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Fig. 15 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus

Fig. 15: Scanning electron microscope images of larval mouthparts and prothoracic surface of Opamyrma hungvuong, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) left maxilla in dorsal view; (B) labrum in ventral view; (C) labium in ventral view; (D) cuticular spinules on prothorax. Abbreviations: Gl = galea; Lbp = labial palp; Lbr = labrum; Mdb = mandible; Mxp = maxillary palp.

Fig. 4 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus

Fig. 4: Tentorium of Opamyrma hungvuong worker, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) anterior part of dorsal sclerite of cranium in dorsal view; (B) part of dorsal sclerite of cranium around right antennal socket with anterior part of tentorium, in inner ventral view; (C) part of ventral sclerite of cranium with posterior part of tentorium in inner dorsal view; (D) right half of tentorium in dorsal view (lacking posterior tentorial arm). Abbreviations: Ata = anterior tentorial arm; Atp = anterior tentorial pit; Ct = corpotendon; Dta = dorsal tentorial arm; Ep = external plate; Ip = internal plate; Lclp = lateral portion of clypeus; Mdb = mandible; Occ = occipital carina; Pgr = postgenal ridge; Pta = posterior tentorial arm; Ptg = peritorular groove; Ptp = posterior tentorial pit; Tb = tentorial bridge.

Fig. 1 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus

Fig. 1: General habitus of Opamyrma hungvuong worker, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) head in full-face view; (B) head in anteroventral view; (C) body in lateral view; (D) body in dorsal view. Abbreviations: Occ = occipital carina; Lbr = labrum; Pgr = postgenal ridge.

Fig. 5 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus

Fig. 5: Scanning electron microscope images of antenna of Opamyrma hungvuong worker, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) entire right antenna in dorsal view; (B) apical antennomere in dorsal view.

Fig. 9 in Unveiling the morphology of the Oriental rare monotypic ant genus Opamyrma YAMANE, BUI & EGUCHI, 2008 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Leptanillinae) and its evolutionary implications, with first descriptions of the male, larva, tentorium, and sting apparatus

Fig. 9: Sting apparatus of Opamyrma hungvuong worker, nontype (AKY05vii17-06, China, Guangxi). (A) spiracular plate in lateral view; (B) quadrate plate in lateral view; (C) anal arcs and anal plate in flattened dorsal view; (D) oblong plate and triangular plate in lateral view; (E) gonostylus in lateral view; (F) furcula in anterodorsal view; (G) furcula in posterior view; (H) sting in lateral view; (I) sting in dorsal view; (J) basal part of sting in lateral view; (K) Scanning electron microscope image of apical parts of sting and lancet in lateral view; (L) lancet and fulcral arm in lateral view. Abbreviations: Ana = anal arc; Anp = anal plate; Ap = anterior apodeme; Fa = fulcral arm; Gs = gonostylus; Lc = lancet; Ll = lateral lobe; Mc = medial connection; Pa = posterior arm; St = sting; Tp = triangular plate; Vc = valve chamber.

opennotspecifiedOct 2019View details →

Figure 2 in How survival and food intake of tri-spine horseshoe crabsı Tachypleus tridentatus respond to thermal variation: implications for understanding its distribution limit

Figure 2. Effects of (a) different temperature levels for 7 days and (b) the subsequent recovery at 25°C for 3 days on the mean intake rate (%) of juvenile T. tridentatus. Values represent the mean + SD. Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction with statistical difference between temperature levels and their recovery (p <0.05) are presented in different lowercase letters.

opennotspecifiedMar 2020View details →

FIGURE 1 in The complete mitochondrial genome of Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) and its phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 1. Mitochondrial genome map of Z. caerulea. Protein coding and ribosomal genes are shown with standard abbreviations. The gene sequence is located in the outside of the circle, and the protein sequence is located in the inner circle.

opennotspecifiedMar 2020View details →

FIGURE 8 in The complete mitochondrial genome of Zicrona caerulea (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) and its phylogenetic implications

FIGURE 8. Inferred phylogenetic relationships among Pentatomoideaa based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of 13 mitochondrial protein-coding genes using Bayesian Inference (BI) (quadrangles: Phyllocephalinae; circles: Pentatominae; heart: Podopinae; pentagons: Asopinae). Numbers on branches are Bayesian posterior probabilities.

opennotspecifiedMar 2020View details →

Figure 1 in An extremely large saber-tooth cat skull from Uruguay (late Pleistocene -early Holocene, Dolores Formation): body size and paleobiological implications

Figure 1. Map of Uruguay showing the approximate geographic location where the Smilodon populator skull (MNHN-P 957) was found (black triangle): Limetas Creek (Department of Colonia), Dolores Formation.

Fig. 14. A in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 14. A. Functional integration of strengths of the tyrannosaurid head skeleton when subjected to feeding forces. Dark arrows represent direct influences of forces on structures, and direct integration of structural strengths. Light arrows represent less direct influences of structures on one another. B. Correlated progression of tyrannosauroid feeding adaptations mapped onto a tyrannosauroid cladogram after Xu et al. (2004) and Holtz (2004). Arrow at left represents phyletic increases that likely occurred at all ingroup nodes except G. libratus + A. sarcophagus.

Fig. 15 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 15. Nasal articulations with maxillae in juvenile Gorgosaurus libratus (nasals at top; TMP 86.144.1) adult Tyrannosaurus rex (nasals in middle and maxilla below; TMP 98.86.01; cast of BHI 2033). The interlocking, staircase−style articulation in the adult Tyrannosaurus rex efficiently transmitted compressional forces and increased the shear strength of the articulation. Dashed lines show the extent of the staircased articulation, and the solid line indicates a projection on the nasals and the corresponding depression in the maxilla.

Fig. 13 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 13. Strength indicators computed for theropod crania under mediolateral (A), dorsoventral (B), and torsional (C) loadings. Tyrannosaurid crania are invariably stronger than those of carnosaurs for a given skull length. See Appendix 1 for labels.

Fig. 11 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 11. Top and side views of theropod crania used to reconstruct crosssectional shapes, and oblique views of reconstructed plinge cross−sections for each cranium. Second moments of area of the plinges were calculated as indices of bending and torsional cranium strengths. A–D, carnosaurs; E–G, tyrannosaurids.

Fig. 7 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 7. CT−scanned cross−sections of fused tyrannosaurid nasals, showing greater vaulting and higher cross−sectional areas of bone in larger individuals. A. Gorgosaurus libratus (juvenile: TMP 86.144.1). B. Gorgosaurus libratus (subadult: TMP 86.64.1). C. Daspletosaurus torosus (adult: TMP 98.48.1). Numbers 1–4: cross−sections at topologically similar positions, from posterior to anterior.

Fig. 10 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 10. Heights and widths of tyrannosaurid nasal slices normalized for slice area and bone length. A. Normalized heights ("vaulting index") showing convergence of vaulting pattern at large size. B. Normalized widths ("span index") showing isometric form in most specimens, but exaggerated relative width in Tyrannosaurus rex nasals. Points of maximum vaulting and span are indicated on nasals of T. rex (TMP 98.86.01; cast of BHI 2033). Symbols as per Fig. 9.

Fig. 3 in Fused and vaulted nasals of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs: Implications for cranial strength and feeding mechanics

Fig. 3. Comparisons of mediolateral (A, B) and anteroposterior (C, D) strengths of tyrannosaurid and non−tyrannosaurid theropod maxillary teeth, plotted against skull length. Regressions are by least squares, on log transformed data for the tyrannosaurids. Trend lines are allometric in the tyannosaurids but linear in non−tyrannosaurids. Tooth strengths of Tyrannosaurus rex are much higher than in any other examined taxon. Starting points of the small arrows indicate the position of the juvenile T. rex (TrJ). See Appendix 1 for other specimen labels.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2020View details →

Mesozoic–Cenozoic thermochronology of the Tarim–Southern Tianshan system, NW China: Implications for hydrocarbon accumulation

opennotspecifiedApr 2020View details →

FIGURE 20. A–C in Middle Permian (Roadian) gastropods from the Khao Khad Formation, Central Thailand: Implications for palaeogeography of the Indochina Terrane

FIGURE 20. A–C, Naticopsis sp. 1, ESKU-19-LP 47. D–F, Naticopsis sp. 2, ESKU-19-LP 46. G–I, Naticopsis? sp. 3, ESKU- 19-LP 32. J, Naticopsis? sp. 4, ESKU-19-LP 52. K–L, Naticopsis cf. heshanensis Pan & Erwin, 2002, ESKU-19-LP 44. Scale bars represent: 2 mm (A–J); 5 mm (K–L).