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Fig. 5 in A comprehensive review: Biological activity, modification and synthetic methodologies of prenylated flavonoids

Fig. 5. Synthesis of 4′-methoxy licoflavanone derivatives (208–230). Reagents and conditions: (a) RX, K CO, dry acetone, room temperature, 1–4 h, 75–86%; (b) 2 3 Propargyl bromide, K2CO3, dry acetone, room temperature, 2 h, 89% (c) TfN3, CuSO4 (aq.), Et3N, CH2Cl2/MeOH, 2–4 h, 90–96% (d) Sodium ascorbate, R–N3, CuSO4⋅5H2O, t-BuOH/water (1:1), 85–93%.

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Fig. 27 in A comprehensive review: Biological activity, modification and synthetic methodologies of prenylated flavonoids

Fig. 27. Synthesis of C-3-prenylated flavonoids. Reagents and conditions: (a) CH OCH Cl, K CO, acetone 0 ◦ C, RT; (b) 3-methylbut-2-enyl bromide (2 equiv), fresh 3 2 2 3 LDA (2.5 equiv), THF, 75 ◦ C–4 ◦ C, 20 h, 50%; (c) ArCHO (2 equiv), NaHMDS (3 equiv), THF, 75 ◦ C to reflux, 30 h, 13–46%; (d) 4 N HCl, MeOH, reflux, 8–15 h, 22–63%.

Fig. 11 in Biological activities of organic extracts and specialized metabolites from different parts of Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae) - A critical review

Fig. 11. Lignans (27–33, 35 and 36), norlignans (34, 37 and 38) and anthraquinone (58) from Cryptomeria japonica biomass residues.

Fig. 7 in Biological activities of organic extracts and specialized metabolites from different parts of Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae) - A critical review

Fig. 7. Sesquiterpenes from Cryptomeria japonica biomass residues, including eudesmanes (17 and 48), bisabolanes (18, 47, 49, 50, 56 and 59) and cadinanes (39, 43–46, 52, 57 and 60) types.

Fig. 4 in Biological activities of organic extracts and specialized metabolites from different parts of Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae) - A critical review

Fig. 4. Pimarane (10, 14 and 61) and isopimarane-type diterpenes from Cryptomeria japonica biomass residues.

Fig. 6 in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 6. Amarogentin was demonstrated to stimulate keratinocyte differentiation and reduce inflammation by up-regulating endothelial bitter taste receptors expressed on keratinocytes and mast cells.

Fig. 5. G in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 5. G. lutea extract and its constituents could inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation acting downstream of PDGF-receptor but upstream ERK1/2 leading to the slackening of the atherosclerotic process. At the same time, amarogentin could inhibit MAPKs and PLCγ activation avoiding platelet activation.

Fig. 4 in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 4. Down-regulation genes implied in adipocyte differentiation. G. lutea extract and its constituent loganic acid are implied in the inhibition of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) involved in the regulation of genes, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (Cebpα), adiponectin (Adipoq), glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), lipoprotein lipase (Lpl), proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), perilipin1 (Plin1), and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (Fabp4). On the other hand, amarogentin indirectly down-regulating PPARγ expression throughout the inhibition of recombinant aldose reductase (ALR2).

Fig. 3 in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 3. The quality assessment is based on a checklist adapted from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The in vivo (indicated by blue bar) and clinical studies (indicated by red bar) have been classified in high, medium, and low risk of bias. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 2. (a) Schematic representation of author origin country distribution, (b) number of articles per argument, (c) distribution of the selected studies by year of publication.

Fig. 1 in The healing bitterness of Gentiana lutea L., phytochemistry and biological activities: A systematic review

Fig. 1. Diagram of systematic review literature search results based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

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Fig. 3 in Diterpenoids and p-methoxycinnamic acid diol esters from Kaempferia saraburiensis Picheans. (Zingiberaceae): Structural assignment of saraburol and their biological activities

Fig. 3. Selected NOESY correlations for the assignment of the relative configuration and corresponding interatomic distance (Å) of compound 3.

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Fig. 4 in Diterpenoids and p-methoxycinnamic acid diol esters from Kaempferia saraburiensis Picheans. (Zingiberaceae): Structural assignment of saraburol and their biological activities

Fig. 4. (A) Experimental ECD spectra of compounds 2 (black); TDDFT-calculated curves of normal (blue) and ent series (red), (B) Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of compound 3. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

opennotspecifiedSep 2022View details →

Fig. 3 in Isosteroidal alkaloids of Fritillaria taipaiensis and their implication to Alzheimer's disease: Isolation, structural elucidation and biological activity

Fig. 3. Key NOESY () correlations for compounds 1–4 [some hydrogens were removed for a clearer exhibition of their 3D structures].

Fig. 10 in Bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids: Structural diversity and biological activity

Fig. 10. Substitution characteristics and structures of bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids from species in the genus Bridelia.

Fig. 6 in Bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids: Structural diversity and biological activity

Fig. 6. Structures of bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids from species in the genera Coreopsis, Cremanthodium, Dendranthema, Eupatorium, Laggera, Leontopodium, Lychnophora, Scorzonera, and Senecio.

Fig. 13 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 13. Cytotoxicity of 19 against KB, A-549, HCT-116, and HepG2 cell lines (IC50 in μM) and cytotoxicity of 39 against HL-60 cell lines (GI50 in μM).

Fig. 12 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 12. Cytotoxicity of some Cephalotaxus troponoids against A-549, HeLa, and SGC-7901 cell lines (IC50 in μM).

Fig. 11 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 11. Cytotoxicity of some Cephalotaxus troponoids against A-549 and HL-60 cell lines (IC50 in μM).

Fig. 10 in Progress in structure, synthesis and biological activity of natural cephalotane diterpenoids

Fig. 10. Cytotoxicity of compounds 2, 20, 21, and 25 against A-549, KB, HL-60 and HT-29 cells (IC50 in μM).