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1,342 results for “Lichen”
FIGURE 2 in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 2. Species in the L. marginata-group. A–D. Morphological variation of Lecanora austrosorediosa. A–B. Bungartz, F. 4398, CDS 28483–holotype. A. Whitish gray, rimose-areolate thallus with smooth surface and fimbriate margin, apothecia adnate to barely sessile, biatorine, pallid, dark-tinged to sordid-blackened, soralia pustulate, with white granular soredia. B. Pale grey, rimose-areolate thallus with smooth surface and fimbriate margin, apothecia adnate to barely sessile, biatorine, pallid, soralia pustulate, with white granular soredia. C–D. Cream-white rimose-areolate thallus with coarse surface, pustulate soralia with white granular soredia, individual thalli delimited by blackened prothallus lines (Bungartz, F. 6426, CDS 34641). C. Part of the specimen with black apothecia appearing 'lecideine', their margin covered in grayish white pruina. D. Part of the specimen with pallid biatorine apothecia. E–G. Anatomy of L. austrosorediosa (Bungartz, F. 4398, CDS 28483–holotype). E. Section of dark-tinged, biatorine apothecium, outermost exciple and epihymenium with black pigment [in KOH, crystals dissolved, Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)]. F. Section of pallid, biatorine apothecium (in water, abundantly inspersed by minute crystals, DIC). G. Lecanora-type asci, tholus with wide, apically open, unstained central cone and deeply stained ascus flanks (in Lugol's iodine, DIC). Scales: A, B, C & D = 5 mm; E & F = 100 µm; G = 15 µm.
FIGURE 1 in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 1. Species in the L. marginata-group. A–B. Lecanora austro-oceanica (Weber 151, L-41000, COLO 190133). A. Thallus areolate with coarse surface, apothecia adnate with coarse grayish pruina. B. Apothecial section [in water, Differential Interference Contrast (DIC)]: outer exciple aeruginose, epihymenium dull brown. C–F. Lecanora avium. C–E. Morphological variation. C. Thallus areolate, delimited by a black prothallus, apothecia adnate, lecideine, disc with greenish yellow pruina (Bungartz, F. 10228, CDS 47647). D. Thallus, areolate, with erumpent pustulate granular soralia tinged dark bluish gray (Bungartz, F. 7280, CDS 37764). E. Thallus areoles with distinctly crenate margin, apothecia adnate, lecideine, disc with greenish yellow pruina (Bungartz, F. 6411, CDS 34626). F. Apothecial section [in water, DIC]: outer exciple aeruginose, epihymenium dull brown (Bungartz, F. 6411, CDS 34626). Scales: A, C, D & E = 5 mm; B & F = 100 µm.
FIGURE 9 in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 9. Species in the L. pinguis-group. A–D. Morphological variation of Lecanora cerebrosorediata. A. Thallus flattened, continuous to barely rimose (Aptroot, A. 64123, CDS 30685). B. Mosaic of deep yellow rimose-areolate, fertile thalli of L. pseudopinguis mixed with cushions of convoluted, 'cerebriform', pale yellow, sorediate L. cerebrosorediata (Bungartz, F. 4800, CDS 28932). C. Thallus distinctly 'cerebriform' (Bungartz, F. 5212, CDS 29425). D. Thallus exuberantly coralloid 'cerebriform', with few apothecia (Bungartz, F. 6596, CDS 34816–holotype). Scales: A, B, C & D = 5 mm.
FIGURE 19. A–D in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 19. A–D. Protoparmeliopsis ertzii (Ertz, D. 11813, CDS 37172–holotype). A. placodioid, lobate thallus with reddish-brown, lecanorine apothecia. B. Lecanora-type asci (in Lugol's iodine, DIC). C. Lecanorine exciple, cortex and epihymenium with pale brown pigment and few minute crystals, medulla with packets of photobionts and conspicuous clusters of large crystals (in water, DIC). D. pale brown, cortical/epihymenial pigment and minute crystals dissolved, large crystal clusters persistent (in KOH, DIC). Scales: A = 5 mm; B =20 µm; C & D = 100 µm.
FIGURE 7 in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 7. Species in the L. pallida-group. A–D. Morphological variation of Lecanora cerebriformis. A. Mosaic of moderately convoluted, white thalli with apothecia of Lecanora cerebriformis and strongly convoluted sorediate thalli of L. cerebrosorediata with few apothecia (Bungartz, F. 8759, CDS 44640). B. Strongly convoluted, 'cerebriform' thallus (Bungartz, F. 5215, CDS 29428). C. Gnarled 'cerebriform' thallus (Bungartz, F. 5215, CDS 29428). D. Exuberantly coralloid 'cerebriform' thallus (Bungartz, F. 6633, CDS 34853– holotype). Scales: A, B, C & D = 5 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Lecanoroid lichens in the Galapagos Islands: the genera Lecanora, Protoparmeliopsis, and Vainionora (Lecanoraceae, Lecanoromycetes)
FIGURE 15. Other species in the L. subfusca-group. A–C. Lecanora kalbii (Bungartz, F. 6432, CDS 34647–holotype). A. Coarsely granular to bullate areolate, white thallus with crenate lecanorine apothecia and blackened epruinose disc. B. Apothecial section (in water, DIC): exciple with large crystals only, not dissolving in K (pulicaris-type), epihymenium brownish black, lacking crystals; subhymenium distinctly developed, pale yellowish brown (cf. glabrata-type). C. Filiform conidia. D–E. Lecanora ombligulata (Bungartz, F. 7008, CDS 36515–holotype). D. ±Cerebriform, minutely peltate-umbilicate thallus with blackened apothecia. E. Apothecial section (in water, DIC): exciple filled with abundant, minute crystals (allophana-type), epihymenium bluish-black (gangaleoides-type). Scales: A & D = 5 mm; B & E = 100 µm; C =5 µm.
Data for the publication "Measurement report: The ice-nucleating activity of lichen sampled in a northern European boreal forest"
<p>This repository contains the data and plotting scripts for the paper:</p> <p>Authors: Ulrike Proske, Michael P. Adams, Grace C. E. Porter, Mark Holden, Jaana Bäck, and Benjamin J. Murray</p> <p>Titel: Measurement report: The ice-nucleating activity of lichen sampled in a northern European boreal forest</p> <p>Date: 2024</p>
Data from: Lichen morphospecies diversity and community composition across the Tswalu Kalahari Reserve, South Africa
<h3>Data from the paper -</h3> <p>Lichen morphospecies diversity and community composition across the Tswalu Kalahari Reserve, South Africa</p> <p>Authors: Danielle A. Ward, Sutapa Adhikari, Madeleen Struwig, Sarah Skikne, Alan Fryday, Dylan Smith, Nishanta Rajakaruna</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.003" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2024.10.003</a></p> <h3>Abstract -</h3> <p>The Tswalu Kalahari Reserve in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa has no previously published data on its lichen biota, which reflects the broader status of lichenology in South Africa. It is estimated that nearly half of the country's lichen species remain undescribed. Consequently, this study aimed to gather baseline data on lichen diversity and distribution across the reserve. We quantified morphological and functional diversity, characterized lichen communities, and analyzed relationships between lichen diversity and environmental variables (northness, coverage, elevation, insolation, site, substrate type, and substrate texture) using morphospecies concepts. We documented 49 morphospecies across three habitats in the Tswalu Kalahari Reserve, including at least one species that is new to science (<em>Caloplaca tswaluensis</em> Fryday, S. Svoboda & D. A. Ward; Fryday et al., 2024.) and another (<em>Trapeliopsis glaucolepidea</em> (Nyl.) Gotth. Schneid.) that had not previously been reported from Africa. Overall, we recorded lower diversity in corticolous (bark dwelling) lichen communities compared to saxicolous (rock dwelling) lichen communities. However, we did not find a significant effect of any measured environmental variables on saxicolous species richness. This preliminary study underscores the need for further investigation of the diverse, unrecorded lichen diversity that likely exists in other areas of the country as well as the differences in lichen communities on bark and rock substrates. This study also shows that morphospecies concepts can be informative and accessible approaches for exploratory lichen studies, particularly in regions with relatively understudied cryptogram communities.</p>
Genome-wide comparisons reveal extensive divergence within the lichen photobiont genus Trebouxia
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FIGURE 2 in The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-I. The genus Pyxine
FIGURE 2. TLC profiles of some Pyxine species in solvent C. Run 1: Relative standard Rf-values (downwards) in solvent C: 79 (atranorin), 71 (usnic acid), 49 (unknown), 45 (4-O-methylhypoprotocetraric acid) 38 (notatic acid), 30 (norstictic acid), 23 (physodic acid), 18 (stictic acid); 8 (unknown); 5 (protocetraric acid); 4 (salazinic acid), 2 (unknown); run 2: P. retirugella, run 3: P. fallax; run 4: P. boonpragobiana; run 5: P. subcoralligera; run 6: P. coralligera; run 7: P. schmidtii; run 8: P. dactyloschmidtii; run 9: P. keralensis; run 10: P. pseudokeralensis.
FIGURE 5. A in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 5. A typical view of the forest, 12 months after the clearfell, burn and sow treatment has been applied (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 1. A in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 1. A forest edge, showing the typical layered structure of the vegetation. Eucalypts up to about 50 m tall form a canopy over a dense layer of secondary trees about 18–25 m tall. A layer, 1–3 m tall and dominated by the large rosette sedge Gahnia grandis and a vigorous scrambling shrub Bauera rubioides, is present in the understorey (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 2 in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 2. The forest interior in a poorly drained site, where the flakey-barked tree Melaleuca squarrosa dominates the low tree layer. An opening in the Gahnia-dominated layer provides an opportunity for shade-loving cryptogams to colonise the logs and ground surface (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 4. A in The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-I. The genus Pyxine
FIGURE 4. A. Pyxine fallax (hb. K. Kalb 33866), thallus with laminal orbicular soralia; Scale 1 mm. B. Pyxine subcinerea (hb. K. Kalb 21749), thallus with marginal soralia; Scale 3 mm. C. Pyxine sorediata (hb. K. Kalb 35553), lobe tips with punctiform pruina and marginal pseudocyphellae; Scale 1 mm. D. Pyxine meissnerina (lectotype), lobe tips with patchy pruina; Scale 2 mm. E. Pyxine coralligera (hb. K. Kalb 36599) polysidiangia; Scale 1 mm. F. Pyxine retirugella (hb. K. Kalb 30629) lobe tips with pseudocyphellae; Scale 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-I. The genus Pyxine
FIGURE 1. TLC profiles of some Pyxine species in solvent A. Run 1: Relative standard Rf-values (downwards) 75 (atranorin), 70 (usnic acid), 59 (sordidone), 42 (unknown), 40 (norstictic acid), 34 (notatic acid), 30 (unknown), 27 (stictic acid), 12 (physodic acid), 10 (salazinic acid), 6 (unknown), 3 (protocetraric acid); run 2: P. retirugella, run 3: P. fallax; run 4: P. boonpragobiana; run 5: P. subcoralligera; run 6: P. coralligera; run 7: P. schmidtii; run 8: P. dactyloschmidtii; run 9: P. keralensis; run 10: P. pseudokeralensis.
FIGURE 6. A in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 6. A comparison of Figures 5 and 6, taken from the same place, demonstrates the dynamic nature of the vegetation in the early years after harvesting. Five to six years after the clearfell, burn and sow treatment, the large stump in Figure 5 is completely obscured by the vigorous growth of young eucalypts and Gahnia (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 4 in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 4. The forest interior, with scattered large fibrous-barked eucalypts interspersed among the smaller understorey trees (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 3 in Lichens and bryophytes in Tasmanian wet eucalypt forest: floristics, conservation and ecology
FIGURE 3. The forest interior at a site with moderate drainage, where the smooth-barked tree Nematolepis squamea is common and the shrub Bauera dominates the understorey. A large rock in the background provides a substrate for cryptogams raised above the dense shrubbery (Photo: J.Jarman).
FIGURE 3. A in The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-I. The genus Pyxine
FIGURE 3. A. Pyxine boonpragobiana (hb. K. Kalb 36928), thallus with polysidiangia; Scale: 3 mm. B. Pyxine dactyloschmidtii (holotype), thallus with polysidiangia; Scale: 3 mm. C. Pyxine pseudoceralensis (holotype), thallus with isidia; Scale 2 mm. D. Pyxine subcoralligera (holotype), thallus with polysidiangia; Scale 3 mm. E. Pyxine cylindrica (hb. K. Kalb 36836), thallus with marginal and partly laminal isidia; Scale 2 mm. F. Pyxine cognata (hb. K. Kalb 12344), thallus with obscurascens-type apothecia and patchy priuna; Scale 3 mm.
FIGURE 2. Cladonia flavocrispata. A in Ten new species of Cladonia (Cladoniaceae, Lichenized Fungi) from the Guianas and Venezuela, South America
FIGURE 2. Cladonia flavocrispata. A. isotype (B); B. Guyana specimen of uncertain affinity (Sipman 40299 (B)). Bar = 2 cm.
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