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Figure 1 in Impact of Drought and Land - Use Changes on Surface - Water Quality and Quantity: The Sahelian Paradox

Figure 1. - Location of the sampling site (star) of flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans in the Eastern English Channel.

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Figure 3 in Impact of Drought and Land - Use Changes on Surface - Water Quality and Quantity: The Sahelian Paradox

Figure 3. - Specimen of flying gurnard Dactylopterus volitans (MNHN 2013-0612; 47 cm TL) caught in the Eastern English Channel in 2011.

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Figure 2 in Impact of Drought and Land - Use Changes on Surface - Water Quality and Quantity: The Sahelian Paradox

Figure 2. - Whole otolith of flying gurnard (Dactylopterus volitans) with annotation of growth rings (red stars).

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

Galvanising the Open Access Community: A Study on the Impact of Plan S - Data and Code

<div> <div> <div> <div> This repository contains the datasets and code underpinning Chapter 3 "Counterfactual Impact Evaluation of Plan S" of the report "Galvanising the Open Access Community: A Study on the Impact of Plan S" commissioned by the cOAlition S to scidecode science consulting. Two categories of files are part of this repository: 1. Datasets  The 21 CSV source files contain the subsets of publications funded by the funding agencies that are part of this study. These files have been provided by OA.Works, with whom scidecode has collaborated for the data collection process. Data sources and collection and processing workflows applied by OA.Works are described on their website and specifically at <a href="https://about.oa.report/docs/data">https://about.oa.report/docs/data</a>. The file "plan_s.dta" is the aggregated data file stored in the format ".dta", which can be accessed with STATA by default or with plenty of programming languages using the respective packages, e.g., R or Python.  2. Code files The associated code files that have been used to process the data files are: <pre> - data_prep_and_analysis_script.do - coef_plots_script.R</pre> The first file has been used to process the CSV data files above for data preparation and analysis purposes. Here, data aggregation and data preprocessing is executed.  Furthermore, all statistical regressions for the ounterfactual impact evaluation are listed in this code file. The second code file "coef_plots_script.R" uses the computed results of the counterfactual impact evaluation to create the final graphic plots using the ggplot2 package. The first ".do" file has to be run in STATA, the second one (".R") requires the use of an integrated development environment for R.  Further Information are avilable in the final report and via the followng URLs: <pre><a href="https://www.coalition-s.org/">https://www.coalition-s.org/</a> <a href="https://scidecode.com/">https://scidecode.com/</a> <a href="https://oa.works/">https://oa.works/</a> <a href="https://openalex.org/">https://openalex.org/</a> <a href="https://sites.google.com/view/wbschmal">https://sites.google.com/view/wbschmal</a> </pre> </div> </div> </div> </div>

Fig. 4 in Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

Fig. 4. Comparison among Bray-Curtis dissimilarity indices of aquatic insect assemblages associated with white ginger lily banks and native vegetation profile in the littoral zone of a tropical reservoir in the Brazilian Savanna (Group 1, white ginger lily; Group 2, invaded forest; Group 3, native macrophyte; Group 4, riparian vegetation).

Fig. 2 in Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

Fig. 2. Comparison between ecological variables of aquatic insect assemblages associated with invasive white ginger lily bank and other native vegetation banks in the littoral zone of a tropical reservoir in the Brazilian Savanna (A, abundance; B, richness; C, Simpson diversity; IM, invasive macrophyte; IF, invaded forest; NM, native macrophyte; RV, riparian vegetation).

Fig. 1 in Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

Fig. 1. Location and characterization of vegetation profile banks of the Fazzari reservoir in the Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado Biome, Brazil).

Fig. 3 in Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

Fig. 3. Analyses of non-metric MDS of aquatic insect assemblages associated with white ginger lilY banks and native vegetation profiles in the littoral zone of a tropical reservoir in the Brazilian Savanna (●, white ginger lilY; ○, invaded forest; ∆, native macrohYte; ▲, riparian vegetation).

Fig. 7. A in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 7. A. Strict consensus trees from analysis of Verzi et al. (2014). B. Strict consensus of 27 MPTs of 139 steps resulting from the cladistic analysis of data matrix given in SOM 1. C. Strict consensus of 45 MPTs of 142 steps that resulted from cladistic analysis of data matrix given in SOM 2. D. Strict consensus of 42 MPTs of 146 steps that resulted from cladistic analysis of data matrix given in SOM 3.

Fig. 5 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 5. Common mapping (union of the optimizations over MPT) of the character 68 on the consenus (according to outcome of cladistics analysis of Verzi et al. 2014), showing the occlusal patterns of terminals. Character states: 68-0 (green), 68-1 (blue), and ambiguity (red). Nodes P, Q, and N show clades as in Fig. 3. Node J clusters the traditionally recognized Octodontinae and Ctenomyinae with genera previously included in other taxa of Octodontoidea. Occlusal figures of terminals represent left m1 or m2 and were essentially modified from Verzi et al. (2014: fig. 8).

Fig. 6 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 6. Common mapping (union of the optimizations over MPT) of the character 69 on the consensus (according to outcome of cladistic analysis of Verzi et al. 2014), showing the occlusal patterns of terminals. Character states: 69-0 (green), 69-1 (blue), 69-2 (black). Occlusal pattern of Acaremys ( including Sciamys), showing adult m2 with transverse or slightly oblique lophids (see text), remarks the need to consider a polymorphic condition, character 69 [01], for this taxon. Occlusal figures of terminals represent left m1 or m2 and were essentially modified from Verzi et al. (2014: fig. 8).

Fig. 2 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 2. Character state coding of character 67 of Verzi et al. (2014), "Mesolophid of m1–2 or the corresponding spur" as scored by these authors for several octodontoid taxa. A. Myocastor, scored as 67-0 (i.e., present, at least during early ontogenetic stages). B. Acaremys (including Sciamys), scored as 67-0 (i.e., present, at least during early ontogenetic stages). C. Proechimys, scored as 67 [02], showing a specimen corresponding to character state 67-2 (i.e., fused to metalophulid II forming a complex crest). D. Neophanomys, scored as 67-1 (i.e., absent). E. Thrichomys, scored as "?". F. The tetralophodont Spaniomys, scored as "?". G. Sciamys, showing persistence of transverse lophids in an adult specimen (MLP 15- 218). Vertical and horizontal lines indicate essentially the same occlusal patterns that were differently scored.

Fig. 3 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 3. Common mapping (union of the optimizations over MPT) of the character 67 on the consensus (according to outcome of cladistic analysis of Verzi et al. 2014), showing the occlusal patterns of terminals. Character states: 67-0 (green), 67-1 (blue), 67-2 (black), and ambiguity (red). Node Q shows the clade comprising traditional octodontines and the optimization at this node (character state 67-0). Node P indicates clade that clusters Acaremys and traditional octodontines. Node K (supported by the character-state 67-1; see Verzi et al. 2014: som 1d) indicates the grouping of Protadelphomys– Willidewu–Sallamys, Chasicomys, Chasichimys, and traditional ctenomyines (node N). Occlusal figures of terminals represent left m1 or m2 and were essentially modified from Verzi et al. (2014: fig. 8).

Fig. 1 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 1. Hypotheses of correspondences for most anterior lophids of tetralophodont lower molars of octodontoids, after Candela and Rasia (2012: fig. 6E, F) (A, B) and Verzi et al. (2014) (C, D). A. Second lophid homologued to the metalophulid II. B. Second lophid homologued to the metalophulid II, and connected to the metalophulid I. C. Second lophid homologued to the mesolophid, identified in certain octodontoid taxa (see text). D. Second lophid corresponding to the mesolophid + metalophulid II, forming a complex crest (see text).Yellow and red colors indicate different homologies proposed for the second lophid in Octodontoid lower molars.

Fig. 4 in Analyzing the impact of conflictive dental characters on the phylogeny of octodontoid rodents

Fig. 4. Character state coding of character 68 of Verzi et al. (2014). "Metalophulid II in non-laminar m1–2", as scored by these authors for several octodontoid taxa. A. Acarechimys minutissimus, scored as 68-1 (i.e., metalophulid II, "reduced, proximal portion forming a spur or absent, distal portion fused to metalophulid I so that the lingual end of the latter is usually expanded"). B. Euryzygomatomys, scored as "?". C. Eumysops, scored as "?", see also Thrichomys among others taxa scored as "?".

Fig. 5 in The Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"

Fig. 5. Evolving timing of the multi−ring Woodleigh impact structure, manifested in purported causal connection with the P–T and F–F mass extinctions, as a reflection of variously dated processes. Age constraints still range from post−Middle Devonian to pre−Early Jurassic, but the connection with the D–C global event seems to be most likely (Glikson et al. 2005).

Fig. 4 in The Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"

Fig. 4. Evolving timing of the Siljan Ring (53 km diameter; see Fig. 2), depending on different timescales and improved radiometric dates.

Fig. 3 in The Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"

Fig. 3. Extraterrestrial elemental proxy Ir, and supplementary Ni, against other geochemical markers in the F–F boundary beds at Kowala, Holy Cross Mountains (after Racki et al. 2002: fig. 8; used with permission from Elsevier); Ir values from an unpublished report (dated 2004) by Yuichi Hatsukawa and Mohammad Mahmudy Gharaie; Ni contents from Racka (1999: table 2); for other data see references in Racki et al. (2011).

Fig. 2 in The Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"

Fig. 2. Crater temporal distribution, with possible record at the F–F boundary (A), plotted against Devonian biodiversity losses in terms of substages (B), data from Bambach 2006: fig. 1 (used with permission from the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Volume 34 © 2006 by Annual Reviews, http://www.annualreviews.org.), re−arranged according to the timescale of Kaufman (2006; see the updated tiiming in Becker et al. 2012; Fig. 4); the reconstructed middle Frasnian Alamo crater is also shown to reveal low biodiversity loss in that time (arrowed), as well as the controversial Woodleigh impact structure (see Fig. 5) and the biostratigraphically dated Flynn Creek submarine crater (Schieber and Over 2005). Vertical lines correspond to possible temporal ranges. Abbreviations: Carb., Carboniferous; Givet., Givetian; Lochk., Lochkovian; Prag., Pragian; Silur, Silurian.

Fig. 1 in The Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction; limits to its applicability and the "great expectations syndrome"

Fig. 1. Scheme of the three successive levels in the testing process, encompassing application of the Alvarez impact theory of mass extinction, and possible errors resulting from the "great expectations syndrome" (sensu Tsujita 2001).