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763 results for “Antioxidant”
Effect of heat shock and competition on the antioxidant system of round goby
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Monitoring oxidative stress biomarkers has become a powerful and common tool to estimate organismal condition and response to endogenous and environmental factors. In the present study, we used round goby (<i>Neogobius melanostomus</i>) from non-native European populations, as a model species to test sex differences in oxidative stress biomarkers. Considering sex differences in reproductive investment, we hypothesized that males would display lower resistance to abiotic stress. Fish were exposed to a heat shock (temperature elevated by 10°C) for 1h, 6h, and 12h and catalase activity (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in liver and muscle tissues. Liver of males was significantly more responsive compared to liver of females in all tested parameters. GSH was found to be the most responsive to heat stress exposure in both sexes. The results supported our hypothesis that male reproductive investment (territoriality, courtship, and brood care) and likelihood of only a single spawning period in their lifetime influenced on higher sensitivity of their antioxidant defence. On the other hand, for females antioxidant defence is considered more important to survive the environmental changes and successfully reproduce in the next season. Our experiments exposed fish to acute thermal stress. Further research should determine the effects of exposure to chronic thermal stress to corroborate our understanding on sex differences in antioxidant defence in the round goby.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Resveratrol loaded chitosan-pectin core-shell nanoparticles as novel drug delivery vehicle for sustained release and improved antioxidant activities
<p><span>Resveratrol, chemically known as 3, 5, 4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene, is a natural polyphenol with promising multi-targeted health benefits. The optimal therapeutic uses of resveratrol are limited due to its poor solubility, rapid metabolism and low bioavailability. To address the issues, we have encapsulated resveratrol inside the nanosized core made of chitosan and coated this core with pectin - shell in order to fabricate a drug delivery vehicle which can entrap resveratrol for a longer period of time. The core - shell nanoparticles fabricated in this way were characterized with the help of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Field Emission Transmission electron microscopy/Selected Area Electron Diffraction (FETEM/SAED), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM)), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Zeta Potential measurements. In vitro drug release study showed the ability of the core-shell nanoparticles to provide sustained release of resveratrol for almost 30 hours. The release efficiency of the drug was found to be pH dependent and a sequential control over drug release can be obtained varying the shell thickness. The resveratrol encapsulated in a nanocarrier was found to have a better in vitro antioxidant activity than free resveratrol as determined by DPPH radical scavenging method. This work finally offers a novel nano-based drug delivery system.</span></p>
Effect of dietary Chlorella vulgaris and carbohydrate-active enzymes on the general health, immune status, antioxidant capacity, and liver lipids and metabolites of weaned piglets
<p>It was evaluated the impact of dietary inclusion of <em>Chlorella vulgaris </em>(CH) and carbohydrases on the general health, immune and oxidative status, and hepatic lipids and metabolites of piglets. Forty-four male weaned piglets were allocated into four diets: control (<em>n</em>=11), CH (control diet with 5% CH, <em>n</em>=10), CH+R (control diet with 5% CH plus 0.005% Rovabio<sup>®</sup>Excel AP, <em>n</em>=10), and CH+M (control diet with 5% CH plus 0.01% of a pre-selected four-CAZyme mixture, <em>n</em>=11) for 15 days. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol were increased by CH. In piglets fed CH<em>-</em>based diets, the interplay observed between IgG increase and IgM decrease contributed for piglets’ survival during weaning. <em>n</em>-6 PUFA were lower in piglets fed CH with or without feed enzymes and the inverse occurred for <em>n</em>-3 PUFA, thus benefiting <em>n</em>-6/<em>n</em>-3 ratio in the liver. The discriminant analysis applied to hepatic variables revealed a good separation between control and CH-based diets but failed to discriminate feed enzymes addition. Minor variations were promoted by Rovabio or the pre-selected enzymatic mixture, thus suggesting some improvement on microalga nutrients digestibility. Taken together, our findings indicate a health promoting effect of CH as feed ingredient in piglets’ nutrition during the weaning period, without negatively impacting on animals’ performance.</p> <p> </p>
Prebiotic Systems Containing Anthocyanin-Rich Pomegranate Flower Extracts with Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Effects
<p>Publication and related data</p>
Protective effect of soluble cytokinin salt p-topolin mesylate on skin through antioxidant activity
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
S30 | PHENANTIOX | A list of Phenolic Antioxidants from KEMI and NILU
<p>This is the collection associated with list S30 PHENANTIOX on the NORMAN Suspect List Exchange.</p> <p><a href="https://www.norman-network.com/?q=suspect-list-exchange">https://www.norman-network.com/?q=suspect-list-exchange</a></p> <p>S30</p> <p>PHENANTIOX</p> <p><strong>A list of Phenolic Antioxidants from KEMI and NILU</strong></p> <p>Phenantiox <a href="https://www.norman-network.com/sites/default/files/files/suspectListExchange/210119Update/PhenolicAntioxidants_KEMI_NILU_Jan2019.csv">CSV</a>, <a href="https://www.norman-network.com/sites/default/files/files/suspectListExchange/210119Update/PhenolicAntioxidants_KEMI_NILU_Jan2019.xlsx">XLSX</a> (23/01/2019) </p> <p>Phenantiox <a href="https://www.norman-network.com/sites/default/files/files/suspectListExchange/210119Update/PhenolicAntioxidants_Jan2019_InChIKeys.txt">InChIKeys</a> (23/01/2019)</p> <p>A list of possible phenolic antioxidants with exposure scores compiled by Stellan Fischer (KEMI) and Pawel Rostkowski (NILU). Mapped to CompTox information using CAS numbers.</p>
Fig. 2 in The Effects of Continuous Acoustic Stress on ROS Levels and Antioxidant-related Gene Expression in the Black Porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii)
Fig. 2. The effects of exposure to the underwater noise on plasma (A) cortisol and (B) ROS levels during the 2-week treatment period. NC (solid line), QC (dashed line) and CC (dotted line). Means ± SEM are shown. N = 5 for initial control and N = 10 for all other groups. The measured samples were randomly selected from each treatment pool. *Mann-Whitney U-tests p <0.05. Solid bracket indicates comparisons between two groups at the same time point; dotted bracket indicate the comparison of the same group between different time points.
Fig. 1 in The Effects of Continuous Acoustic Stress on ROS Levels and Antioxidant-related Gene Expression in the Black Porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii)
Fig. 1. Acoustic characteristics of the noise perturbation experiment. The 1/3-octave band spectral characteristics of the noisy condition (NC; solid line with open circles), quiet condition (QC, dashed line with open squares), ambient noise (control, CC, dotted line with open triangles) and the hearing curve of the black porgy (dashed line with solid triangles) (Means ± SEM are shown). N = 5 at each frequency in the audiogram.
Fig. 3 in The Effects of Continuous Acoustic Stress on ROS Levels and Antioxidant-related Gene Expression in the Black Porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii)
Fig. 3. Relative expression levels of the indicated genes in fish exposed to wind turbine noise. (A) hepatic sod1 mRNA levels; (B) hepatic cat mRNA levels; (C) hepatic gpx mRNA levels. Means ± SEM are shown. # indicated the group N = 8, in all other groups N = 10. The measured samples were randomly selected from each treatment pool. One-way Kruskal-Wallis ** p <0.005 or * p <0.05. Solid bracket indicates comparisons between two groups at the same time point. Values with different letters differ from each other in the same group (CC, NC or QC) (one-way Kruskal-Wallis p <0.05).
Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and sensory profile of sorghum tisane
<p>This dataset provides the result of bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, sensory acceptance, and sensory profile measurements towards sorghum tisane with different pericarp colors.</p>
Comparative study on the effects of various drying methods on antioxidant and sensory profiles of Sambung Nyawa (Gynura precumbens) tea
<p>Comparative study on the effects of various drying methods on antioxidant activity (% DPPH Inhibition), total phenolics, total tannins, total flavonoids, moisture content, color, overall liking, and sensory profiles of Sambung Nyawa (Gynura precumbens) tea.</p>
Fig. 5 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 5. Anti-proliferative effect of isolated compounds and standard adriamycin at different concentrations. Growth between 0% and 50% indicated a cytostatic effect, while growth <0% indicated a cytocidal effect. (a) Percent control growth for MCF-7 cell line and (b) percent control growth for MDA-MB-468.
Fig. 2 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 2. Percentage scavenging activities of different fractions of P. dulcis at different concentrations. (a) DPPH radical scavenging activity, (b) Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide, (c) Percentage iron chelation, (d) Superoxide radical scavenging activity and (e) Reducing power of different fractions of P. dulcis (in %) at different concentrations. Each value represents as mean ± SD (n = 3). HF, hexane fraction; EF, ethyl acetate fraction; BF, butanol fraction; AqF, aqueous fraction. SD, standard deviation.
Fig. 1 in In-vitro antioxidative potential of different fractions from Prunus dulcis seeds: Vis a vis antiproliferative and antibacterial activities of active compounds
Fig. 1. Flow diagram of extraction of P. dulcis seeds and isolation of components from ethyl acetate fraction through different chromatography.
Fig. 2 in Callus cultures of Harpagophytum procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn.; production of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity
Fig. 2. Iridoid (A, B) and phenylethanoid (C,D) glycoside contents estimated by HPLC in cotyledon-derived callus lines of H.procumbens in long-term cultures. The calli were cultured on SH medium with 0.5 or 2 mg L −1 picloram (CP0.5 and CP2 callus lines,respectively) or NAA (0.2 mg L −1) and BAP (1 mg L −1) (CNB callus line).* trace (content <0.01 mg g −1 DW).Results are means ± standard error (SE) from three independent experiments; for each metabolite, values with different letters are significantly different according to the Kruskal–Wallis test (p ≤ 0.05).
Fig. 1. H.procumbens cotyledon-derived callus tissues grown for 4 in Callus cultures of Harpagophytum procumbens (Burch.) DC. ex Meisn.; production of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity
Fig. 1. H.procumbens cotyledon-derived callus tissues grown for 4 weeks in Erlenmeyer flasks on agar SH medium with 0.5 mg L−1 picloram (CP0.5 callus line) (A), 2 mg L−1 picloram (CP2 callus line) (B), 0.2 mg L −1 NAA and 1 mg L −1 BAP (CNB callus line) (C). Bar 1 cm.
Fig. 2 in Antimicrobial and antioxidant efficacy of Citrus limon L. peel extracts used for skin diseases by Xhosa tribe of Amathole District, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Fig. 2. Nitric oxide scavenging activity of Citrus limon extracts. Results are means of 3 replicates.
Data from: A significant component of ageing (DNA damage) is reflected in fading breeding colors: an experimental test using innate antioxidant mimetics in painted dragon lizards
A decade ahead of their time, von Schantz and coworkers united sexual selection and free radical biology by identifying causal links between deep-rooted physiological processes that dictate resistance to toxic waste from oxidative metabolism (reactive oxygen species), and phenotypic traits, such as ornaments. Ten years later, these ideas have still only been tested with indirect estimates of free radical levels (oxidative stress) subsequent to the action of innate and dietary antioxidants. Here we measure net superoxide (a selection pressure for antioxidant production) and experimentally manipulate superoxide antioxidation using a synthetic mimetic of superoxide dismutase, Eukarion 134 (EUK). We then measure the toxic effect of superoxide in terms of DNA erosion and concomitant loss of male breeding coloration in the lizard, Ctenophorus pictus. Control males suffered more DNA damage than EUK-males. Spectroradiometry showed that male coloration is lost in relation to superoxide and covaries with DNA erosion; in control males these variables explained 72 % of color loss, whereas in EUK males, the fading of coloration was unaffected by superoxide and unrelated to DNA damage. Thus, EUK's powerful antioxidation removes the erosion effect of superoxide on coloration and experimentally verifies the prediction that colors reflect innate capacity for antioxidation.
Data from: Reproduction does not adversely affect liver mitochondrial respiratory function but results in lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidants in house mice
Reproduction is thought to come at a cost to longevity. Based on the assumption that increased energy expenditure during reproduction is associated with increased free-radical production by mitochondria, oxidative damage has been suggested to drive this trade-off. We examined the impact of reproduction on liver mitochondrial function by utilizing post-reproductive and non-reproductive house mice (Mus musculus) living under semi-natural conditions. The age-matched post-reproductive and non-reproductive groups were compared after the reproductive females returned to a non-reproductive state, so that both groups were in the same physiological state at the time the liver was collected. Despite increased oxidative damage (p = 0.05) and elevated CuZnSOD (p = 0.002) and catalase (p = 0.04) protein levels, reproduction had no negative impacts on the respiratory function of liver mitochondria. Specifically, in a post-reproductive, maintenance state the mitochondrial coupling (i.e., respiratory control ratio) of mouse livers show no negative impacts of reproduction. In fact, there was a trend (p = 0.059) to suggest increased maximal oxygen consumption by liver mitochondria during the ADP stimulated state (i.e., state 3) in post-reproduction. These findings suggest that oxidative damage may not impair mitochondrial respiratory function and question the role of mitochondria in the trade-off between reproduction and longevity. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of quantifying the respiratory function of mitochondria in addition to measuring oxidative damage.
Data from: Ageing and reproduction: antioxidant supplementation alleviates telomere loss in wild birds
Reproduction is inherently costly. Environmental stressors, such as infection and limited food resources, can compromise investment at each breeding attempt. For example, recent data on captive birds showed that increased reproductive effort accelerates ageing. However, the effects of nutritional status and infection on ageing remain unknown. Telomeres function as protective caps at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, and changes in telomere length is a commonly used proxy for ageing. To partially address the mechanisms of ageing following reproduction, we supplemented, medicated or administered a combined treatment to wild blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) breeding in central Spain during 2012. The nutritional supplement consisted of two different antioxidants, while the medication was an antimalarial treatment against blood parasites. We evaluated the effect of these manipulations on reproductive success and parasite loads in the first breeding season, and on changes in telomere length between two consecutive breeding seasons. Supplemented birds showed no reduction in blood parasite infections in 2012, although they exhibited higher body mass and fledging success. The antimalarial drugs reduced infections by several parasite species, but this had no effect on fitness parameters. In the following season, telomeres from supplemented birds had shortened less. Altogether, we found that supplementation with antioxidants provided fitness benefits in the short term and reduced telomere loss a year following treatment. Our results provide indirect empirical support for accelerated telomere loss as a cost of reproduction.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.