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9,097 results for “wild”
SAXS data of GDAP1 delta303-358 wild-type protein
<p>SEC-SAXS data of GDAP1 delta303-358 wild-type protein. The compressed files contain a directory containing the buffer and sample frames. The directory should open in ATSAS chromixs for data reduction.</p>
Data from: Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population
<p><span>Dissecting joint micro-evolutionary and plastic responses to environmental perturbations requires quantifying interacting components of genetic and environmental variation underlying expression of key traits. This ambition is particularly challenging for phenotypically discrete traits where multiscale decompositions are required to reveal non-linear transformations of underlying genetic and environmental variation into phenotypic variation, and when effects must be estimated from incomplete field observations. We devised a joint multistate capture-recapture and quantitative genetic animal model and fitted this model to full-annual-cycle resighting data from partially-migratory European shags (<em>Gulosus</em> <em>aristotelis</em>) to estimate key components of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance in the ecologically critical discrete trait of seasonal migration versus residence. We demonstrate non-negligible additive genetic variance in latent liability for migration, resulting in detectable micro-evolutionary responses following two episodes of strong survival selection. Further, liability-scale additive genetic effects interacted with substantial permanent individual and temporary environmental effects to generate complex non-additive effects on expressed phenotypes, causing substantial intrinsic gene-by-environment interaction variance on the phenotypic scale. Our analyses therefore reveal how temporal dynamics of partial seasonal migration arise from combinations of instantaneous micro-evolution and within-individual phenotypic consistency, and highlight how intrinsic phenotypic plasticity could expose genetic variation underlying discrete traits to complex forms of selection.</span></p>
Data from: A stabilizing eco-evolutionary feedback loop in the wild
<p><span>Eco-evolutionary dynamics are predicted to involve feedback loops, where ecological changes driven by rapid evolution feed back to shape further evolution. However, direct experimental evidence for such loops in the wild is lacking. Here, we show that eco-evolutionary dynamics in a plant-feeding arthropod community involve a negative feedback loop. Specifically, adaptation in cryptic coloration in an abundant stick-insect species mediates bird predation, with local maladaptation increasing predation. In turn, the abundance of arthropods is reduced by predation. Here, we experimentally manipulate arthropod abundance to show that these community-level changes feedback to affect stick-insect evolution. Specifically, low arthropod abundance increases the strength of selection on crypsis, increasing local adaptation of stick insects in a negative feedback loop. Our results suggest that eco-evolutionary feedbacks are able to stabilize complex systems by preventing consistent directional change and therefore increasing resilience.</span></p>
SNAPP- Diseases in wild South American camelids Literature Review Datasets
<p><strong>SNAPP Diseases in wild South American camelids project</strong>: Vicuñas (<em>Vicugna vicugna</em>) and guanacos (<em>Lama guanicoe</em>) are the two species of wild South American camelids whose distribution ranges from southern Argentina and Chile to central Peru. Declines in guanaco and vicuña populations have been recently associated with outbreaks of sarcoptic mange infections, impacting the health and conservation of South American Camelids (CSAs). Recognizing that the greatest challenges to conservation and sustainable development require innovative solutions, we have been forming a working group Andean Camelid Disease to collaboratively find management strategies to control sarcoptic mange to promote the health of CSA, their ecosystems, surrounding livestock, and the members of Andean communities that rely on the management of these species. In this perspective, we review the current knowledge on sarcoptic mange in CSAs and identify existing knowledge gaps. </p> <p><strong>Datasets created and used in the SNAPP Diseases in Wild South American camelids project</strong> (https://snappartnership.net/teams/andean-camelid-disease/)<br> This repository contains the databases (BD) generated from the systematic review of published information, including the metadata of each of them, the basic description of the methodology used, and files with the description of the information obtained.</p> <p><strong>BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_ResumenCalidad.xlsx:</strong> BD with the description of each of the documents worked on in the systematic review, including a detailed summary of the objectives, methodology, results, and conclusions. Additionally, the evaluation of the quality of the data collected from each document has been included, as well as the classification of the studies according to their type considering the categories defined by Pullin and Knight 2001 and Pullin and Knight 2003.</p> <p><strong>BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_PrevalenciaPoblaciones.xlsx:</strong> contains data on the prevalence and mortality of mange by CSA populations, including data on location, type of management, and years, among others.</p> <p><strong>BD BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_PrevalenciaIndividuos.xlsx:</strong> contains data on the prevalence and extent of mange by CSA individuals, including information on age and sex.</p> <p><strong>BD BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_Severidad.xlsx:</strong> contains data on the severity of scabies in CSA populations, including data on location, type of management, and years, among others.</p> <p><strong>BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_Tratmientos.xlsx:</strong> contains quantitative and qualitative data on the effectiveness of implemented veterinary treatments, including information by location and year on drugs, implemented concentrations, doses, and recovery time, among others.</p> <p><strong>BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_Genetica.xlsx: </strong>Contains available genetic information on CSA populations and subpopulations.</p> <p><strong>BD_SNAP-CSA_RevSiste_Percepciones.xlsx: </strong>contains perceptions and opinions collected during the systematic review in relation to the severity of mange in CSA, the importance of ecological factors in relation to the severity of mange, the effect of CSA management in relation to with the severity of mange and the effectiveness of treatments.</p> <p>These documents are the result of the Science for Nature and People Partnership (SNAPP) Diseases in Wild South American Camelids working group. SNAPP is a partnership of The Nature Conservancy and the Wildlife Conservation Society.</p>
Hanging out in the outback: the use of social hotspots by wild zebra finches
<p>The social and spatial organisation of avian societies is often complex and dynamic with individuals socialising with others in a local population. Although social interactions can readily be described in colonial breeders through the location of nests, social interactions regularly take place in other contexts that are often not considered. Social behaviour in the colonially breeding zebra finch, <em>Taeniopygia</em> <em>guttata</em>, has been the focus of much work in the laboratory, but very little is known about their social organisation in free-living populations, especially outside the breeding context. Here we characterise semi-permanent gathering locations, or 'social hotspots' in the zebra finch in the wild. We determined the use of such social hotspots and the resulting group dynamics by quantifying movements to and from these locations through direct observation and by quantifying the vocal activity at these locations using acoustic recorders. We show that, throughout the day, zebra finches regularly visit these hotspots, and the hotspots are occupied for a substantial proportion of the day. Individuals typically arrived and left in pairs, or small groups, indicating that these social hotspots do not function just for flock formation. Instead, the high levels of vocal activity at these hotspots indicate that they may potentially function as local hubs for socialisation and information exchange, whilst also perhaps providing safety-in-numbers benefits to individuals during periods of resting. These findings characterise an important component of the natural social life of one of the most widely studied birds in captivity. The characterisation of these social hotspots highlights the use of landmarks by birds to facilitate social contacts, cohesion, and behaviour, in a social bird. Similar hangouts and social hotspots may be a feature of social behaviour in other multi-level aggregative species in which the fission and fusion of groups is an important component of daily life.</p>
Evolutionary signatures of a trade-off in direct and indirect defenses across the wild grape genus Vitis
<p>Evolutionary correlations between chemical defense and protection by mutualist bodyguards have been long predicted, but tests of these patterns remain rare. We use a phylogenetic framework to test for evolutionary correlations indicative of trade-offs or synergisms between direct defense in the form of plant secondary metabolism, and indirect defense in the form of leaf domatia, across 33 species in the wild grape genus, <em>Vitis</em>. We also performed a bioassay with a generalist herbivore to associate our chemical phenotypes with herbivore palatability. Finally, we tested whether defensive traits correlate with the average abiotic characteristics of each species' contemporary range and whether these correlations were consistent with plant defense theory. We found a negative evolutionary correlation between domatia size and the diversity of secondary metabolites in <em>Vitis</em> leaf tissue across the genus, and also that leaves with a higher diversity and richness of secondary metabolites were less palatable to a generalist herbivore, consistent with a trade-off in chemical and mutualistic defense investment. Predictions from plant defense theory were not supported by associations between investment in defense phenotypes and abiotic variables. Our work demonstrates an evolutionary pattern indicative of a trade-off between indirect and direct defense strategies across the <em>Vitis</em> genus.</p>
iRodent: a keypoint and segmentation dataset of rodents in the wild
<p>Description: The "iRodent" dataset contains rodent species observations obtained using the iNaturalist API, with a focus on Suborder Myomorpha (Taxon ID: 16). The dataset features prominent rodent species like Muskrat, Brown Rat, House Mouse, Black Rat, Hispid Cotton Rat, Meadow Vole, Bank Vole, Deer Mouse, White-footed Mouse, and Striped Field Mouse. The dataset provides manually labeled keypoints for pose estimation and segmentation masks for a subset of images using a Mask R-CNN model.<br> Creator: Adaptive Motor Control Lab<br> Data Format: COCO format<br> Number of Images: 443<br> Species: Muskrat, Brown Rat, House Mouse, Black Rat, Hispid Cotton Rat, Meadow Vole, Bank Vole, Deer Mouse, White-footed Mouse, Striped Field Mouse<br> Image Resolution: Varied (800x600 to 5184x3456 pixels)<br> Annotations: Pose keypoints and generated segmentation masks by Tian Qiu and Mackenzie Mathis.<br> License: Apache 2.0<br> Keywords: animal pose estimation, behaviour analysis, keypoints, rodent<br> Contact: Mackenzie Mathis<br> Email: <a href="mailto:mackenzie.mathis@epfl.ch">mackenzie.mathis@epfl.ch</a><br> </p>
WILD RICE HISTORICAL ARCHIVES
<p>This is a collection of photos from searches at the Minnesota Historical Society, online newspaper databases and private collections. There is a TROPY database file. The original titles of the photos have not been changed so that the TROPY program can recognize them and the database file can be used. Search terms included 'wild rice' and 'manoomin'. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Culling-induced perturbation of social networks of wild geese reinforces rather than disrupts associations among survivors
<p>Wildlife populations may be the subject of management interventions for disease control that can have unintended, counterproductive effects. Social structure exerts a strong influence over infectious disease transmission in addition to other characteristics of populations such as size and density that are the primary target for disease control. Social network approaches have been widely used to understand disease transmission in wildlife but rarely in the context of perturbations, such as culling, despite the likely impacts of such disturbance on social structure and disease dynamics. Here we present a 'removal' study of a free-living population of resident Canada geese <em>Branta canadensis</em>, a highly social species that is frequently managed by culling and can carry pathogens relevant to human and domestic animal health. We quantified social network structure and spatial behaviour before and after controlled culling of individuals during the summer moult. Culling did not substantially increase individual social connectivity. Individuals that moulted at cull sites or were formerly strongly associated with removed birds were more likely to strengthen and maintain any surviving existing associations while also forming new associations. However, the establishment of new associations was largely compensatory (with only small increases in the number and strength of connections) and occurred locally. Synthesis & applications: geese that survived the cull responded by strengthening existing social relationships and forming new, compensatory relationships with birds local to them in the network. In the short-term such compensatory adjustments to patterns of association in response to culling could facilitate pathogen transmission. But in the longer term, controlled culling of geese is unlikely to strongly influence pathogen spread and may even slow transmission into new social clusters by reducing wider mixing. When managing wildlife for disease control, in addition to changes in social network structure the prevalence of infection at the time of the cull and the mode of transmission (e.g., direct versus environmental) will also be critical determinants of disease transmission risk in perturbed populations of geese and other wild animals.</p>
RNA-seq based analysis of gene expression in thyroids of wild-type and Keap1 knockdown mice after exposure to excess iodide.
<p>C57BL/6J Keap1flox/flox mice were developed by Prof. Masayuki Yamamoto (DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.185). These mice express lower levels of Keap1 because of the loxP site insertions (DOI: 10.1128/MCB.01591-09) and are designated as Keap1KD. 3-4 months old WT and Keap1KD mice fed a standard diet (KLIBA NAFAG 3242, Switzerland) containing 1.5 mg/kg sodium iodine were given normal tap water with or without 0.05% sodium iodide (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) for 7 days. Hence, the following groups of mice were included:</p> <p>WT mice on control water (n=8)-designated as wt in the file</p> <p>WT mice exposed to excess iodide (WT-IOD, n=6)- designated as wti in the file</p> <p>Keap1KD mice on control water (n=8)- designated as kp in the file</p> <p> and Keap1KD mice exposed to excess iodide (Keap1KD-IOD, n=6)- designated as kpI in the file. </p> <p> Mice were maintained in the animal facility of the Department of Physiology at the University of Lausanne in temperature-, light-, and humidity-controlled rooms with a 12-hour light/dark cycle. All animal procedures were in accordance with Swiss legislature and the study was approved by the Canton of Vaud SCAV.</p> <p>RNA from individual mouse thyroids was prepared as previously described (DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3756-1_25) and was submitted to Alithea Genomics (Switzerland). The bulk RNA barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) libraries were generated and sequenced as described previously (DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1671-x) to a depth of approximately 1.2 million raw reads per sample.</p> <p>This research was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation Research Grants 310030_212558, IZCOZ0_205415 and IZCOZ0_177070</p> <p></p> <p></p>
Signatures of adaptive decreased virulence of deformed wing virus in an isolated population of wild honey bees (Apis mellifera)
<p>Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that drive host-pathogen interactions is critical for combating epidemics and conserving species. The <em>Varroa</em> <em>destructor</em> mite and deformed wing virus (DWV) are two synergistic threats to Western honey bee (<em>Apis</em> <em>mellifera</em>) populations across the globe. Distinct honey bee populations have been found to self-sustain despite <em>Varroa</em> infestations, including colonies within the Arnot Forest outside Ithaca, NY, USA. We hypothesized that in these bee populations, DWV has been selected to produce an avirulent infection phenotype, allowing for the persistence of both host and disease-causing agents. To investigate this, we assessed the titer of viruses in bees from the Arnot Forest and managed apiaries, and assessed genomic variation and virulence differences between DWV isolates. Across groups, we found viral abundance was similar, but DWV genotypes were distinct. We also found that infections with isolates from the Arnot Forest resulted in higher survival and lower rates of symptomatic deformed wings, compared to analogous isolates from managed colonies, providing preliminary evidence to support the hypothesis of adaptive decreased viral virulence. Overall, this multi-level investigation of virus genotype and phenotype across different contexts reveals critical insight into global bee health and the ecological and evolutionary processes driving host-pathogen interactions.</p>
Senecio albescens De Wild. (BR0000014461743)
Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.
Study of Oral cMET Inhibitor INC280 in Patients With EGFR Wild-type (wt), Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) (Geometry Mono-1)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02414139. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 20. Publications: 3.
Data used in: Heritability and variance components of seed size in wild species: influences of breeding design and the number of genotypes tested
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Evidence for individual discrimination and numerical assessment in collective antipredator behaviour in wild jackdaws (Corvus monedula)
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Data from: Isolating the effects of floral temperature on visitation and behavior of wild bee and fly pollinators
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Data and code for: Plastic and quantitative genetic divergence mirror environmental gradients among wild, fragmented populations of Impatiens capensis
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Data for: Five decades of data yield no support for adaptive biasing of offspring sex ratio in wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
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Data and code from: Body oscillations couple with wing flapping to reduce aerodynamic power in wild silkmoth flight
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Age-specificity in territory quality and spatial structure in a wild bird population
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.