Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

cultural heritage elements in Andalusia and demographic data sorted by urban category

Dataset concerning cultural heritage elements and demographic data in Andalusia at the municipality level, as they appear on SIMA (Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía), March 2023. They have been sorted by urban category, depending on the number of inhabitants of each municipality: less than 1.000 inhabitants, 1.000 to 10.000 inhabitants, 10.000 to 100.000 inhabitants, and more than 100.000 inhabitants.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Urban flask measurements of CO2ff and CO to identify emission sources at different site types in Auckland, New Zealand

As part of the CarbonWatch-NZ research programme, air samples were collected at 28 sites around Auckland, New Zealand to determine the atmospheric ratio (RCO) of excess (local enhancement over background) carbon monoxide to fossil CO2 (CO2ff). Sites were categorised into seven types (background, forest, industrial, suburban, urban, downwind, and motorway) to observe RCO around Auckland. Flasks from motorway sites observed RCO of 14 ± 1 ppb/ppm and were used to evaluate traffic RCO. The similarity between suburban (14 ± 1 ppb/ppm) and traffic RCO suggests that traffic dominates suburban CO2ff emissions during daytime hours, the period of flask collection. The lower urban RCO (11 ± 1 ppb/ppm) suggests that urban CO2ff emissions are comprised of more than just traffic, with contributions from residential, commercial, and industrial sources, all with a lower RCO than traffic. Finally, the downwind sites were believed to best represent RCO for Auckland City overall (11 ± 1 ppb/ppm). We demonstrate that the initial discrepancy between the downwind RCO and Auckland's estimated daytime inventory RCO (15 ppb/ppm) can be attributed to an overestimation in inventory traffic CO emissions. After revision based on our observed motorway RCO, the revised inventory RCO (12 ppb/ppm) is consistent with our observations.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Survey data of an integrative evaluation framework for assessing the sustainability of different types of urban agriculture

In this dataset we present core data of an integrative evaluation framework for assessing the environmental, social, and economic sustainability of urban agriculture. The multi-criteria analysis is conducted by an Analytic Hierarchy Process and a participatory approach. The data integrate the selection and weighting of sub-criteria based on two online surveys: 1) Survey 1: The selection of suitable sub-criteria for assessing the sustainability of urban agriculture was done by European scientific experts. 2) Survey 2: The weighting of the selected sub-criteria was done on the example of vertical farming and community supported agriculture. Therefore, we involved stakeholders representing key actors for the implementation of urban agriculture: city administrations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) of ten German case study cities, practitioners and technical-scientific experts.   List of data and content 1) Survey_1 (*.zip): <ul> <li>Survey_1_Criteria_Selection_English: Online survey in English (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_1_Information_Sub-criteria_English: Information about the sub-criteria provided in the survey (in English) (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_1_Groups: Results of the statistical analyses (U-tests and Kruscal-Wallis) to detect group-specific differences (e.g. gender, different length or degree of experience with urban agriculture, scientific focus, target group, expertise); the tests were conducted with IBM SPSS Statistics 25 (*.xlsx)</li> </ul> 2) Survey_2 (*.zip): <ul> <li>Survey_2_AHP_City_Administrations_German: Online survey for city administrations in German (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_2_AHP_Practitioners_German: Online survey for practitioners and technical-scientific experts in German (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_2_AHP_NGOs_German: Online survey for NGOs in German (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_2_Information_Sub-Criteria_German: Information about the sub-criteria provided in the survey (in German) (*.pdf)</li> <li>Survey_2_Groups: Results of the statistical analyses (U-tests and Kruscal-Wallis) to detect group-specific differences (e.g. gender, different length or degree of experience with urban agriculture, scientific focus, target group, expertise); the tests were conducted with IBM SPSS Statistics 25 (*.xlsx)</li> <li>rdata_CA_AHP_edible_Cities_2022-03-18_10-28: Results of the survey for city administrations (*.csv)</li> <li>rdata_NGO_AHP_edible_Cities_2022-03-18_10-40: Results of the survey for NGOs (*.csv)</li> <li>rdata_PE_AHP_edible_Cities_2022-03-18_10-41: Results of the survey for practitioners and technical-scientific experts (*.csv)</li> <li>rdata_all_AHP_edible_Cities_2022-03-18_09-53: Total results of the survey</li> </ul>   Data acquisition and processing The methods are described in this linked publication: John, H., & Artmann, M. (2024). Introducing an integrative evaluation framework for assessing the sustainability of different types of urban agriculture. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 16 (1), 35-52. doi: 10.1080/19463138.2024.2317795 The methodology of the performed analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is published in a separate repository on GitHub including a paper that systematically explains the AHP by means of code examples, starting with the raw data, through their adaptation to the software functions of the ahpsurvey R-package, and finally, execution of the AHP up to the visualization of the results.   Acknowledgments The authors thank Mabel Killinger and Marie Herzig for their help in stakeholder identification as well as all experts and stakeholders for their participation in the two online surveys and their helpful comments. Data processing and analysis by means of an Analytic Hierarchy Process in R would not have been possible without the help of Björn Kasper.

opencc-zeroMar 2023View details →

Measures of urban form and mobility energy use indices for each census tract in the United States

This dataset contains data on urban form (the configuration of the built environment) for each census tract in the United States, encompassing density (destination access), land use diversity (entropy), road network properties, road network capacity relative to the surrounding population, and public transit access. Metrics are measured around the centroid of each census tract in multiple given radii. The data also contain other publicly available metrics for each census tract that may be helpful, such as each tract's associated city, zipcode, and county name, area and water area, and centroid coordinates. Certain measures resemble those available in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencies' Smart Location database or were derived from them, while others were compiled using additional data sources and the statistical model presented in the associated main article. Specifically, the data presented here contain travel energy use indices for each census tract, reflecting the estimated difference in daily land-based mobility energy use per capita relative to the baseline (the U.S. average) as a result of that environment's particular urban form.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Dataset for Manuscript: Comparing Urban Anthropogenic NMVOC Measurements with Representation in Emission Inventories - A Global Perspective

Urban observations of individual NMVOCs and the calculated or reported emission ratios used for comparison to emission inventories.

opencc-by-nc-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Wide-Area Geolocalization with a Limited Field of View Camera in Challenging Urban Environments Dataset

Rectified imagery with latitude and longitude tags for paths driven throughout Cambridge and Boston, MA in November 2022. Faces and license plates have been blurred for anonymity. Dataset created for “Wide-Area Geolocalization with a Limited Field of View Camera in Challenging Urban Environments” paper, currently under review in IEEE Transactions on Robotics. Lena M. Downes is a Draper Scholar at MIT.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Species richness and nativity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in urban and suburban areas of Kingston, Jamaica

The dataset contains the raw data for the paper on the species richness and nativity of ants in urban and suburban areas of Kingston, Jamaica.

opencc-zeroApr 2023View details →

Data from: Supplementation of seasonal natural resources with year-round anthropogenic resources by coyotes in natural fragments within a high-density urban area

Coyotes (Canis latrans) in urban landscapes provide important food web functions and ecological services but can also trigger human-wildlife conflict when their diet includes anthropogenic resources or domestic pets. As adaptable omnivores, coyotes adjust their diet to their environment, routinely switching among food items to accommodate spatial and seasonal differences in availability. To evaluate coyotes' potential impacts within the food web of urban Long Beach, California where human-wildlife conflict involving coyotes may occur, we analyzed 115 scat samples collected once every two weeks from two open space fragments inside the urban matrix. We hypothesized that differences in scat composition would correlate with seasonal and site differences, with greater use of anthropogenic resources during the dry season supplementing lower prey availability, and greater consumption of wild mammal prey during the wet season when rabbits and small mammals reproduce. We found coyote diet was predominately composed of natural prey and vegetation year-round. Mammals made up more of the coyote diet in the wet season than the dry, while arthropods and vegetation occurred more in dry season scats. Coyotes relied on rabbits as their main prey year-round across all sites. Domestic cats (Felis catus) were the third most common individual prey species found in coyote scats; we did not find evidence of domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) consumption. The overall frequency of mammalian remains did not differ across sites but did differ across sites for other prey types. While there is a potential for human-wildlife conflict in coyote's consumption of feral or domestic cats, coyotes may also be providing an ecological service by reducing cats in natural habitat fragments.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

A dataset of nectar sugar production for flowering plants found in urban greenspaces

<ol> <li>Nectar and pollen are floral resources that provide food for insect pollinators, so quantifying their supplies can help us to understand and mitigate pollinator declines. However, most existing datasets of floral resource measurements focus on native plants found in rural landscapes, so cannot be used effectively for estimating supplies in urban green spaces, where non-native ornamental plants often predominate.</li> <li>We sampled floral nectar sugar in 225 plant taxa found in UK residential gardens and other urban green spaces, focussing on the most common species. The vast majority (94%) of our sampled taxa are non-native, filling an important research gap and ensuring these data are also relevant outside of the UK.</li> <li>Our dataset includes values of daily nectar sugar production for all 225 taxa and nectar sugar concentration for around half (102) of those sampled. Nectar extraction was conducted according to published methods, ensuring our values can be combined with other datasets.</li> <li>We anticipate that the two main uses of these data are (1) to estimate the nectar production of habitats and landscapes, and (2) to identify high-nectar plants of conservation importance. To increase the utility of our data we provide guidance for scaling nectar values up from single flowers to floral units, as is commonly done in field studies.</li> </ol>

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Datasets and analysis for: Microclimatic buffering in forest, agricultural and urban landscapes through the lens of a grass-feeding insect

Using this dataset, we aimed to identify the microclimatic offsets that accurately represent the environment in which a small arthropod spends most of its life. As a case study, we selected grassy sites that corresponded to the microhabitat of grass-feeding insects in general, and larvae of the butterfly Pararge aegeria in particular, as this insect recently expanded its habitat use from forest (edges) to agricultural and urban environments. We tested to what extent local microclimates and microclimatic buffering capacity differed between tufts of grass in forest and in two anthropogenic (i.e. agricultural and urban) landscape settings by measuring microclimatic variables with sensors at the level of the grasses. We compared temperature, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) during an exceptionally warm and dry summer period with parallel data from weather stations and tested for differences between microclimatic profiles among the three landscape settings. Using this approach, our findings stress the functional implications of landscape-specific microclimatic profiles at the appropriate organism-centred scale.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Roles of regional transport and vertical mixing in aerosol pollution in Shanghai over the COVID-19 lockdown period observed above urban canopy

Abstract Regional transport and vertical mixing are important for aerosol pollution of megacities, but their roles are often challenging to assess via ground observations. In this study, we measured aerosol chemical composition simultaneously above urban canopy (Shanghai Tower, 609 m), a site representative of aerosols from regional scale, and a nearby ground site and investigated the roles of regional transport and vertical mixing over 2020 COVID-19 lockdown period (Jan.1-Apr. 18), when local emissions were first drastically reduced and then recovered. During the lockdown period, regional transport was the major source of most aerosol species (organics, NO3-, SO42-, and NH4+) at both heights according to the high correlation coefficients (R=0.81~0.87) between both heights. Correlation coefficients and vertical ratios (609 m/ground) of most aerosol components showed similar diurnal variations with the evolution of planetary boundary layer height, indicating the role of vertical mixing in aerosol pollution. Moreover, the concentrations of aerosol components at 609 m generally preceded those at ground level by 1~2 h, indicating that aerosols were first transported at upper boundary layer, and then were mixed downwards to ground level. At 609 m, highly oxidized oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA; a surrogate of secondary organic aerosol (SOA)) dominated in organic aerosol (≥75%). The high correlations (R=0.96) between OOA and hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA; a surrogate of primary organic aerosol (POA)) at 609 m indicated that they originated similarly from regional transport. This study highlights the importance of regional joint prevention and control of pollutant emissions and observation above urban canopy.   The data files are provided for readers to evaluate this research.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Experimental dataset on a large-scale urban drainage physical facility

The present dataset contains the results from the test carried out at a large-scale urban drainage facility located in the Hydraulics Laboratory of the Centre of Technological Innovation in Construction and Civil Engineering (CITEEC) at the University of A Coruña (Spain) within the scope of the project SATURNO - Early warning against pluvial flooding in urban areas [PID2020-118368RB-I00]. The main goal of the project SATURNO is to establish a robust methodology for the development and implementation of operational Early Warning System (EWS) for pluvial flood risk in urban areas. The experimental facility represents a T-intersection street of 100 m2 linked to a sewer system, and it is equipped with a rainfall simulator able to generate spatially homogeneous rainfall intensities. The dataset includes the results of experiments on roofs, street surfaces, inlets, manholes and the outfall of the drainage system as well as all products obtained during the tests. The dataset is structured in the following items: <ul> <li>01_Physical_model_description: Full description of the urban drainage installation.</li> <li>02_Geometries: Geometry of streets, roofs, and drainage network ready for import into numerical.</li> <li>03_Rain_intensity_maps: Rainfall maps of the intensities generated with the rainfall simulator in the experiments.</li> <li>04_Digital_Elevation_Models: Digital Terrain Models of the street surface and roofs.</li> <li>05_Experimental_procedure: Full description of the experimental procedure, equipment, measuring points, results, and structure of the database.</li> <li>06_ Hydraulic_tests_database: Database with post-processed experimental results ready for use. Results of flow rates of the 4 roofs, the 4 inlets, the 4 manholes, the grate and the outfall and the depths of the 9 surface points are presented. A file with additional data on the measuring points is also included.</li> <li>07_Supplementary_material: QGIS project with the products obtained.</li> <li>08_Multimedia: Photos and videos of the platform and experiments.</li> </ul> The roofs results have been used in Sañudo et al. (2022) to assess three different numerical implementations to model rainfall-runoff transformation on roofs [DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14588">https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14588</a>] This study was received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) within the project “SATURNO: Early warning against pluvial flooding in urban areas” (PID2020-118368RB-I00).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Characterisation of night-time outdoor lighting in small urban centres using cluster analysis of remotely sensed light emissions (Dataset)

Data used for the paper "Characterisation of night-time outdoor lighting in small urban centres using cluster analysis of remotely sensed light emissions".

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Dataset on Integrated Urban Scenarios

This dataset supports the original research article Kılkış (2023) on “Integrated urban scenarios of emissions, land use efficiency and benchmarking for climate neutrality and sustainability.”  The dataset involves a total of 37 datasheets that are organised into three main domains as follows: <ol> <li>The first domain contains 9 datasheets focused on urban emissions scenarios. Analysed and generated data on carbon footprint per capita, SSP1 urban population projections per urban area, mitigation ratio of emissions trends per scenario, and annual urban emissions in 5-year intervals between 2015 and 2050 are given. Such data is followed by annual urban emissions data as a function of the given variables summed for cumulative urban emissions between 2020 and 2050. Related datasheets involve four scenarios SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP1-RE, and SSP1-RE-MC for 45 urban areas. The latter scenario extends local ambition-driven targets for 15 Mission Cities.</li> <li>The second domain with 4 datasheets focuses on the impacts of land use efficiency (LUE). Data contains LUE values per urban area, built-up area in the reference and future years, and the annual CO2 sequestration penalty as a function of the urban area, its local biome, and LUE scenario in 5-year intervals between 2020 and 2050. These datasheets involve four scenarios LUE 5%, LUE 15%, LUE Av, and LUE Best scenarios.</li> <li>The third domain has 24 datasheets based on the mean, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile values of 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations for each scenario that summarises the results of 3.6 million cells of data (45 urban areas x 10,000 simulations x 8 scenarios). These later worksheets involve the annual urban emissions per urban area for cumulative urban emissions (SSP1-1.9, SSP1-2.6, SSP1-RE, and SSP1-RE-MC) and annual CO2 sequestration penalty for cumulative CO2 sequestration penalties (LUE 5%, LUE 15%, LUE Av, and LUE Best) based on the Monte Carlo simulation results.</li> </ol> The data structure is described in the information sheet and the dataset contains a total of 55,309 cells of data. The method and results based on the data are described in the original article that is published in Energy. The dataset of this original research article should be cited as: Kılkış (2023), Dataset on Integrated Urban Scenarios (v1.0.0). Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7983041">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7983041</a>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

Sample data for "Urban Dynamics Through the Lens of Human Mobility"

Sample data in Boston for paper "Urban Dynamics Through the Lens of Human Mobility".

Pluralizing environmental values for urban planning: How to uncover the diversity of imaginaries about socio-natures from Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country, Spain)

<ol> <li>Cities have pushed forward re-naturing initiatives in local planning agendas. Discourses and rationales for such interventions tend to follow instrumental framings often narrowed down to the economic, health, and ecological benefits of nature's contributions to people (NCP). Yet, diverse urban residents often connect to other socio-nature framings that are associated with a plurality of values held for nature, including relational, intrinsic, and instrumental values.</li> <li>Focusing mostly on urban NCP, we used Q-methodology to explore the perspectives and expressions of urban residents' diversity of values for urban greenery and broader human-nature relationships. We explore the role of both instrumental and relational values, as well as certain potential disvalues of urban NCP. In light of the recent IBPES values assessment (IBPES 2022) we follow a call for empirical studies and methodologies to explore, elicit, and visibilize plural values about nature.</li> <li>We base our study in the Basque city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain (2012 European Green Capital) where we identify four distinct perspectives, all of which relate to a diversity of values about urban nature. Urban residents mostly perceive positive values for NCP as directly connected to their wellbeing. Yet, NCP that impact social bonds within their social community, expressed for instance through community-related values, are perceived differently across the four perspectives.</li> <li>We conclude that planners and decision-makers should pay scrutiny to include the four, partly differing, perspectives about the plural values of (urban) NCP in policymaking processes to assure just and inclusive outcomes. Here, intersectional and participatory approaches are needed beyond dominating framings of NCPs and related values, especially those that can take into account the needs and preferences of marginalized social groups. Special emphasis should be put on integrating relational values as nourishing such values through planning can play an important role in creating place-rooted connections with local urban landscapes and the community. </li> </ol>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2012View details →

Abb. 1 in Die Allmend in Luzern: Urbaner Lebensraum einer artenreichen Fauna xylobionter Käfer (Coleoptera)

Abb. 1. Einige der über 50 Alteichen im «Allmendpark». (Foto: Roman Graf)

Data for: Visualization of the hidden food sources of bass (Micropterus salmoides), crucian carp (Carassius carassius), and minnow (Zacco platypus) using 18S rRNA V9 primers on urban Singal Reservoir in Korea

Fish are the most important consumers in aquatic ecosystems, and the analysis of fish prey is very important for understanding their short-term feeding characteristics and the connectivity of food webs. In this study, DNA metabarcoding was used to identify the prey of the native fish species, Zacco platypus (the pale chub) and Carassius carassius, and an introduced species, Micropterus salmoides, in domestic lentic ecosystems. Prey community composition, selectivity index, prey diversity, and trophic level analyses were performed. The prey composition ratio analysis showed that in August 2020, 85.8% of M. salmoides' prey was fish from the orders Cypriniformes and Perciformes, and in July 2021, 100% of M. salmoides' prey was zooplankton from the orders Anomopoda and Calanoida. Zooplankton was the main prey of Z. platypus collected in August 2020 (69.5%) and C. carassius collected in July 2021 (88.9%). The selectivity index analysis showed that the preferred prey of M. salmoides was fish from the order Cypriniformes, the preferred prey of Z. platypus was phytoplankton from the division Bacillariophyta, and the preferred prey of C. carassius was zooplankton from the order Cladocera. For the prey width analysis, C. carassius had the highest BI index value (0.8), followed by Z. platypus (0.29), while M. salmoides had BI index values of 0.09, 0.19, and 0.001, indicating low prey width. These results provide fundamental data on the utility of DNA metabarcoding for dietary studies of major fish species in lentic ecosystems and for analyzing food web connectivity based on major prey items.

Data from: Novel microsatellite markers for epiphytic bromeliad Tillandsia recurvata L., in an urban landscape in South-eastern Brazil

The authors present seven novel microsatellite markers for Tillandsia recurvata L. The genome assemble sequences of T. recurvata were obtained from NCBI (7.2Gb) (Sayers et al. 2022). The BioProject Accession and accession numbers are PRJNA701548 and SRX10089449, respectively. The microsatellite identification software Krait (0.5.2) (Du et al. 2018) was used to detect suitable microsatellites, both genome-wide and in the noncoding regions of T. recurvata. The single sequence repeats (SSRs) were refined to a minimum number of seven repeats of di-, tri-, or tetra-nucleotide repeat motifs. These sequences were further limited to SSRs of more than 100bp in length and low GC content (<50%). Krait (0.5.2) (Du et al. 2018) was also used to design the primers for the selected SSR sequences, in conjunction with the integrated Primer3 software. The criteria for primer selection included: a primer length of 18-26bp, an optimal melting temperature (Tm) of 54-59°C and GC content of <50%. These designed primers were single-plexed and amplified using the following PCR cycle: initial denaturation (95°C for 3 min), 34 cycles of 95°C for 30s, annealing for 30s (JP01-JP12: 54°C, 4873TD + 35251TD: 56°C, 19286TD: 53°C, 5044TD + 186664TD + 214633TD: 58°C), 72°C for 1 min and a final extension of 72°C for 5 mins. The authors make this information available to other researchers, to continue the investigation of epiphyte genetics.

Data for: Effects of landcover on mesocarnivore density along an urban to rural gradient

Human development has major implications for wildlife populations. Urban-exploiter species can benefit from human subsidized resources, whereas urban-avoider species can vanish from wildlife communities in highly developed areas. Therefore, understanding how the density of different species varies in response to landcover changes associated with human development can provide important insight into how wildlife communities are likely to change and provide a starting point for predicting the consequences of those changes. Here, we estimated the population density of five common mesocarnivore species (coyote (Canis latrans), bobcat (Lynx rufus), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), raccoon (Procyon lotor), and Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana)) along an urban to rural gradient in the greater Fayetteville Area, Northwest Arkansas, USA between November 2021, and March 2022. At each study site, we applied the Random Encounter Model (REM) to data from motion-triggered cameras to calculate the density of our five focal species. Coyote density ranged from 0–3.47 with a mean of 0.4 individuals/km2. Raccoon density ranged from 0–93.26 with a mean of 4.2 individuals/ km2. Bobcat density ranged from 0–8.87 with a mean of 0.33 individuals/km2. Opossum density ranged from 0–27.35 with a mean of 0.76 individuals/km2. Red fox density ranged from 0–0.73, with a mean of 0.02 individuals/km2. We used generalized linear models to evaluate the density of each species against environmental and anthropogenic variables. Coyotes and raccoons occurred in the greatest densities in areas with high anthropogenic noise levels, suggesting that both species are synanthropic and able to co-exist in areas of high human activity. Alternatively, Virginia opossum and red fox densities were greatest in open, developed areas (lawns, golf courses, cemeteries, and parks) and were absent (red fox) or rare (opossum) in natural areas. We found no evidence that bobcat density varied along the urban to rural gradient studied, but this lack of evidence may have been driven by the small spatial scale of many of our sites in relation to space needs of this wide-ranging species. The density estimates we report based on game camera data of unmarked animals were consistent with reports from the literature for these same species derived from traditional methods, providing additional support to the REM as a viable, non-invasive method to calculate density of unmarked species.