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Data from: Early detection of chronic hepatitis B and risk factor assessment in Turkish migrants, Middle Limburg, Belgium.
Background Turkey is an intermediate hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic country. However, prevalence among Turkish migrants in Belgium is unknown, especially in those born in Belgium with a foreign-born parent, i.e. second-generation migrants (SGM). Aims To evaluate the prevalence of HBV infection and associated risk factors in Turkish first-generation migrants (FGM), i.e. foreign-born, and SGM. Methods Between September 2017 and May 2019, free outreach testing for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc), and antibodies against HBsAg was offered to Turkish migrants in Middle-Limburg, Belgium. Face-to-face questionnaire assessed HBV risk factors. HBsAg positive patients were referred and followed up. Turkish SGM were stratified into birth cohort born before and after 1987, since those born after 1987 should be covered by the universal infant vaccination program. Results A total of 1,081/1,113 (97.1%) Turkish did go for HBV testing. Twenty-six (2.4%) were HBsAg positive; 11/26 were unaware of their status and 10/11 were successfully referred. HBsAg prevalence was 3.0% in FGM and 1.5% in SGM, p = .070. Only one out of seven HBsAg positive SGM was born after 1987. In the multiple generalized estimating equations model, the most important risk factors for anti-HBc positivity were male gender ( p = .021), older age ( p < .001), FGM ( p < .001), low educational level of the mother ( p = .003), HBV infected mother ( p = .008), HBV infected siblings ( p = .002), HBV infected other family member ( p = .004), gynaecological examination in Turkey or unsafe male circumcision ( p = .032) and dental treatment in Turkey ( p = .049). Conclusion Outreach testing was well-accepted and referral to specialist care was generally successful. National HBV screening should be implemented in the Turkish FGM population and might be considered in SGM not covered by primary prevention strategies.
Systematic review data of whole grains versus placebo or refined grains on cardiovascular disease risk factors.
<p class="Body"><span>This dataset comprises data extracted 29 publications which were included in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials which compared whole grain versus refined grain dietary intake on cardiovascular disease risk factors. There were 80 cardiovascular disease risk factor outcome measures considered in the review. Data were extracted by one investigator and checked for accuracy twice. Study characteristics were extracted, including study design, sample population, and details of the intervention and control conditions. Outcome data were extracted for the intervention and comparator groups were baseline, change, and follow-up variables, variable units, and statistical significance over time and between groups. Adverse events were also recorded. The 29 included studies measured and reported on 40 outcomes. Extracted outcomes can be grouped as haemodynamics (reported by 12 studies), body composition (15 studies), blood lipids (18 studies), glycaemic and/or insulin markers (19 studies), inflammatory markers (21 studies), oxidative stress markers (6 studies), and cardiovascular comorbidity incidence (2 studies). Rigorous analysis, including meta-regression, may be carried out using this data to evaluate the cause and effect relationship of whole grains on cardiovascular risk by considering confounding variables on pooled outcomes. </span></p>
Shifts in sexual dimorphism across a mass extinction in ostracods: implications for sexual selection as a factor in extinction risk
<p>Sexual selection often favors investment in expensive sexual traits that help individuals compete for mates. In a rapidly changing environment, however, allocation of resources to traits related to reproduction at the expense of those related to survival may elevate extinction risk. Empirical testing of this hypothesis in the fossil record, where extinction can be directly documented, is largely lacking. The rich fossil record of cytheroid ostracods offers a unique study system in this context: the male shell is systematically more elongate than that of females, and thus the sexes can be distinguished, even in fossils. Using mixture models to identify sex clusters from size and shape variables derived from the digitized valve outlines of adult ostracods, we estimated sexual dimorphism in ostracod species before and after the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinction in the United States Coastal Plain. Across this boundary, we document a substantial shift in sexual dimorphism, driven largely by a pronounced decline in the taxa with dimorphism indicating both very high and very low male investment. The shift away from high male investment, which arises largely from evolutionary changes within genera that persist through the extinction, parallels extinction selectivity previously documented during the Late Cretaceous under a background extinction regime. Our results suggest that sexual selection and the allocation of resources towards survival versus reproduction may be an important factor for species extinction during both background and mass extinctions. </p>
Aetiology and prognostic risk factors of mortality in pneumonia patients receiving glucocorticoids alone or glucocorticoids and other immunosuppressants: a retrospective cohort study
<p><b>Objectives:</b> Long-term use of high-dose glucocorticoids can lead to severe immunosuppression and increased risk of treatment-resistant pneumonia and mortality. We investigated the aetiology and prognostic risk factors of mortality in hospitalised patients who developed pneumonia while receiving glucocorticoid therapy alone or glucocorticoid and other immunosuppressant therapies.</p> <p><b>Design:</b> Retrospective cohort study</p> <p><b>Setting: </b>Six secondary and tertiary academic hospitals in China</p> <p><b>Participants: </b>Patients receiving glucocorticoids who were hospitalised with pneumonia between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2013 and 31<sup>st</sup> December 2019.</p> <p><b>Main Outcomes: </b>We analysed<b> </b>the prevalence of comorbidities, microbiology, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, 30-day and 90-day mortality rates, and prognostic risk factors.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: A total of 716 patients were included, with pneumonia pathogens identified in 69.8% of patients. Significant morbidities occurred, including respiratory failure (50.8%), intensive care unit (ICU) transfer (40.8%), and mechanical ventilation (36%), with a 90-day mortality rate of 26.0%. Diagnosis of pneumonia occurred within 6 months of glucocorticoid initiation for 69.7% of patients with <i>Cytomegalovirus</i> (CMV) pneumonia and 79.0% of patients with <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> pneumonia (PCP). Pathogens, including <i>Pneumocystis</i>, CMV, and multidrug-resistant bacteria, were identified more frequently in patients with persistent lymphocytopenia and high-dose glucocorticoid treatment (≥ 30 mg/day of prednisolone or equivalent within 30 days before admission). The 90-day mortality rate was significantly lower for non-CMV viral pneumonias than for PCP (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with a similar mortality rate as CMV pneumonias (24.2% vs 38.1% vs 27.4%, respectively).Cox regression analysis indicated <a name="_Hlk30339725"></a><a name="_Hlk31278800">several independent negative predictors for mortality in this patient population, including septic shock, respiratory failure, </a>persistent lymphocytopenia, interstitial lung disease, and high-dose glucocorticoid use.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: Patients who developed pneumonia while receiving glucocorticoid therapy experienced high rates of opportunistic infections, with significant morbidity and mortality. These findings should be carefully considered when determining treatment strategies for this patient population.</p>
Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations: obesity matters
Objective <p>To assess the influence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors on hemorrhage risk of sporadic cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs).</p> Methods <p>From 1219 consecutive CCM patients (2003-2018), adult subjects with sporadic CCM and complete MRI were included. We evaluated presence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) as mode of presentation, occurrence of ICH during follow-up and risk factors arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, nicotine abuse, and obesity (BMI>30kg/m²). Impact of risk factors on ICH at presentation was calculated using univariate and multivariate logistic regression with age- and sex-adjustment. We performed Kaplan Meier and Cox regression to analyze cumulative 5-year-risk for (re-)bleeding. </p> Results <p>We included 682 CCM patients. The univariate logistic regression showed a significant relationship (OR=1.938, 95% CI: (1.120–3.353), p=0.018) between obesity and ICH as mode of presentation. Multivariate adjusted logistic regression confirmed significant correlation with OR=1.902 (95% CI: 1.024–3.532, p=0.042). Cox regression did not identify predictors for occurrence of (re-)hemorrhage (p>0.05; Hazard ratios: arterial hypertension 1.112 (95% CI: 0.622–1.990), diabetes 0.850 (95% CI: 0.208–3.482), hyperlipidemia 0.719 (95% CI: 0.261–1.981), nicotine abuse 1.123 (95% CI: 0.591–2.134), and obesity 0.928 (95% CI: 0.416–2.070)). </p> Conclusions <p>This study provides evidence that obesity may be a risk factor for CCM hemorrhage. It was significantly associated with ICH as mode of presentation. Other risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and current nicotine abuse) showed no such effect. None of the factors showed to be independent predictors for cumulative 5-year-risk of (re-)bleeding. </p>
Philornis parasitism: impact on nestlings and risk factors involved
<p>Parasitic botfly larvae (<i>Philornis</i> ssp., Diptera: Muscidae) are found in nests of several bird taxa, although prevalence and nestling tolerance vary considerably among species. Here we describe patterns of botfly infestation in blue-black grassquit (<i>Volatinia jacarina</i>) nestlings. We identified the most typically affected nestling body parts and assessed parasite prevalence, impact on nestling survival, changes in nestling body shape and mass index. Additionally, we tested whether climatic conditions, nest morphology and habitat characteristics are associated with larvae abundance. Blue-black grassquits had low breeding success (15%), but most failures resulted from predation by vertebrate predators. We estimated that only 1% of nestlings died due to botfly infestation, and the number of larvae in nestling body did not affect nest success. Infected chicks exhibited a higher body mass to tarsus length ratio, and higher tarsus asymmetry. Previous studies indicate that adult grassquits with a higher body mass index have lower dominance status and mating success. Thus, we argue that although botflies had a small impact on offspring survival, they may reduce fitness in adulthood. There was no evidence that environmental conditions and nest morphology are linked to the number of larvae on nestlings. Territories with higher food supply had lower infestation rates. Possibly, food-rich habitats allow parents to invest more time in offspring care (brooding nestlings), thus protecting them from fly attacks. The present study brings to light new perspectives concerning bird-botfly interaction</p>
Data from: Ear mite removal in the Santa Catalina Island fox (Urocyon littoralis catalinae): controlling risk factors for cancer development
Ear mites (Otodectes cynotis) and ear canal tumors are highly prevalent among federally endangered Island foxes (Urocyon littoralis catalinae) living on Santa Catalina Island off the coast of Southern California. Since studies began in the 1990s, nearly all foxes examined were found to be infected with ear mites, and ceruminous gland tumors (carcinomas and adenomas) were detected in approximately half of all foxes ≥ 4 years of age. We hypothesized that reduction of ear mite infection would reduce otitis externa and ceruminous gland hyperplasia, a risk factor for tumor development. In this study, we conducted a randomized field trial to assess the impact of acaricide treatment on ear mite prevalence and intensity of infection, otitis externa, ceruminous gland hyperplasia, and mite-specific IgG and IgE antibody levels. Treatment was highly effective at eliminating mites and reducing otitis externa and ceruminous gland hyperplasia, and mite-specific IgG antibody levels were significantly lower among uninfected foxes. Ceruminous gland hyperplasia increased in the chronically infected, untreated foxes during the six month study. Our results provide compelling evidence that acaricide treatment is an effective means of reducing ear mites, and that mite removal in turn reduces ear lesions and mite-specific IgG antibody levels in Santa Catalina Island foxes. This study has advanced our understanding of the underlying pathogenesis which results in ceruminous gland tumors, and has helped inform management decisions that impact species conservation.
Data from: Outcome of breast cancer in Moroccan young women correlated to clinic-pathological features, risk factors and treatment: a comparative study of 716 cases in a single institution
Background: Breast cancer in young women is quite uncommon and shows more aggressive characteristics with major disparities between worldwide populations. Prognosis and outcome of breast cancer in young patients are widely studied, but still no consensus is available. Methods: We retrospectively included 716 cases of breast cancer women diagnosed in 2009 at the National Institute of Oncology of Rabat. Patients were divided into two groups according to their age: women aged ≤40 years (Group 1) and women aged >40 years (Group 2). Data were recorded from patients' medical files and analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software (IBM). Results: Young patients represent 24.9% of all patients with breast cancer. The comparison between the two groups displayed significant differences regarding nulliparity (p = 0.001) and progesterone receptor negativity (p = 0.01). Moreover, more progression (Metastases/Relapse) was registered in young women as compared to older women with breast cancer (p = 0.03). The estimated median follow-up period was 31 months. The 5-years Event-Free Survival (EFS) of patients with local disease was 64.6% in young women and 71.5% in older women with breast cancer (p = 0.04). Multivariate analysis in young women showed that nulliparity (HR: 7.2; 95%CI: 1.16–44.54; p = 0.03), T3 tumors (HR: 17.39; 95%CI: 1.74–173.34; p = 0.01) and negative PgR status (HR: 19.85; 95%CI: 1.07–366.54; p = 0.04) can be considered as risk factors for poorer event free survival while hormone therapy was associated with better EFS (HR: 0.11; 95%CI: 0.00–0.75; p = 0.03). In Group 2, multivariate analysis showed that patients with inflammatory breast cancer, N+ status, absence of radiotherapy, absence of chemotherapy, and absence of hormone therapy are at increased risk of recurrence. Conclusions: In Morocco, breast cancer is more frequent in young women as compared to western countries. Breast cancer in young women is more aggressive and is diagnosed late, leading to an intensive treatment. Moreover, the main factors associated with breast cancer development in young women would be hormonal and reproductive status. Analysis of other genetic biomarkers is needed to explain the high prevalence of breast cancer in young women to improve breast cancer management in Morocco
Data from: Multivariate analysis of dopaminergic gene variants as risk factors of heroin dependence
BACKGROUND: Heroin dependence is a debilitating psychiatric disorder with complex inheritance. Since the dopaminergic system has a key role in rewarding mechanism of the brain, which is directly or indirectly targeted by most drugs of abuse, we focus on the effects and interactions among dopaminergic gene variants. OBJECTIVE: To study the potential association between allelic variants of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), ANKK1 (ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1), dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) and dopamine transporter (SLC6A3) genes and heroin dependence in Hungarian patients. METHODS: 303 heroin dependent subjects and 555 healthy controls were genotyped for 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): rs4680 of the COMT gene; rs1079597 and rs1800498 of the DRD2 gene; rs1800497 of the ANKK1 gene; rs1800955, rs936462 and rs747302 of the DRD4 gene. Four variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) were also genotyped: 120 bp duplication and 48 bp VNTR in exon 3 of DRD4 and 40 bp VNTR and intron 8 VNTR of SLC6A3. We also provide a multivariate model for the associations among them implying Bayesian networks in Bayesian multilevel analysis. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS: In single marker analysis the TaqIA (rs1800497) and TaqIB (rs1079597) variants were associated with heroin dependence. Moreover, -521 C/T SNP (rs1800955) of the DRD4 gene showed nominal association with a possible protective effect of the C allele. After applying the Bonferroni correction TaqIB was still significant suggesting that the minor (A) allele of the TaqIB SNP is a risk component in the genetic background of heroin dependence. The findings of the additional multiple marker analysis are consistent with the results of the single marker analysis, but this method was able to reveal an indirect effect of a promoter polymorphism (rs936462) of the DRD4 gene and this effect is mediated through the -521 C/T (rs1800955) polymorphism in the promoter.
Data from: Association mapping of genetic risk factors for chronic wasting disease in wild deer
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting North American cervids. We assessed the feasibility of association mapping CWD genetic risk factors in wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) using a panel of bovine microsatellite markers from three homologous deer linkage groups predicted to contain candidate genes. These markers had a low cross-species amplification rate (27.9%) and showed weak linkage disequilibrium (<1 cM). Markers near the prion protein and the neurofibromin 1 (NF1) genes were suggestively associated with CWD status in white-tailed deer (P = 0.006) and mule deer (P = 0.02), respectively. This is the first time an association between the NF1 region and CWD has been reported.
Data from: Detection error influences both temporal seroprevalence predictions and risk factors associations in wildlife disease models
Understanding the prevalence of pathogens in invasive species is essential to guide efforts to prevent transmission to agricultural animals, wildlife, and humans. Pathogen prevalence can be difficult to estimate for wild species due to imperfect sampling and testing (pathogens may not be detected in infected individuals and erroneously detected in individuals that are not infected). The invasive wild pig (Sus scrofa, also referred to as wild boar and feral swine) is one of the most widespread hosts of domestic animal and human pathogens in North America. We developed hierarchical Bayesian models that account for imperfect detection to estimate the seroprevalence of five pathogens (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, pseudorabies virus, Influenza A virus in swine, Hepatitis E virus, and Brucella spp.) in wild pigs in the United States using a dataset of over 50,000 samples across nine years. To assess the effect of incorporating detection error in models, we also evaluated models that ignored detection error. Both sets of models included effects of demographic parameters on seroprevalence. We compared our predictions of seroprevalence to 40 published studies, only one of which accounted for imperfect detection. We found a range of seroprevalence among the pathogens with a high seroprevalence of pseudorabies virus, indicating significant risk to livestock and wildlife. Demographics had mostly weak effects, indicating that other variables may have greater effects in predicting seroprevalence. Models that ignored detection error led to different predictions of seroprevalence as well as different inferences on the effects of demographic parameters. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating detection error in models of seroprevalence and demonstrate that ignoring such error may lead to erroneous conclusions about the risk associated with pathogen transmission. When using opportunistic sampling data to model seroprevalence and evaluate risk factors, detection error should be included.
Genetic risk factors for restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in Kazakh population
<p>QuantStudio 12K Flex (Life Technologies) raw data files</p>
ANALYSIS OF the risk factors of MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS: A dataset on most challenging operations in the garments industry in Bangladesh and reported occupational discomforts by the workers.
<p>This dataset comprises the perceived most challenging operations in the garment industry and the occupational discomfort faced by the workers. Collected through participant surveys, the dataset encompasses demographic information and work related parameters.</p><p>The primary objective of this dataset is to identify and analyse the prevalence of MSDs in the most challenging operation in the garment industry. Researchers, ergonomists, and occupational health professionals can leverage this dataset to explore further for mitigating MSD risks in the industry.</p><p>This dataset can be used for finding the Ergonomic interventions and workplace improvements. It can facilitate specific interventions for solving work related diseases among the garment workers.</p><p>Anyone can use this dataset with proper citation.</p><p>Note: This dataset adheres to ethical considerations, and participant information is anonymized to ensure confidentiality.</p>
Awareness of Lung Cancer Risk Factors and Symptoms in Syria: An Online Cross-Sectional Study
<p><strong>Background:</strong> Globally, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer fatalities and the second most frequent cancer. Population knowledge of the features of lung cancer is a crucial strategy for early diagnosis and decreasing the mortality rate of lung cancer patients. In this study, we aim to assess the Syrian population's knowledge of lung cancer and its risk factors and to measure awareness of symptoms related to lung cancer. <strong>Methods:</strong> This national cross-sectional study was conducted between October 12 to November 21, 2022 in Syria. We included Syrian people above 18 years from all Syrian governorates. The questionnaire consisted of three categories of questions: sociodemographic information, awareness of lung cancer symptoms, and awareness of lung cancer risk factors. <strong>Results:</strong> Overall, 2251 participants were involved in this research; almost half of them (47.3%) were aged between 21-30 years, and 30.9% indicated they are smoking cigarettes. The overall mean score of knowledge regarding closed questions about risk factors of lung cancer was 4.29; however, the mean score of knowledge regarding open questions about symptoms of lung cancer was 1.52. About half of the study sample (51.3%) indicated that unexplained weight loss is a possible symptom of lung cancer. Our findings showed that cigarette smokers have a lower probability of having adequate knowledge toward lung cancer risk factors than a non-smoker (AOR=0.73, COR=0.68, P-value<0.05). We also defined that females have higher statistically significant odds (AOR=1.3, COR=1.38, P-value<0.05) for being knowledgeable about the symptoms of lung cancer compared to the male sample study. Conclusion: According to our findings, there is inadequate knowledge toward lung cancer risk factors and moderate knowledge of lung cancer symptoms. Along with educational programs to raise public knowledge of the dangers of smoking and other LC risk factors, effective tobacco control policy execution is crucial. </p>
Dataset : Acute kidney injury complicating critical forms of COVID-19: risk factors and prognostic impact
<p><span><span>We aimed to assess the incidence, risk factors and prognostic impact of AKI complicating critical forms of COVID-19. Thus we conducted a</span> retrospective descriptive case/control monocentric study conducted in a medical intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital over a period of 18 months.</span></p>
Cigarette smoke exposure as a potential risk factor for sleep problems in pregnant women
<p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><span>Cigarette smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy have detrimental effects on the health of expectant mothers, increasing the likelihood of respiratory diseases or infections. Due to the stimulant effect of smoking, the negative effect on diurnal rhythm and sleep is also observed. Sleep quantity and quality are directly related to health and well-being, especially during times of excess stress, such as the perinatal period. This prospective study aimed to examine the relationship between cigarette smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy and sleep patterns in pregnant women. An online survey was conducted among Polish women from May 2020 to September 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported smoking during pregnancy and rated sleep in three categories (difficulty falling asleep, waking up too early, and difficulty staying asleep). Data from 3365 mothers aged 18-43 (mean 30.7; SD 3.87) were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Passive smoking was associated with one of the three variables used to assess sleep problems (waking up too early) while controlling for a range of individual variables (age, education, place of residence, satisfaction with the woman's life, and economic situation, pregnancy complications, levels of state anxiety and depressive symptoms, trimester of pregnancy, nausea or vomiting during pregnancy, and COVID-19 infections). Interestingly, results showed no evidence of an association between active smoking and sleep difficulties. Our findings suggest that passive smoking is a potential risk factor for sleeping problems in pregnant women, especially in the aspect of waking up too early. These results are worth considering when formulating pro-health measures for pregnant women and their close ones.</span></p>
Developing an in-depth understanding of the prevalence, risk factors and treatment recommendations for phantom limb pain, and patient-generated care priorities for people who have undergone lower limb amputations.
<p>The file holds data collected for a series of four studies on phantom limb pain. </p>
Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability among adults living with HIV accessing routine outpatient HIV care in London, United Kingdom (UK): A cross-sectional self-report study
<div> <p><strong>Background</strong></p> <p>The study objectives were to measure disability prevalence and severity, and examine disability risk factors, among adults living with HIV in London, United Kingdom (UK).</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p>Self-reported questionnaires were administered: World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS), HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ), Equality Act disability definition (EADD), and demographic questionnaire. We calculated proportion (95% Confidence Interval; CI) of "severe" and "moderate" disability measured using EADD and WHODAS scores ≥2 respectively. We measured disability severity with HDQ domain severity scores. We used demographic questionnaire responses to assess risk factors of "severe" and "moderate" disability using logistic regression analysis, and HDQ severity domain scores using linear regression analysis.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong></p> <p>Of 201 participants, 176 (87.6%) identified as men, median age 47 years, and 194 (96.5%) virologically suppressed. Severe disability prevalence was 39.5% (n=79/201), 95% CI [32.5%, 46.4%]. Moderate disability prevalence was 70.5% (n=141/200), 95% CI [64.2%, 76.8%]. Uncertainty was the most severe HDQ disability domain. Late HIV diagnosis was a risk factor for severe disability [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.71; CI 1.25, 5.87]. Social determinants of health, economic inactivity [OR 2.79; CI 1.08, 7.21] and receiving benefits [OR 2.87; CI 1.05, 7.83], were risk factors for "severe" disability. <span>Economic inactivity [OR 3.14; CI 1.00, 9.98] was a risk factor for </span>"moderate" disability. Economic inactivity, receiving benefits, and having no fixed abode were risk factors (P≤0.05) across HDQ domains; physical, mental and emotional, difficulty with day-to-day activities, and challenges to social participation. Personal factors, identifying as a woman and being aged <50 years, were risk factors (P≤0.05) for HDQ domains; mental and emotional, uncertainty, and challenges with social participation.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>People living with well-controlled HIV in London UK experienced multi-dimensional and episodic disability. Results help to better understand the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability experienced by adults living with HIV, identify areas to target interventions, and optimise health and functioning.</p> </div>
The mortality risk factor of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) patients with Sepsis: a retrospective study
<p><strong><span>Objectives:</span></strong><span> Sepsis is one of the most common comorbidities in severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) patients. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and mortality risk factors of SCAP patients hospitalized with Sepsis.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Design:</span></strong><span> A retrospective, single-centre study.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Setting:</span></strong><span> This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Southern China.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Participants:</span></strong><span> A total of 119 patients with SCAP, aged 17 years or older, were treated in the Integrated intensive care unit from 1 January 2018 to 30 December 2020.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Interventions:</span></strong><span> none.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Outcome:</span></strong><span> 180-day mortality was the primary outcome.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results:</strong></span><span> 119 patients were divided into the survivors (83 patients,69.75%), and the non-survivors (36 patients,30.25%). There are more pronounced inflammatory responses and respiratory problems at the beginning of the disease in non-survivors, requiring stronger respiratory and circulatory support.</span> <span>The CURB-65 score was a better predictor of mortality than the PSI and APACHE2 scores, AUCs of CURB-65: OR 0.744, p<0.005.</span> <span>For the entire treatment cycle, the non-survivors had a longer duration of persistent fever, required continuous and repeated airway intervention, and a longer duration of Vasopressor support (P<0.001). SCAP with bacterial infection as the onset, </span><span>or secondary bacterial infection had a poor prognosis (P=0.018). The non-survivors had more use of different types of antimicrobials (P<0.05), because of Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. And have faced more antifungal treatment failures (P=0.006). The</span> <span>mortality risk factors were comorbid with a duration of Vasopressors support, duration of persistent fever, age, numbers of antimicrobials for MDR organisms, CURB-65 score and duration of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (NMBAs) (OR=1.234, OR=1.158, OR=1.084, OR=6.484, OR=3.386, OR=1.505, p<0.005, respectively).</span></p> <p><strong><span>Conclusion:</span></strong><span> Dynamic monitoring of the duration of patients' abnormal indicators can help predict the prognosis. Age≥65.5 years, fever duration ≥9.5 days, number of antimicrobials</span> <span>for MDR organisms ≥2 types</span><span>, longer NMBAs and Vasopressors use, and higher CURB-65 score were mortality risk factors in SCAP-Sepsis patients.</span></p>
Influence of social and environmental factors for Culex quinquefasciatus distribution in Northeastern Brazil: a risk index
<p>Article data influence of social and environmental factors for Culex quinquefasciatus distribution in Northeastern Brazil: a risk index.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.