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289 results for “hydraulics”
Data from: Experimental study of shear and hydraulic bonding strength between casing and cement under complex temperature and pressure conditions
The cement sheath plays a vital role in preventing gas channelling. It is important to understand the interfacial bonding between the casing and cement sheath when the downhole temperature and pressure change. This paper demonstrates the results of an experimental study to investigate the effect of high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) and their variations on the cement sheath interfacial bonding strength (CSIBS). An experimental device was developed that is used to test the shear and hydraulic bonding strength with the method of uniaxial compression and gas channelling. The results show that both temperature and pressure have a significant influence on the CSIBS. As the curing temperature increases with a constant curing time or as the curing time increases with a constant curing temperature, the CSIBS first increases and then converges to a stable value. The casing roughness has a crucial effect on the shear bonding strength but little effect on the hydraulic bonding strength. Though the CSIBS decreases obviously with the decrease in temperature, it undergoes little change when the temperature first increases and then recovers to the initial value. When the internal casing pressure decreases to a certain value or first increases to a certain value followed by recovery to the initial state, the hydraulic bonding strength tends to be 0 MPa, which means that the interface undergoes debonding between the casing and cement.
Hydraulic Capstan
Located on the south side (Greenland Quay) of Greenland Dock, Rotherhithe, London. "Large ships were helped in and out of the Greenland Lock using hawsers hauled in by these capstasn .... An igenious mechanism used the power of high pressure water to turn it." This capstan has been elevated so the mechanism underneath can be seen. 263 photos taken in November 2020 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Reality Capture. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Evaporation and permeameter data hydraulic properties stony soil
<p>We used the evaporation method to determine the hydraulic conductivity and the retention curve of a soil sample. The principle of this method is to simultaneously measure the matric head at different depths and the water content of an initially saturated soil sample submitted to evaporation.</p> <p>The experiments were performed over cylindrical Plexiglas samples of 1 L (height: 65 mm), perforated at the bottom to allow saturation from below and open to atmosphere on the upper side to allow evaporation of the soil moisture. Four 6 mm-long ceramic tensiometers (SDEC230) were introduced at 10, 25, 40 and 55 mm in height, respectively denoted T1 to T4 (the reference level is located at the bottom of the sample). In order to avoid preferential flow due to the introduction of the tensiometers on a same vertical line, each hole of the sample was horizontally shifted of 12 degrees vis-à-vis the center of the tube. The tensiometers are connected through a tube to a pressure transducer (DPT-100, DELTRAN). The setup was filled with degased water. The variation in pressure of the drying soil was recorded every 15 min by a CR800 (CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC). Tensions beyond the consolidation point were not taken into account. The consolidation point refers to the state from which the measured pressure head starts to decrease as bubbles appear and water vapour accumulates (typically 68 kPa cm in this case).</p> <p>The total water loss as a function of time was monitored by a balance (OHAUS) with a sensitivity of 0.2 g with an accuracy of 1 g with a time resolution of 15 min. A 50 W infrared lamp was positioned 1 m above the sample surface to slightly speed up the evaporation process. The light was turned off for the first 24 hours of every experiment, as the evaporation rate is already high in a saturated sample. A measuring campaign lasted until 3 of the 4 tensiometers ran dry (the tension sharply drops down to approximately a null value). At the end of the experiment, the sample was oven dried for 24 hours at 105°C to estimate the .</p>
Data set for manuscript 'A universal poroelastic mechanism for hydraulic signals in biomimetic and natural branches'
<p>The zip file contains all raw data associated with the manuscript 'A universal poroelastic mechanism for hydraulic signals in biomimetic and natural branches' with Python files used to process the data and plot the figures of the manuscript.</p>
Hellisheiði geothermal field: Hydraulic data for pseudo-prospective forecasting models (Dec. 2018 - Jan. 2021)
<p>This dataset comprises the compound volumes processed from injection and production rates in the Hellisheiði field between December 2018 and January 2021. This dataset corresponds to the input data for the ETAS-f and Seismogenic Index models of Ritz et al., 2023 (doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168500354.49240043/v1">10.22541/essoar.168500354.49240043/v1</a>)</p><p>The hydraulic data was acquired and processed by Reykjavik Energy/ON power, the operator of the Hellisheiði geothermal field.</p>
Orthophotos and 2D hydraulic modelling results used for habitat suitability modelling of the River Inn section (river km 35.3-48) in SE Germany
<p>The aerial RGB picture acquisition was performed on October 7 (bypass channel) and 11 (side channel) 2022 using a DJI-Matrice 210 V2 RTK drone. For the image acquisition, the drone mounted the DJI Zenmuse X5S RGB camera. The flight was realized at an altitude of about 120 m, ensuring a lateral and longitudinal overlap of the images of about 80%. Gound Control Points (GCPs) have been disposed along the study site, and their position georeferenced using a Emlid Reach RS2 RTK GPS system. After data collection, an RGB orthomosaic with a spatial resolution of 25 cm was generated, using PIX4Dmapper v4.7.5 (www.pix4d.com).</p><p>The hydrodynamic simulations were performed with the freeware software BASEMENT v3.2 (https://basement.ethz.ch), which solves the 2D shallow-water equations using a finite volume approach over two-dimensional unstructured meshes. Computational meshes were created using the QGIS plugin BASEmesh 2, with spatially varying element sizes, which were set to be finer in areas expected to be suitable for spawning and as nursery grounds, or when needed to more accurately represent the local morphological complexity.</p>
Hydraulic Capstan
Located at the east end of Greenland Dock, Rotherhithe, London. From the nearby plaque: "HYDRAULIC CAPSTAN. LArge ships were helped in and out of the Greenland Lock using hawsers hauled in by this capstan and the one across the lock. An igenious mechanism used the power of high pressure water to turn it." 245 photos taken in November 2020 with a Sony a6000 and processed in Reality Capture. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Phylogeny and climate explain contrasting hydraulic traits in different life forms of 150 woody Fabaceae species
<ol> <li>The contrasting hydraulic traits observed among different plant life forms are shaped by entangled environmental and evolutionary processes. However, we lack an understanding of the relative importance of life form, climate and phylogeny in explaining the variance of hydraulic traits.</li> <li>We analyzed seven hydraulic traits and eleven climatic variables of 150 Fabaceae species representing three life forms from 62 sites worldwide, using phylogenetic comparative analyses and variance partitioning.</li> <li>The phylogenetic signal found in most traits disappeared after considering life form, indicating that phylogenetic conservatism in traits originated from the divergence among life forms. The trait-climate relationships were also phylogenetically dependent, implying that trait responses are driven by climate and phylogeny together. Variance partitioning showed that phylogeny and climate explained greater trait variation than life form did.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis. </em>The climate-driven hydraulic trait responses in Fabaceae still existed with phylogeny being considered, suggesting that this large family may be particularly sensitive to climate change.<em> </em>Our results emphasize the need to include phylogeny in plant hydraulic adaptation studies under future climate change.</li> </ol>
Data from: Brittle sedimentary strata focus a multimodal depth distribution of seismicity during hydraulic fracturing in the Sichuan basin, southwest China
<p>The number of background earthquakes (<em>M<sub>L</sub></em> ≥ 0) in the southern Sichuan basin, southwest China, has increased thirtyfold as a result of hydraulic fracturing. Background events are originally deep (4-6 <em>km</em>) within the sedimentary section but build into a multimodal distribution both at depth and in the shallow stimulated reservoir (2-4 <em>km</em>) - representing a counterpoint to the usual triggering of seismicity on deep sub-reservoir basement faults. Surprisingly, the largest events (<em>M<sub>L</sub></em> ≥ 3) evolve in the deep sedimentary strata (4-6 <em>km</em>) that are hydraulically isolated from the injection zone (2-4 <em>km</em>) by low permeability layers. We evaluate the friction-stability rheology of the strata within the full stratigraphic section to define the feasibility of nucleation within these shallow and deep strata. These show velocity-neutral to velocity-weakening behavior in the shallow reservoir transitioning to more strongly velocity-weakening with increase in both depth and temperature. Poroelastic stress calculations confirms that stress transfer, rather than transmitted fluid pressures, are capable of directly reactivating critically-stressed faults at depth, with fluid pressures the triggering source within the shallow reservoir.</p>
Supplementary data for Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances differing in yield
<p>Dataset and supplementary file for <strong>Inter-provenance variability and phenotypic plasticity of wood and leaf traits related to hydraulic safety and efficiency in seven European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) provenances differing in yield </strong>paper.</p> <p>The ANFS_data file includes individual level measurements of xylem safety and efficiency traits, leaf traits and growth among 7 provenances planted at two common garden sites in Germany and Slovakia. More details related to the methodology might be found in the published paper by Kurjak et al. 2024.</p> <p>The ANFS_supplementary file includes the test for differences in distance to tip between sites and provenances, based on the branch diameter-branch length scaling.</p>
Induced polarization and hydraulic tomography joint inversion results on a synthetic model
<p>These data are supplementary material for the following publication: Lukas Römhild, Gianluca Fiandaca, Peter Bayer (2024): Joint inversion of induced polarization and hydraulic tomography data for hydraulic conductivity imaging, <em>Geophysical Journal International</em>, Volume 238, Issue 2, August 2024, Pages 960–973, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggae197">https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggae197</a></p> <p>The data set presents induced polarization (IP) and hydraulic tomography (HT) inversion results for a simple synthetic model. In addition, a joint inversion approach for both data types was implemented, so that individual and joint inversion results can be compared. We also show how the joint inversion procedure has the potential to correct a petrophysical bias within the IP inversion by incorporating the hydraulic data. The effect of different HT setups is also assessed by implementing different source and receiver positions.</p> <p>The file directory contains the original synthetic model, a subfolder for the synthetic data of IP and HT, and a subfolder for the individual HT and IP, as well as the joint inversion results. The HT results contain three different setups (1m, 2m-inside, 2m-outside). The IP results are shown for five different assumptions of petrophysical bias (-2, -1, 0, +1, +2). The joint inversion results contain all possible combinations of these test cases. For more information on the methodology, we refer to the paper (see above, currently under review).</p>
Hydraulic tremor recorded at Tête Rousse Glacier, Mont-Blanc Massif
<p>Analysis of seismic tremor detected at Tête rousse Glacier in May 2022</p>
Integrated Analysis of Seismic Sources and Structures: Understanding Earthquake Clustering during Hydraulic Fracturing
<p>The uploaded files include the 3D velocity model, 2D seismic reflection profiles, and horizontal slice utilized in this study.</p>
Dataset of "Hybrid modeling on 3D hydraulic features of a step-pool unit"
<p>In this repository you can find the data for the submission "Hybrid modeling on 3D hydraulic features of a step-pool unit" by Zhang et al. to Earth Surface Dynamics.</p> <p>The topographic models of the step-pool unit made of natural stones after FAVORization in FLOW3D for the six flow rates are kept in .stl files which were named after the flow rates (L/s). The mesh size for the step-pool feature is 2.5 mm for X, Y and Z directions. The locations, water level and flow velocity for the inlet boundary in all the numerical models are presented in the excel file. </p>
WYC seismic phases for "Lighting up an 1-km fault near a hydraulic fracturing well using machine-learning based picker"
<p>In this study, we applied a state-of-the-art package on newly collected nodal-array data around a hydraulic-fracturing well. The array consists of up to 85 nodes with an average station spacing of less than a kilometer. Within the hydraulic-fracturing stimulation weeks, we detected ~3000 seismic events with magnitude down to ~-2. </p> <p>The seismic phases to associate the events are included in Zenodo_share.zip. The final catalog and station locations (in relative scale) are included in the excel spreadsheet.</p>
High variation in hydraulic efficiency but not xylem safety between roots and branches in four temperate broad-leaved tree species
<p>Xylem hydraulic safety and efficiency are key traits determining tree fitness in a warmer and drier world. While numerous plant hydraulic studies have focused on branches, our understanding of root hydraulic functioning remains limited, although roots control water uptake, influence stomatal regulation and have commonly been considered as the most vulnerable organ along the hydraulic pathway. We investigated 11 traits related to xylem safety and efficiency along the hydraulic pathway in four temperate broad-leaved tree species. Continuous vessel tapering from coarse roots to stems and branches caused considerable reduction in hydraulic efficiency. Wood density was always lowest in roots, but did not decline linearly along the flow path. In contrast, xylem embolism resistance (P50) did not differ significantly between roots and branches, except for one species. The limited variation in xylem safety between organs did not adequately reflect the corresponding reductions in vessel diameter (by ~70%) and hydraulic efficiency (by ~85%). Although we did not observe any trade-off between xylem safety and specific conductivity, vessel diameter, vessel lumen fraction and wood density were related to embolism resistance, both across and partly within organs. We conclude that coarse roots are not highly vulnerable to xylem embolism as commonly believed, indicating that hydraulic failure during soil drying might be restricted to fine roots.</p>
Induced polarization and hydraulic tomography inversion results of the Bolstern aquifer analog
<p>These data are supplementary material for the following publication:</p> <p>Römhild, L., Fiandaca, G., Hu, L., Meyer, L., Bayer, P. (2022): Imaging hydraulic conductivity in near-surface aquifers by complementing cross-borehole induced polarization with hydraulic experiments. Advances in Water Resources, 170, 104322.<br> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2022.104322.</p> <p>The data set presents Induced Polarisation (IP) and Hydraulic Tomography (HT) inversion results achieved from synthetic experiments on the Bolstern aquifer analog. It consists of the original Bolstern data set (hydraulic conductivity and porosity information) as described in Heinz et al. (2003) as well as the IP and HT inversion results with three different spacings (0.25 m, 0.5 m, 1 m) and two additional IP calibration approaches (factor and exponential calibration). All results are given as 2D cross-sections with the corresponding K-information.</p>
Delineating the Controlling Factors of Hydraulic Fracturing-Induced Seismicity in the Northern Montney Play, Northeastern British Columbia, Canada, with Machine Learning
<p>Earthquake catalog for northern Montney Play from 2014-2021.</p>
Dataset files for 'Tan et al., Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'
<p>These files are the data and result files for the manuscript entitled<strong> 'Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'</strong> by Tan et al., including</p> <p>catalog.dat : the seismic phase catalog used in seismic tomography</p> <p>station.dat : the station coordinates of the local seismic network</p> <p>relocation.dat : the earthquake relocations obtained by double-difference seismic tomography</p> <p>1-D Vs.xlsx : the 1-D Vs model in the shale gas field</p> <p>3-D Vp.dat: the 3-D Vp model obtained by DD seismic tomography</p> <p>3-D Vs.dat: the 3-D Vs model obtained by DD seismic tomography</p> <p>3-D VpVs.sgy: the 3-D Vp/Vs model obtained by DD seismic tomography (3-5 km)</p> <p>3-D pressure.sgy: the 3-D pore pressure field model obtained by focal mechanism tomography (3-5 km)</p>
Dataset files for 'Tan et al., Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'
<p>These files are the data and result files for the manuscript entitled<strong> 'Hydraulic Fracturing Induced Seismicity in the Changning Shale Gas Field: Evidence From 3-D Seismic Velocity Structure and Pore Pressure Field Models'</strong> by Tan et al., including</p> <p><strong>station.dat</strong> : the station coordinates of the local seismic network (including the station ID, longitude, latitude, elevation(negative)/depth(positive), X, Y)</p> <p><strong>catalog.dat</strong> : the seismic phase catalog used in double-difference (DD) seismic tomography</p> <p><strong>relocation.dat </strong>: the earthquake relocations obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>1-D Vs.xlsx</strong> : the 1-D Vs model in the shale gas field</p> <p><strong>3-D Vp.dat</strong>: the 3-D Vp model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>3-D Vs.dat</strong>: the 3-D Vs model obtained by DD tomography</p> <p><strong>3-D VpVs.sgy</strong>: the 3-D Vp/Vs model (interpolated, within 3-5 km)</p> <p><strong>3-D pressure.sgy</strong>: the 3-D pore pressure field model (interpolated, within 3-5 km)</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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