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FIGURE 3. Idiosepius hallami n in A new pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp. (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae) from eastern Australia and elevation of the southern endemic 'notoides' clade to a new genus, Xipholeptos n. gen.
FIGURE 3. Idiosepius hallami n. sp. a, funnel organ, female paratype, AM C.269830, 9.0 mm ML, A = anus, FO = funnel organ, FV = funnel valve. b, SEM, sucker rim, arm 2, right side, female paratype, AM C.483480, 10.8 mm ML. c, hectocotylised left ventral arm, dorsal view, male, AM C.269823, 5.2 mm ML. d, latero-ventral view of arm crown, male holotype AM C.269565, 8.5 mm ML, L = left ventral arm, R = right ventral arm (refers to left and right sides of animal). e, SEM club suckers, female paratype, AM C.483480, 10.8 mm ML. f, SEM, enlargement of individual club sucker ring, same specimen. g, enlargement of pegs, same specimen. Scale bars: a = 0.5 mm, b = 20 µm, c = 0.25 mm, d = 0.5 mm, e = 100 µm, f, g, = 10 µm.
FIGURE 2. Idiosepius hallami n in A new pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp. (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae) from eastern Australia and elevation of the southern endemic 'notoides' clade to a new genus, Xipholeptos n. gen.
FIGURE 2. Idiosepius hallami n. sp. a, dorsal view, male holotype, AM C.269565, 8.5 mm ML. b, ventral view, same specimen. c, funnel-locking apparatus, paratype female, AM C.483479, 12.5 mm ML. d, mantle-locking apparatus, same specimen. Scale bars: a, b = 2 mm, c, d = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 8. Xipholeptos notoides n. gen. a in A new pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp. (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae) from eastern Australia and elevation of the southern endemic 'notoides' clade to a new genus, Xipholeptos n. gen.
FIGURE 8. Xipholeptos notoides n. gen. a, female, dorsal view. (Image, K. Hollis, obtained with permission from the Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra.). b, lateral view of head showing skin tag (arrowed), male, AM C.476549, 14.8 mm ML. c, funnel (F) and mantle-locking apparatus (M), male, AM C.476093, 16.8 mm ML. d, male, distal tip of left ventral arm, AM C.456947, 11.3 mm ML. Scale bars: a = 5 mm, b, c = 1 mm, d = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 5. Idiosepius hallami n in A new pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp. (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae) from eastern Australia and elevation of the southern endemic 'notoides' clade to a new genus, Xipholeptos n. gen.
FIGURE 5. Idiosepius hallami n. sp. a, male reproductive tract, AM C.269808, 7.6 mm ML. Abbreviations: AAG, appendix of accessory gland; AG, accessory gland; DDC, distal deferent canal; Go, genital orifice; MG, mucilaginous gland; SG, spermatophoric gland; SS, spermatophore storage sac; T, testis, VD, vas deferens. b, distal end of spermatophore, AM C.477701, 6.0 mm ML. c, female head, ventral view, paratype AM C.269830, 10.0 mm ML, arrow indicates spermatophores attached to head. d, Female paratype reproductive tract (overlying connective tissue partially removed to reveal eggs), AM C.483479, 12.5 mm ML. Abbreviations: A, anus; G, gill; NG, nidamental gland; O, ovary. e, light micrograph image of whole gladius, female paratype, AM C.559076, 13.7 mm ML. Abbreviation: A, anterior. Scale bars: a = 0.5 mm, b = 0.1 mm, c = 1.0 mm, d = 1 mm, e = 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 6 in A new pygmy squid, Idiosepius hallami n. sp. (Cephalopoda: Idiosepiidae) from eastern Australia and elevation of the southern endemic 'notoides' clade to a new genus, Xipholeptos n. gen.
FIGURE 6. Distribution of Australian idiosepiids examined in this study: X. notoides n. gen. grey triangles (solid arrow indicates the type locality); X. sp. solid black squares; I. hallami n. sp. solid black circles (open arrow indicates the type locality); I. pygmaeus (grey circles); I. sp. Lizard Island (black star). Note: Black dot off the eastern Australian coast indicates occurrence of I. hallami n. sp. on Lord Howe Island.
Ectopic expression of murine CD163 enables cell-culture isolation of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating (LDV) virus 63 years after its discovery
<p><span>Arteriviruses are RNA viruses related to coronaviruses but have not yet been associated with human infection. A murine arterivirus (lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus, LDV) was first described in 1960 and quickly became a promising model for understanding immune failure due to its unique ability to persist in immunocompetent adult mice. However, inability to culture LDV <em>in vitro</em> ultimately limited this system. Here, we demonstrate that the macrophage marker CD163 is essential for LDV infection. Expression of the murine homolog (mCD163) in otherwise mCD163-negative cell lines from mice and nonhuman primates enables productive LDV infection, creating the first immortalized cell-culture system. We also show that mCD163-knockout mice are completely resistant to LDV infection. These findings advance LDV as a model of arterivirus infection viral persistence and add to a growing body of literature suggesting that CD163 utilization is a broad feature of arteriviruses.</span></p>
Design 3D CAD data of an oversized-sample 35 GHz EPR resonator with an elevated Q value
<pre>Supplemental data for the manuscript “Design and performance of an oversized 35 GHz EPR resonator with an elevated Q value” General information The CAD dimensions match the dimension of the manufactured resonator/probehead. Not depicted in the CAD file are the modulation coils (the modulation coil holders on the sides of the cavity block are shown) and the mechanical connection between the coupling screw on top flange of the resonator and the movable coupling piston at the bottom. Autodesk Inventor files The assembly of the whole resonator is stored as “Qband_CW_Probenkopf”. All dependent subassemblies and parts can be found in the folder “Q_band_CW_resonator_Inventor”. 3D files for Open source software The complete resonator is stored in the file “Qband_CW_Probenkopf.stl”. Since in this file all resonator components are merged into a single unit and cannot be depicted on their own, all resonator components are also stored seperately as .obj-files in the folder “Qband_CW_Probenkopf_obj_format”.</pre>
Data from: Trophic niches of Collembola communities change with elevation but also with body size and life form
<p>Climate change increases habitat loss of endemic tree species and drives forest conversion in mountainous forests. Elevational gradients provide the opportunity to predict possible consequences of such changes. While species compositions of various taxa have been investigated along elevational gradients, data on trophic changes in soil-dwelling organisms is scarce. Here, we analyze trophic changes of the Collembola community along the northern slope of Changbai Mountain, China. We sampled seven elevations (800-1700 m asl) with 150 m elevational difference along a primary forest gradient. At eight subplots per elevation, we categorized Collembola species into life forms, measured individual body lengths and bulk stable isotopes. Mean and minimum <span>Δ<sup>15</sup>N and mean Δ<sup>13</sup>C increased with increasing elevation, while the range of Δ<sup>15</sup>N decreased. Maximum and minimum of Δ<sup>13</sup>C differed between elevations but showed no linear response. Isotopic uniqueness increased with elevation. Δ<sup>15</sup>N values of Collembola species occurring across all elevations increased with elevation. Changes in Δ<sup>15</sup>N with elevation were most pronounced in hemiedaphic species. Δ<sup>15</sup>N </span>values <span>increased with decreasing body size in hemiedaphic and euedaphic species. </span>Δ<sup>13</sup>C increased strongest with elevation in euedaphic species. <span>Overall, the</span> results suggest that<span> Collembola species functioning as primary decomposers shift towards functioning as secondary decomposers at higher elevations. Further</span>, access to alternative food resources may depend on Collembola life form and body size, this relationship, however, likely varies between ecosystems. Collembola functioning as secondary decomposers in coniferous forests may function as primary decomposers under climate driven forest conversion as species boundaries of tree species of lower elevations expand.</p>
FIGURES 100–101. Supraclypeal elevation, frontal view. 100 in Catalogue and identification key of the bee genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Palaearctic region
FIGURES 100–101. Supraclypeal elevation, frontal view. 100—Epeolus tarsalis Morawitz; 101—E. melectiformis Yasumatsu. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 3 in Taxonomic inflation and a reconsideration of speciation in the Andes: the case of the high-elevation tree frog Dendropsophus molitor (Anura: Hylidae)
Figure 3. Comparison of morphometric variation between D. molitor and D. luddeckei. A, PCA plot that represents morphometric differences along the first two PC axes (cumulative explanation of variance ~40%). B, Composition plot for the discriminant analysis, which shows membership probability for each individual. C, Distribution of BIC values for Model-Based Clustering Analysis. The best fit model was 'ellipsoidal, equal volume' (EVV).
Figure 2 in Taxonomic inflation and a reconsideration of speciation in the Andes: the case of the high-elevation tree frog Dendropsophus molitor (Anura: Hylidae)
Figure 2. Bayesian species delimitation test (iBPP) with an integrated dataset. Each node of the tree indicates the posterior probabilities of Bayesian species delimitations inferred under nine different combinations of priors on theta and tau obtained from a Gamma distribution. Each of the resulting posterior probabilities for the different combinations of theta and tau are colour coded and indicated in 3 × 3 boxes on each node. The large 3 × 3 inset indicates the position of each prior combination in these boxes. Species that belong to the 'molitor' group (D. molitor, D. luddeckei, D. meridensis, D. pelidnus) showed very low support (posterior probability) as different species for all theta and tau combinations in contrast to the other Dendropsophus species.
Figure 4 in Taxonomic inflation and a reconsideration of speciation in the Andes: the case of the high-elevation tree frog Dendropsophus molitor (Anura: Hylidae)
Figure 4. MC1R coding region test for association with colour polymorphism. A, Haplotype network for MC1R including D. molitor (green, variegated, and brown) and O. histrionica (black and brown) individuals. Haplotypes of D. molitor did not clustered in association with colour pattern, whereas O. histrionica showed different haplotypes for brown and black dorsal background colour patterns. B, SNPs found in the 557 bp fragment of the coding region of MC1R amplified for D. molitor in comparison with O. histrionica. The alignment shows a 34 bp region (from 409 bp to 443 bp) of this gene. Each morphotype for D. molitor (green, variegated, and brown) and O. histrionica (black and brown) is represented by coloured vertical bars at the right of the alignment. Positions highlighted in a red box indicate Δ433 and C432A mutations responsible for differences in darker dorsal background colour patterns in O. histrionica (Posso-Terranova and Andrés 2017).
Figure 1 in Taxonomic inflation and a reconsideration of speciation in the Andes: the case of the high-elevation tree frog Dendropsophus molitor (Anura: Hylidae)
Figure 1. Distribution, phenotypic variation, and phylogenetic relationships for D. molitor and D. luddeckei. A, Map of the sampling localities. Triangles: sampling points for the putative species D. luddeckei. Circles: sampling points for D. molitor. Additional information for each sample and locality is given in Supporting Information, Table S1. The vertical dashed line delineates the contact zone between both putative species proposed by Guarnizo et al. (2012) B, Colour polymorphism of D. molitor is defined as three morphotypes: solid green, variegated and solid brown in order from top to bottom. Photographs by the authors. C, Bayesian consensus phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA markers (12S, 16S, and COI). Nodes show the bootstrap support on the left and the posterior probability on the right. Nodes indicating only the posterior probability were not supported by ML bootstrap and nodes without values were not supported by both ML and BI. Asterisks next to sample names in the phylogeny indicate the individuals added in this study. Colour and symbol codes are as described in panel A. Vertical bars at the right of the phylogeny show the results of the ASAP and bPTP species delimitation tests.
Experimental data from long-term elevated pCO2 exposure in Pacific herring. Datasets include measurements of enviromental treatment conditions, growth and developmental traits, and mortality data from a disease challenge.
<p>This study evaluated the effects of ocean acidification on the health, survival, fitness, and disease susceptibility of early life stage Pacific herring. Wild larvae were reared from hatching under three pCO2 treatments [low (~650 μatm), intermediate (~1,500 μatm), and high (~3,000 μatm)] to determine the effects of elevated pCO2 on larval growth, yolk consumption, and foraging capabilities and to evaluate how chronic exposure to elevated pCO2 affects long-term growth and maximum swimming speed. After prolonged exposure (98 d), we tested how elevated pCO2 experienced during development altered the susceptibility of juvenile Pacific herring to VHS following water-borne exposure to VHSV. This directory includes datasets for: 1) daily pH and temperature measurements from replicate rearing tanks; 2) carbon chemistry measurements from discrete seawater samples; 3) morphometric and feeding data for larval herring (1 - 16 days post hatch); 4) standard length measurements from larval and juvenile samples (1 - 98 days post hatch); 5) All dry mass measurements from larval and juvenile samples (1 - 98 days post hatch); 6) survival statistics for whole experiment ( 1- 98 days post hatch); 7) maximum swim speed measurements on juvenile herring; 8) disease challenge mortality and viral titer data; 8) a README file containing information on the dataset. </p>
Supplementary Materials: High-Quality Genome of a novel species belonging to the family Thermosynechococcaceae from Namibia and characterization of its protein expression patterns at elevated temperatures
<p><strong>Supplementary Materials</strong> to the scientific research article "<strong>High-Quality Genome of a novel species belonging to the family<em> Thermosynechococcaceae </em>from Namibia and characterization of its protein expression patterns at elevated temperatures</strong>" in MicrobiologyOpen.</p> <p>Including raw data of: the BCG analysis with antismash, dbCAN3 analysis of carbohydrate active enzymes, eggNOG mapper and KEGG (blastKOALA) functional annotations, whole genome alignments with progressiveMauve, ortholog-based phylogenetics with OrthoFinder, RAST annotations of the novel <em>Thermosynechococcus</em> sp. Okahandja<em> </em>and the type strains <em>Thermosynechococcus lividus</em> PCC 6715-6717, the full length 16S rRNA sequence extracted from the genome, proteomics analyses, the novel <em>T. </em>sp. Okahandja<em> </em>annotated genome, additional STEM microscopy figures and CRISPR analyses.</p>
FIGURE 30 in Five new species of the Cnemaspis beddomei clade (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from high elevation, evergreen forests of the Southern Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 30. Cnemaspis tenkasiensis sp. nov. in life: (A) adult male (paratype, NRC-AA-8409), (B) adult male (paratype, NRC-AA-8410), and (C) juvenile (uncollected). Photos by Akshay Khandekar.
FIGURE 27 in Five new species of the Cnemaspis beddomei clade (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from high elevation, evergreen forests of the Southern Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 27. Cnemaspis tenkasiensis sp. nov. (holotype, NRC-AA-8408): (A) dorsal view of body, (B) ventral view of body, (C) dorsal view of tail, (D) ventral view of tail, (E) lateral view of tail. Scale bars 10 mm; photos by Akshay Khandekar.
FIGURE 25 in Five new species of the Cnemaspis beddomei clade (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from high elevation, evergreen forests of the Southern Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 25. Paratype series of Cnemaspis valparaiensis sp. nov., from left to right, NRC-AA-8402–8407: (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view. Scale bars 10 mm; photos by Akshay Khandekar.
FIGURE 24 in Five new species of the Cnemaspis beddomei clade (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from high elevation, evergreen forests of the Southern Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 24. Cnemaspis valparaiensis sp. nov. in life: (A) adult male (holotype, NRC-AA-8401), (B) adult male (paratype, NRC-AA-8402), and (C) adult female (paratype, NRC-AA-8403). Photos by Akshay Khandekar.
FIGURE 23 in Five new species of the Cnemaspis beddomei clade (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from high elevation, evergreen forests of the Southern Western Ghats, India
FIGURE 23. Cnemaspis valparaiensis sp. nov. (holotype, NRC-AA-8401): (A) dorsal view of midbody, (B) ventral view of midbody, (C) lateral view of midbody. Scale bars 10 mm; photos by Akshay Khandekar.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.