>heterocellular</td><td>3-66</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>Awasthi 1970</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>nonseptate,</td><td>diffuse-in-aggregate),</td><td>1-12 marginal cells, (sheath</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>thin-walled</td><td>banded around canals,</td><td>cells)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>crystalliferous</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>45-240</td><td>Vasicentric</td><td>Vasicentric, aliform aliform-</td><td>1-6 seriate, 5-9/mm,</td><td>-</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>40-120</td><td>Tertiary /</td><td>Awasthi 1974</td></tr><tr><th><i>indicum</i></th><td></td><td>5-10,</td><td>tracheids,</td><td>confluent in thin bands,</td><td>heterocellular 1-2 marginal</td><td>up to 60</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>India</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td>nonseptate,</td><td>diffuse, in thin bands,</td><td>cells</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>thick-walled</td><td>banded around canals,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>crystalliferous</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>45-165</td><td>Vasicentric</td><td>Scanty paratracheal or</td><td>(1-4)2-3 seriate, heterocellular</td><td>-</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>40-60</td><td>Tertiary</td><td>Awasthi 1974</td></tr><tr><th><i>arcotense</i></th><td></td><td>15-20,</td><td>tracheids,</td><td>vasicentric, banded around 1-6 marginal cells</td><td>12-40</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>/India</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>nonseptate,</td><td>canals</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td>thin-walled</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>200-360</td><td>Thin-walled</td><td>Vasicentric, aliform,</td><td>(1-4)1-3 seriate, 4-5/mm,</td><td>80-1400</td><td>Long tangential</td><td>40-90</td><td>Quaternary/ Du 1988b</td></tr><tr><th><i>sumatraense</i></th><td></td><td>9-14,</td><td></td><td>(confluent in tangential</td><td>heterocellular 1-n marginal</td><td>4-50</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>Sumatra</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>(clusters),</td><td></td><td>bands), diffuse, diffuse-</td><td>cells, (crystalliferous)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td></td><td>in-aggregate in short</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>tangential lines, irregularly</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>storied</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>200-300</td><td>Vasicentric</td><td>Vasicentric, diffuse-in-</td><td>(1-5)5 seriate,</td><td>-</td><td>Long/short</td><td>60-150</td><td>Quaternary/ Schweitzer</td></tr><tr><th><i>posthumi</i></th><td></td><td>mean 250</td><td>tracheids,</td><td>aggregate in tangential</td><td>“homogeneous”, end-to-</td><td>3-45</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>Sumatra</td><td>1958</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>5-10,</td><td>nonseptate,</td><td>bands, diffuse, around</td><td>end fusion</td><td></td><td>lines, diffuse,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td>thin-to-thick</td><td>canals,</td><td></td><td></td><td>(double lines)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>walled?</td><td>crystals in enlarged cells</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>200-240</td><td>Nonseptate, thin</td><td>Vasicentric, irregularly</td><td>1-4 seriate, 6-10/mm,</td><td>750-1450</td><td>Short/long?</td><td>70-190</td><td>Miocene /</td><td>Sukiman 1977</td></tr><tr><th><i>pachitanensis</i></th><td></td><td>6-10,</td><td>to thick-walled</td><td>banded, around canals</td><td>heterocellular 1-n marginal</td><td>-</td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td>Java</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td></td><td></td><td>cells</td><td></td><td>lines</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>155-230</td><td>Nonseptate,</td><td>Diffuse, diffuse-in-</td><td>(1-5)3-4 seriate, 5-8/mm,</td><td>484-1870</td><td>Diffuse, long/</td><td>-</td><td>Tertiary /</td><td>Bande &</td></tr><tr><th><i>ornatum</i></th><td></td><td>5-9,</td><td>vasicentric</td><td>aggregate, vasicentric,</td><td>heterocellular 2-12 marginal -</td><td>short</td><td></td><td>India</td><td>Prakash</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>solitary,</td><td>tracheids</td><td>banded around canals</td><td>cells, sheath cells</td><td></td><td>tangential</td><td></td><td></td><td>1980,</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>tyloses</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>lines of 2-3,</td><td></td><td></td><td>Trivedi &</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>(double or</td><td></td><td></td><td>Ahuja 1979</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>triple rows)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i></th><td>Ind.</td><td>90-300</td><td>Vasicentric</td><td>Banded in thin lines,</td><td>(1-7)3-5 seriate, few</td><td><1200</td><td>Long tangential</td><td><140</td><td>Mio-Plio/</td><td>Prakash &</td></tr><tr><th><i>irrawaddiensis</i></th><td></td><td>6-8, tyloses tracheids,</td><td>vasicentric,</td><td>uniseriate, 5-8/mm,</td><td>up to 50</td><td>lines</td><td></td><td>Myanmar Bande 1980</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>nonseptate</td><td>banded around canals</td><td>homocellular to weakly</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>heterocellular 1 marginal</th></tr><tr><th>cell</th></tr></tbody></table>
TABLE 2. — Correspondences between the MNHN. F in Fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Myanmar (Natma Formation): palaeoenvironmental and biogeographic implications
<p>TABLE 2. — Correspondences between the MNHN.F specimen numbers cited in the article and the corresponding pages on https://science.mnhn.fr.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Specimen numbers</th><th><b>Corresponding slides and URLs</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>MNHN. F.50171</th><td>MNHN. F.50171.1, 50171.2, 50171.3, 50171.4, 50171.5, 50171.6, 50171.7</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50172</th><td>MNHN. F.50172.1, 50172.2, 50172.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50173</th><td>MNHN. F.50173.1, 50173.2, 50173.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50174</th><td>MNHN. F.50174.1, 50174.2, 50174.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50175</th><td>MNHN. F.50175.1, 50175.2, 50175.3, 50175.4, 50175.5</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50176</th><td>MNHN. F.50176.1, 50176.2, 50176.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50177</th><td>MNHN. F.50177.1, 50177.2, 50177.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50178</th><td>MNHN. F.50178.1, 50178.2, 50178.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50179</th><td>MNHN. F.50179.1, 50179.2, 50179.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50180</th><td>MNHN. F.50180.1, 50180.2, 50180.3, 50180.4</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50181</th><td>MNHN. F.50181.1, 50181.2, 50181.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50182</th><td>MNHN. F.50182.1, 50182.2, 50182.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50183</th><td>MNHN. F.50183.1, 50183.2, 50183.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50184</th><td>MNHN. F.50184.1, 50184.2, 50184.3, 50184.4, 50184.5, 50184.6</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50185</th><td>MNHN. F.50185.1, 50185.2, 50185.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50186</th><td>MNHN. F.50186.1, 50186.2, 50186.3, 50186.4</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50187</th><td>MNHN. F.50187.1, 50187.2, 50187.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50188</th><td>MNHN. F.50188.1, 50188.2, 50188.3, 50188.4, 50188.5, 50188.6</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50189</th><td>MNHN. F.50189.1, 50189.2, 50189.3, 50189.4, 50189.5, 50189.6</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50190</th><td>MNHN. F.50190.1, 50190.2, 50190.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50191</th><td>MNHN. F.50191.1, 50191.2, 50191.3, 50191.4, 50191.5, 50191.6</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50192</th><td>MNHN. F.50192.1, 50192.2, 50192.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50193</th><td>MNHN. F.50193.1, 50193.2, 50193.3, 50193.4, 50193.5, 50193.6</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50194</th><td>MNHN. F.50194.1, 50194.2, 50194.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50195</th><td>MNHN. F.50195.1, 50195.2, 50195.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50196</th><td>MNHN. F.50196.1, 50196.2, 50196.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50197</th><td>MNHN. F.50197.1, 50197.2, 50197.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50198</th><td>MNHN. F.50198.1, 50198.2, 50198.3</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50199</th><td>MNHN. F.50199.1, 50199.2, 50199.3, 50199.4</td></tr><tr><th>MNHN. F.50200</th><td>MNHN. F.50200.1, 50200.2, 50200.3, 50200.4, 50200.5</td></tr></tbody></table>
TABLE 1 in Fossil wood from the lower Miocene of Myanmar (Natma Formation): palaeoenvironmental and biogeographic implications
<p>TABLE 1. — Distribution of fossil taxa for the Natma Formation among extant tropical forests of the Indo-Burman region, according to their Nearest Living Relatives. Only the most convincing NLR have been taken into consideration. Symbols and abbreviations: ●, main environment; ○, alternative environment; <b>1</b>, Tidal and coastal forests; <b>2</b>, Moist evergreen and semi-evergreen forests; <b>3</b>, Deciduous and seasonal forests; <b>4</b>, Dry forests and savanna woodlands. The specimen of <i>Cupressinoxylon</i> is not used here, as not diagnostic of any particular environment.The specimen indet sp. 1 is shown as an indication of possible relative modern ecosystem because the possible related taxa are mostly found in ecosystems in adequacy with our other specimens.</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Fossil species</b></th><th><b>NLR</b></th><th><b>Modern ecosystems</b></th><th><b>1</b></th><th><b>2</b></th><th><b>3</b></th><th><b>4</b></th><th><b>Forest type</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Cynometroxylon holdeniae</i></th><td><i>Cynometra ramiflora</i> / <i>Cynometra polyandra</i></td><td>Tidal, back-mangrove, wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests. In lowlands</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>up to 400-1300 m</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Cynometroxylon parainaequifolium</i></th><td><i>Cynometra inaequifolia</i> / <i>Cynometra polyandra</i></td><td>Tidal, back-mangrove, wet evergreen and semi-evergreen forests. In lowlands</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>Coastal forests</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>up to 400-1300 m</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Pahudioxylon bankurensis</i></th><td><i>Intsia bijuga</i></td><td>Coastal areas, along tidal rivers or at the dry back of mangroves. Also wet evergreen forest</td><td>●</td><td>●</td><td>–</td><td>○</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>associated with Anisoptera. Up to 600 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>indet sp. 1</th><td><i>Dipterocarpus</i> / <i>Prioria</i></td><td>Wet evergreen forests, coastal forests, flooded and riparian forests, also in semi-evergeen</td><td>●</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>○</td><td>?</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>forest or savannahs. In lowlands.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dryobalanoxylon</i> sp.</th><td><i>Dryobalanops aromatica</i> / <i>D. oblongifolia</i></td><td>Lowland mixed dipterocarp forests, in coastal areas in sandy or gravelly soils. Also in wetter</td><td>●</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>soils. Up to 600 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>cf. Koompassioxylon</th><td><i>Koompassia</i> / <i>Kalappia</i> / <i>Martiodendron</i></td><td>Mostly rainforest. Also in coastal forest, riparian forests or swamps. Rarely in savannas or dry</td><td>○</td><td>●</td><td>–</td><td>○</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>forests. Up to 600 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Koompassioxylon elegans</i></th><td><i>Koompassia malaccensis</i></td><td>Mostly freshwater peat-swamps. Also dry lands. Up to 150 m (800 m in elevated areas)</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>–</td><td>○</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Burseroxylon</i> sp.</th><td><i>Canarium bengalense</i> / <i>Protium serratum</i></td><td>Wet evergreen and moist dipterocarp forests, mostly along rivers. Also in deciduous forests</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>or monsonnal area. Up to 1300 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Anisopteroxylon</i> sp.</th><td><i>Anisoptera costata</i> / <i>Anisoptera scaphula</i></td><td>Moist (not everwet) evergreen and semi- evergreen dipterocarp forests, along rivers,</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>in seasonal forest and foothills. Up to 700 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dipterocarpoxylon</i> cf. <i>jammuense</i></th><td><i>Dipterocarpus</i></td><td>Evergreen, semi-evergeen tropical forest, mixed dipterocarps forests. Also in seasonal forests.</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td>Wet evergreen forests</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>In lowland (rarely up to 1400 m).</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Dryobalanoxylon</i> cf. <i>javanense</i></th><td><i>Dryobalanops keithii</i> / <i>D. oblongifolia</i></td><td>Near water (periodically inundated, streams, poorly-drained soils...), in mixed dipterocarps</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>forests. Up to 600 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i> cf. <i>sumatraense</i></th><td><i>Shorea negrosensis</i></td><td>Evergreen, semi-evergreen and seasonal dipterocarp forests. In lowlands.</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i> cf. <i>deomaliense</i></th><td><i>Shorea laevis</i></td><td>Mixed dipterocarp forests. On undulated lands and well-drained soils. Up to 700-1000 m.</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Artocarpoxylon kartikcherraensis</i></th><td><i>Artocarpus lamellosus</i> / <i>Artocarpus chama</i></td><td>Mixed dipterocarp evergreen forests, but also in semi-deciduous forests, moist deciduous</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>○</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>or monsoonal area. Up to 1500-1800 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i> sp. 2</th><td><i>Shorea balangeran</i> / <i>Shorea laevis</i></td><td>From well-drained soils to peat-swamp forests. Also in lowland mixed dipterocarp forests</td><td>–</td><td>●</td><td>●</td><td>–</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>and hillsides. Up to 100(-1000)m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Albizinium eolebbekianum</i></th><td><i>Albizia lebbeck</i> / <i>Albizia ferruginea</i></td><td>Wooded savannas, dry forests borders, semi- decidous. Also rainforests, riparian or</td><td>○</td><td>○</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>periodically inundeted ofrests. Up to 1400 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><i>Pahudioxylon</i> cf. <i>bankurensis</i></th><td><i>Afzelia africana</i> / <i>A. javanica</i></td><td>Both present in humid evergreen and dry deciduous forests. Frequent in savannas. Up</td><td>–</td><td>○</td><td>●</td><td>○</td><td>Seasonal and</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>to 1400 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>dry forests</td></tr><tr><th><i>Shoreoxylon</i> sp. 1</th><td><i>Shorea parvifolia</i> /</td><td>Deciduous dry dipterocarp forests and under</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td><i>Shorea obtusa</i></td><td>marked seasonal monsoon climates. Sometimes in moister forests or savannas.</td><td>–</td><td>○</td><td>●</td><td>●</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>Up to 1000 m.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
Tulaneia amabilia, a new erniettomorph from the Wood Canyon Formation, Nevada and the age of the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition in the Great Basin
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FIGURE 4 in The second North American fossil horntail wood-wasp (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) from the early Eocene Green River Formation
FIGURE 4. Drawings of wings of A, B, Teredon cubensis and C–F, Eoteredon lacoi gen. et sp. nov., holotype. A, T. cubensis male forewing, somewhat crushed in the basal posterior region. B, T. cubensis female forewing. C, right forewing of E. lacoi. D, left forewing of E. lacoi. E, E. lacoi female left hind wing. F, E. lacoi female right hind wing. Veins labelled in Roman font, cell names in italics. A, B re-drawn from Schiff et al. (2012, figs. C1.36, C34.5, no scale bars on originals). Scale bar = 5 mm (C–F).
FIGURE 2. Fossil bearing layers are primarily laminated limestones interspersed with volcanic tuffs. The K in The second North American fossil horntail wood-wasp (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) from the early Eocene Green River Formation
FIGURE 2. Fossil bearing layers are primarily laminated limestones interspersed with volcanic tuffs. The K-spar Tuff is the thickest, making it an easily recognized marker bed. Five layers produce prolific fossils, two below and three above the K-spar Tuff. The siricid wasp was found in the 18-inch Layer about six meters below the K-spar Tuff. Stratigraphic column modified from Buchheim et al (2011).
FIGURE 3 in The second North American fossil horntail wood-wasp (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) from the early Eocene Green River Formation
FIGURE 3. Eoteredon lacoi gen. et sp. nov., holotype in ventral aspect, photographed dry. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 1 in The second North American fossil horntail wood-wasp (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) from the early Eocene Green River Formation
FIGURE 1. Fossil Lake occupied southwest Wyoming, USA, extending westward into Idaho and Utah. After lithification the laminated limestones were eroded exposing the fossil bearing layers. The star marks where the siricid wasp was found about 8.8 km from the eastern shore.
Preservation of erniettomorph fossils in clay-rich siliciclastic deposits from the Ediacaran Wood Canyon Formation, Nevada
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