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18,621 results for “development;”
Data from: Development time mediates the effect of larval diet on ageing and mating success of male antler flies in the wild
<p class="western">High-quality developmental environments often improve individual performance into adulthood, but allocating toward early life traits, such as growth, development rate and reproduction, may lead to trade-offs with late-life performance. It is, therefore, uncertain how a rich developmental environment will affect the ageing process (senescence), particularly in wild insects. To investigate the effects of early life environmental quality on insect life-history traits, including senescence, we reared larval antler flies (<i>Protopiophila litigata</i>) on four diets of varying nutrient concentration, then recorded survival and mating success of adult males released in the wild. Declining diet quality was associated with slower development, but had no effect on other life-history traits once development time was accounted for. Fast-developing males were larger and lived longer, but experienced more rapid senescence in survival and lower average mating rate compared to slow developers. Ultimately, larval diet, development time and body size did not predict lifetime mating success. Thus, a rich environment led to a mixture of apparent benefits and costs, mediated by development time. Our results indicate that 'silver spoon' effects can be complex and that development time mediates the response of adult life-history traits to early life environmental quality.</p>
Code-Level Model Checking in the Software Development Workflow -- Replication Package
<p>This experience report describes a style of applying symbolic model checking developed over the course of four years at Amazon Web Services (AWS). Lessons learned are drawn from proving properties of numerous C-based systems, e.g., custom hypervisors, encryption code, boot loaders, and an IoT operating system. Using our methodology, we find that we can prove the correctness of industrial low-level C-based systems with reasonable effort and predictability. Furthermore, AWS developers are increasingly writing their own formal specifications. All proofs discussed in this paper are publicly available on GitHub. All proofs and specifications described in the paper are available, under the Apache 2.0 license, on the GitHub repository located at <a href="https://github.com/awslabs/aws-c-common/">https://github.com/awslabs/aws-c-common/</a> This is the master repository for AWS C Common library, and is in active use by the AWS C Common development team. The description of the contents of this repository are based off commit <code>b0ea9f35df8934f9e03fc3bab3919d55efd69b88</code>, although they are not expected to change significantly in the future.</p>
Interfering with neighbouring communities: allelopathy astray in the tundra delays seedling development
<p>1. Altered species composition caused by environmental and climatic change can affect the transfer of plant residues among communities. Whereas transferred residues are typically considered a resource in recipient systems, residues of allelopathic species may instead cause interference.</p> <p>2. Evergreen dwarf shrubs, specifically the allelopathic species Empetrum nigrum are increasing in abundance in response to a warming climate. Empetrum has small, evergreen leaves that can be transferred to other communities when withered and lost from the plant.</p> <p>3. We hypothesize that Empetrum can have allelopathic effects in the recipient communities of the withered leaves. We call this allochthonous allelopathy as opposed to autochthonous allelopathy, which is well documented in communities where it grows.</p> <p>4. We measured influx of allochthonous Empetrum leaves onto snow-covered snowbeds, where they are easily identified within the debris. Next, we compared the bioactivity of allochthonous withered leaves with that of green Empetrum leaves. Finally, we conducted an experiment testing the germination and seedling growth of ten tundra species in snowbed soil supplemented with no (control) and three densities of allochthonous Empetrum leaves.</p> <p>5. We found Empetrum leaves to be common on the snow cover of snowbeds. We found Empetrum leaves collected on snowbeds to be as bioactive as green leaves. Finally, we found forb species to have reduced germination and all ten species to have delayed seedling development when growing in snowbed soil supplemented with withered Empetrum leaves. Seedlings under the control treatment were 2.3 times longer and had 3.2 times more leaves in comparison to seedlings grown under the strongest allochthonous leaf treatment.</p> <p>6. Results from our study imply that Empetrum is allelopathic in recipient systems of its allochthonous leaves. The abundant nature of Empetrum in the tundra, suggests that allochthonous allelopathy is a common phenomenon, causing biotic stress in snowbeds and potentially other parts of the tundra. Exemplifying the ability of a plant to interfere in neighbouring communities, our study demonstrates a plant trait that may provide insight to other study systems.</p>
Data from: Combined effect of anthropogenic noise and artificial night lighting negatively affect Western Bluebird chick development
<p>Sensory pollutants such as anthropogenic noise and night lighting now expose much of the world to evolutionarily novel sound and night lighting conditions. An emerging body of literature has reported a variety of deleterious effects caused by these stimuli, spanning behavioral, physiological, population and community-level responses. However, the combined influence of noise and light has received almost no attention despite the co-occurrence of these stimuli in many landscapes. Here we evaluated the singular and combined effects of these stimuli on Western Bluebird (<i>Sialia mexicana</i>) reproductive success using a field-based manipulation. Nests exposed to noise and light together experienced less predation than control and light-exposed nests, and noise-exposed nests experienced less predation than control nests, yet overall nest success was only higher in noise-exposed nests compared to light-exposed nests. Although exposure to light decreased nestling body condition and evidence was mixed for the singular effects of noise or light on nestling size, those nestlings exposed to noise and light together were smaller across several metrics than nestlings in control nests. Our results support previous research on the singular effects of either stimuli, including potential benefits, such as reduced nest predation with noise exposure. However, our results also suggest that noise and light together can negatively affect some aspects of reproduction more strongly than either sensory pollutant alone. This finding is especially important given that these stimuli tend to covary and are projected to increase dramatically in the next several decades.</p>
The critical role of MetR/MetB/MetC/MetX in cysteine and methionine metabolism, fungal development and virulence of Alternaria alternata
<p>Methionine is a unique sulfur-containing amino acid, which plays an important role in biological protein synthesis and various cellular processes. Here, we characterize the biological functions of <em>AaMetB</em>, <em>AaMetC</em>, and <em>AaMetX</em> in the tangerine pathotype of <em>Alternaria alternata</em>. Morphological analysis showed that mutants lacking <em>AaMetB</em>, <em>AaMetC</em>, or <em>AaMetX</em> resulted in less aerial hypha and fewer conidia in artificial media. The virulence assays revealed that <em>AaMetB</em>, <em>AaMetC</em>, and <em>AaMetX </em>are required for full virulence. The defects of <em></em><em>MetB</em>, <em></em><em>MetC</em>, and <em></em><em>MetX</em> in vegetative growth, conidiation and virulence can be restored by exogenous methionine and homocysteine, indicating that <em>AaMetB</em>, <em>AaMetC</em>, and <em>AaMetX </em>are required for methionine biosynthesis. The defects of <em></em><em>MetR </em>in vegetative growth and virulence can be restored by exogenous cysteine, indicating that <em>AaMetR</em> is essential for cysteine biosynthesis. The oxidant sensitivity assay showed that only <em></em><em>MetR</em> is sensitivity to H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and many ROS-generating compounds, which indicates that <em>AaMetR</em> is essential for oxidative tolerance. Interestingly, indoor bioassays of these mutants on fungicides showed that only the <em></em><em>MetR </em>mutants<em> </em>are susceptive to chlorothalonil, which can interact with the cysteine of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that the inactivation of <em>MetB</em>, <em>MetC</em>, <em>MetX</em>, or <em>MetR</em> significantly affected the expression of many genes related to methionine metabolism. Moreover, the inactivation of Aa<em>MetR</em> significantly affected the expression of many genes related to glutathione metabolism, which is required for ROS tolerance. In conclusion, our study provides genetic evidence to define the critical roles of <em>AaMetB</em>, <em>AaMetC</em>, <em>AaMetX</em>, and <em>AaMetR</em> in the metabolism of cysteine and methionine, fungal development and virulence of <em>Alternaria alternata.</em></p>
Development and Optimization of an IQF USP5 Activity Assay
<p>Development and optimization of a fluorescence based deubiquitinase (DUB) activity assay for USP5 with internally quenched fluorophore pair (IQF) substrates: di-ubiquitin lysine linked K48 and K63 (Ub2K48, Ub2K63). The inhibitory capability of USP5 zinc-finger ubiquitin binding domain (ZnF-UBD) ligands was investigated. </p>
Development, Education, and Implementation of a Low-Cost Audio Sensor-based Autonomous Surveillance System for Smart and Connected Transportation Infrastructure Construction and Maintenance
<p>Each DOT has to govern and oversee an enormous number of transportation construction and maintenance projects. However, since a transportation construction project entails several miles of a job site including numerous work tasks and equipment operations, it has been increasingly challenging for each DOT to consistently monitor progress of all projects in each State as well as efficiently evaluate work performance. In particular, with limited human resources and time, DOTs in Region 6 States have managed large-scale transportation construction and maintenance projects by a human inspection and recovered direct and indirect damages of transportation infrastructure systems caused from the recent natural disasters. In this demanding situation, DOT practitioners and project managers have long recognized the importance of automated monitoring and surveillance of transportation construction and maintenance processes that helps consistently track work progress and take immediate remedial action. As one promising supplement for site monitoring and human inspection, this project proposes a new approach for low-cost audio sensor-based autonomous site and safety surveillance of transportation construction and maintenance, which allows for faster, more convenient, and more accurate work zone monitoring. The proposed innovation using the sound-based site and safety monitoring framework possesses several competitive advantages over traditional site management and existing vision-based work monitoring methods, which not only sounds can be easily recognized and instantly analyzed by diverse sound sensors. In addition, this sound-based monitoring approach supports an unlimited range of monitoring angles and illumination levels with lightweight data processing and comparatively quick analytics. To achieve these goals, this study developed a low-cost wearable audio-sensor for automated work zone monitoring and real-time activity log generation. This new intelligent site and safety surveillance system is expected to support real-time monitoring of construction progress, evaluation of task performance, and rapid identification of safety issues in transportation construction and maintenance projects.</p>
Historic land use intensity (tau) development
<p>tau_xref_history_country.mz contains historic tau values on iso country level for total tau factor. This numbers were calculated by taking FAO yields and norming it to the 1995 tau values of the paper (faoyields*tau95/mean(faoyields[1995:2005]))</p>
Data from: Late Cretaceous bird from Madagascar reveals unique development of beaks
<p>Mesozoic birds display considerable diversity in size, flight adaptations and feather organization, but exhibit relatively conserved patterns of beak shape and development. Although Neornithine (that is, crown group) birds also exhibit constraint on facial development, they have comparatively diverse beak morphologies associated with a range of feeding and behavioural ecologies, in contrast to Mesozoic birds. Here we describe a crow-sized stem bird, <em>Falcatakely forsterae </em>gen. et sp. nov., from the Late Cretaceous epoch of Madagascar that possesses a long and deep rostrum, an expression of beak morphology that was previously unknown among Mesozoic birds and is superficially similar to that of a variety of crown-group birds (for example, toucans). The rostrum of <em>Falcatakely </em>is composed of an expansive edentulous maxilla and a small tooth-bearing premaxilla. Morphometric analyses of individual bony elements and three-dimensional rostrum shape reveal the development of a neornithine-like facial anatomy despite the retention of a maxilla–premaxilla organization that is similar to that of nonavialan theropods. The patterning and increased height of the rostrum in <em>Falcatakely </em>reveals a degree of developmental lability and increased morphological disparity that was previously unknown in early branching avialans. Expression of this phenotype (and presumed ecology) in a stem bird underscores that consolidation to the neornithine-like, premaxilla-dominated rostrum was not an evolutionary prerequisite for beak enlargement.</p>
A putative telomerase activator has tissue-specific effects on telomere length in a developing songbird
<p>There is good evidence that telomeres predict variation in health and longevity, yet it is unclear whether these patterns are causally derived from telomeres <i>per se</i>, in part because relatively little research directly manipulates telomere length during early life, when telomere shortening is most dynamic. Here, we test how the telomerase activator TA-65 (i.e., cycloastrogenol) affects telomere length in five tissues during the peak of growth in the wild tree swallow (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>). Following 8 days of oral TA-65 administration, chicks experienced telomere lengthening in the blood and accelerated feather growth, but no changes to mass over time. TA-65 did not affect telomere length in the brain or spleen and led to shorter telomeres in the liver and adrenals. This whole-organism experimental manipulation of telomere dynamics therefore reveals limitations to telomere protection and biological senescence. In doing so, this work advances our understanding of early-life telomere dynamics and their potential role in generating future variation in health and lifespan.</p>
Data from: Carbonate shelf development and early Paleozoic benthic diversity in Baltica: A hierarchical diversity partitioning approach using brachiopod data
<p class="Text">The Ordovician–Silurian (~485–419 Ma) was a time of considerable evolutionary upheaval, encompassing both the largest evolutionary diversification and one of the first major mass extinctions. The Ordovician diversification coincided with global climatic cooling and paleocontinental collision, the ecological impacts of which were mediated by region-specific processes including substrate changes, biotic invasions, and tectonic movements. From the Sandbian–Katian (~453 Ma) onward, an extensive carbonate shelf developed in the eastern Baltic paleobasin in response to a tectonic shift to tropical latitudes and an increase in the abundance of calcareous macroorganisms. We quantify the contributions of environmental differentiation and temporal turnover to regional diversity through the Ordovician and Silurian, using brachiopod occurrences from the more shallow-water facies belts of the eastern Baltic paleobasin, an epicontinental sea on the Baltica paleocontinent. The results are consistent with carbonate shelf development as a driver of Ordovician regional diversification, both by enhancing broadscale differentiation between shallow- and deep-marine environments and by generating heterogeneous carbonate environments that allowed increasing numbers of brachiopod genera to coexist. However, temporal turnover also contributed significantly to apparent regional diversity, particularly in the Middle–Late Ordovician.</p>
Pervasive mitonuclear coadaptation underlies fast development in interpopulation hybrids of a marine crustacean
<p>Cellular energy production requires coordinated interactions between genetic components from the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This coordination results in coadaptation of interacting elements within populations. Interbreeding between divergent gene pools can disrupt coadapted loci and result in hybrid fitness breakdown. While specific incompatible loci have been detected in mutiple eukaryotic taxa, the extent of the nuclear genome that is influenced by mitonuclear coadaptation is not clear in any species. Here, we used F<sub>2</sub> hybrids between two divergent populations of the copepod <em>Tigriopus californicus</em> to examine mitonuclear coadaptation across the nuclear genome. Using developmental rate as a measure of fitness, we fount that fast-developing copepods had higher ATP synthesis capacity than slow developers, suggesting variation in developmental rates is at least partly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Using Pool-seq, we detected strong biases for maternal alleles across 7 (of 12) chomosomes in both reciprocal crosses in high-fitness hybrids, while low-fitness hybrids showed shifts towards the paternal population. Comparison with previous results on a different hybrid cross revealed largely different patterns of strong mitonuclear coadaptation associated with developmental rate. Our findings suggest that functional coadaptation between interacting nuclear and mitochondrial components is reflected in strong polygenic effects on this life-history phenotype, and reveal that molecular coadaptation follows independent evolutionary trajectories among isolated populations.</p>
Development of Multi-component Non-Sex Pheromone Blends to Monitor both Sexes of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
<p>Raw data of codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) captures by using blends of Volatile Organic Compounds in ternary and quaternary combinations (3- and 4-compoment lures) in USA during 2019.</p>
Dataset for the paper "Googling for Software Development: What Developers Search For and What They Find?", MSR 2021.
<p>This is the dataset for the paper "Googling for Software Development: What Developers Search For and What They Find?" submitted to the Mining Software Repositories Conference (MSR), 2021.</p> <p>This dataset has three data:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Search queries</strong>: contains the search queries to compute RQ1, RQ2, RQ3, and RQ4.</li> <li><strong>Search results RQ5</strong>: contains the search results to compute RQ5 (files starting with "search-results-rq5").</li> <li><strong>Search results RQ6</strong>: contains the search results to compute RQ6 (files starting with "search-results-rq6").</li> </ul> <p>The dataset "Search results RQ6" has 8 columns: </p> <ol> <li>same_top10: whether the top 10 links are exactly the same (0 or 1)</li> <li>same_top1: whether the top 1 links are exactly the same (0 or 1)</li> <li>inter_ratio_top5: the intersection of links in the top 5</li> <li>inter_ratio_top10: the intersection of links in the top 10</li> <li>original_query: the original queries</li> <li>original_search_resuls: the top 10 links returned for the original queries</li> <li>modified_query: the modified queries</li> <li>modified_search_resuls: the top 10 links returned for the modified queries</li> </ol> <p>Example (word swap, context)</p> <ul> <li>Original query: "java string replaceall case insensitive"</li> <li>Modified query: "string replaceall case insensitive java"</li> <li>Single row example: "0","1.0","0.8","0.9","java string replaceall case insensitive","['https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5054995/how-to-replace-case-insensitive-literal-substrings-in-java', ...]","string replaceall case insensitive java","['https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5054995/how-to-replace-case-insensitive-literal-substrings-in-java', ...]"</li> </ul>
Analysis of the Causes of Workforce Shortages: Create Guidelines for Education and Workforce Development in Transportation to Generate Future Careers for the Navajo Nation
<p>Activities were dedicated to the collections, summarizations and categorizing more research articles related to the analysis of the sources of workforce deficiencies. The focus was on the technical and educational solution methods and strategies, guideline relevant to the workforce development. The times also were committed to the development of educational modules related to carrier’s opportunities in the transport industry into a couple of courses. Several NTU STEM students were interviewed, selected and introduced for the summer research internships in transportation areas to LSU Tran SET center. Outreach activities conducted with the community and some of the high school professionals related to the factors, which have the greatest impact on job choice decisions of students entering the workforce in transportation industries. In order to increase the community knowledge and awareness several intern students were hired and guided to do research about the impact of transport trades and jobs chances on communities in the Navajo Nation.</p>
Supplementary Information for "Resolution and the Detection of Cultural Dispersals: development and application of spatiotemporal methods in Lowland South America"
<p>Data and code to reproduce the analyses in "Resolution and the Detection of Cultural Dispersals: development and application of spatiotemporal methods in Lowland South America"</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Inferring episodes of expansion, admixture, diffusion, and/or migration in prehistory is at present undergoing a resurgence in macro-scale archaeological interpretation. In parallel to this renewed popularity, expanding access to computational tools and datasets has seen the use of aggregated radiocarbon datasets for the study of dispersals also increasing. This paper advocates for developing reflexive practice in the application of radiocarbon dates to prehistoric dispersals, by reflecting on the quality and qualities of the underlying data, particularly chronometric uncertainty, and framing dispersals explicitly in terms of hypothesis testing. This paper draws on cultural expansions within South America and employs two emblematic examples, the Arauquinoid and Tupiguarani traditions, to develop an analytical solution that not only incorporates chronometric uncertainty in bivariate regression but, importantly, tests whether the datasets provide statistically significant evidence for a dispersal process. The analysis, which the paper provides the means to replicate, identifies fundamental issues with resolution and data quality that impede identification of pre-Columbian cultural dispersals through simple spatial gradients of radiocarbon data. The results suggest that reflexivity must be fed back into theoretical frameworks of prehistoric mobility for the study of dispersals, in turn informing the construction of more critical statistical null models. As a first step, alternative models of cultural expansion should be formally considered alongside demographic models.Inferring episodes of expansion, admixture, diffusion, and/or migration in prehistory is at present undergoing a resurgence in macro-scale archaeological interpretation. In parallel to this renewed popularity, expanding access to computational tools and datasets has seen the use of aggregated radiocarbon datasets for the study of dispersals also increasing. This paper advocates for developing reflexive practice in the application of radiocarbon dates to prehistoric dispersals, by reflecting on the quality and qualities of the underlying data, particularly chronometric uncertainty, and framing dispersals explicitly in terms of hypothesis testing. This paper draws on cultural expansions within South America and employs two emblematic examples, the Arauquinoid and Tupiguarani traditions, to develop an analytical solution that not only incorporates chronometric uncertainty in bivariate regression but, importantly, tests whether the datasets provide statistically significant evidence for a dispersal process. The analysis, which the paper provides the means to replicate, identifies fundamental issues with resolution and data quality that impede identification of pre-Columbian cultural dispersals through simple spatial gradients of radiocarbon data. The results suggest that reflexivity must be fed back into theoretical frameworks of prehistoric mobility for the study of dispersals, in turn informing the construction of more critical statistical null models. As a first step, alternative models of cultural expansion should be formally considered alongside demographic models.</p>
Artifacts Package - "Why don't Developers Detect Improper Input Validation? '; DROP TABLE Papers; --"
<p>Artifacts Package of the accepted ICSE 21 paper: "Why don’t Developers Detect Improper Input Validation? '; DROP TABLE Papers; --".</p> <p>See README.md for more information. </p>
Wild Dictyostelium discoideum social amoebae show plastic responses to the presence of nonrelatives during multicellular development
<p>When multiple strains of microbes form social groups, such as the multicellular fruiting bodies of <em>Dictyostelium discoideum</em>, conflict can arise regarding cell fate. Both fixed and plastic differences among strains can contribute to cell fate, and plastic responses may be particularly important if social environments frequently change. We used RNA-sequencing and photographic time series analysis to detect possible conflict-induced plastic differences between wild <em>D. discoideum </em>aggregates formed by single strains compared to mixed pairs of strains (chimeras). We found one hundred and two differentially expressed genes that were enriched for biological processes including cytoskeleton organization and cyclic-AMP response (up-regulated in chimeras), and DNA replication and cell cycle (down-regulated in chimeras). In addition, our data indicate that in reference to a time series of multicellular development in the lab strain AX4, chimeras may be slightly behind clonal aggregates in their development. Finally, phenotypic analysis supported slower splitting of aggregates and a nonsignificant trend for larger group sizes in chimeras. The transcriptomic comparison and phenotypic analyses support discoordination among aggregate group members due to social conflict. These results are consistent with previously observed factors that affect cell fate decision in <em>D. discoideum </em>and provide evidence for plasticity in cAMP signaling and phenotypic coordination during development in response to social conflict in <em>D. discoideum </em>and similar microbial social groups.</p>
Developing hierarchical density-structured models to study the national-scale dynamics of an arable weed
<p class="BodyText1">Population dynamics can be highly variable in the face of environmental heterogeneity, and understanding this variation is central in the study of ecology. Robust management decisions require that we understand how populations respond to management at a range of scales, and under a broad suite of conditions. Population models are potentially valuable tools in addressing this challenge. However, without adequate data, models can fail to produce useful results. Populations of arable weeds are particularly problematic in this respect, as they are widespread and their dynamics are extremely variable. Owing to the inherent cost of collecting data, most studies of weed population dynamics are derived from localized experiments under a small range of environmental conditions, limiting the extent to which variance in population dynamics can be measured. Density-structured models provide a route to rapid, large-scale analysis of population dynamics, and can expand the scale of ecological models that are directly tied to data. Here we extend previous density-structured models to include environmental heterogeneity, variation in management, and to account for inter-population variation. We develop, parameterize and test hierarchical density-structured models for a common agricultural weed, black-grass (<i>Alopecurus myosuroides</i>). We model the dynamics of this species in response to crop management, using survey data gathered over 4 years from 364 fields across a network of 45 UK farms. We show that hierarchical density-structured models provide a substantial improvement over their non-hierarchical counterparts. Using these models, we demonstrate that several alternative crop-rotations are effective in reducing weed densities. Rotations with high wheat prevalence exhibit the most severe infestations, and diverse rotations generally have lower weed densities. However, a key outcome is that in many cases the effect of crop rotation is small compared to the high variability arising from spatio-temporal heterogeneity. This result highlights the need to monitor and model population dynamics across large spatial and temporal scales in order to account for variation in the drivers of plant dynamics. Our framework for data collection and modelling provides a means to achieve this.</p>
Temporal nitrogen dynamics in intensively managed loblolly pine early stand development
<p>Forest production is strongly dependent on nutrient uptake; however, sustainable management of intensively managed plantations requires an improved understanding of this relationship when fertilization occurs frequently across short rotations. Here, we studied temporal nitrogen (N) concentration ([N]) and content (Nc) dynamics under different silvicultural practices (herbicide, fertilization, and planting density) throughout early loblolly pine (<i>Pinus taeda</i>) stand development (5 years). We describe relationships of [N] and Nc of different stand components (foliage, branches, stem, roots, and competing vegetation) with carbon and biomass. Our results demonstrate that [N] of perennial loblolly tissues do not respond to silvicultural practices and progressively decrease through development. While foliar [N] was most responsive to resource availability, it was not consistent across time. Controlling competing vegetation was crucial to promote the use of site resources by the crop tree and increased loblolly Nc by >500%. However, increased N uptake and expedited growth is dependent upon fertilization early in stand development. At age 5,<i> </i>herbicide<i> </i>plus <i>reduced </i>and <i>full </i>fertilization<i> </i>rates exhibited similar aboveground Nc, which was 32% higher than with <i>herbicide only</i>. Increasing planting density resulted in increased above- and belowground loblolly Nc; however, increases in Nc were not proportional with increases in planting density. Net primary productivity and N uptake were linearly related, but age/development strongly controlled N use efficiency. Our study helps to understand complex relationships between N, biomass, and silvicultural practices during early stand development and demonstrates that temporal evaluation of nutrient dynamics is crucial to better understand loblolly pine growth, carbon sequestration potential, and to inform sustainable silvicultural practices across short rotations.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.