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opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Observations of invertebrate predation on Xenopus mellotropicalis frogs.

We report here for the first time our observations of predation events on Xenopus mellotropicalis frogs that illustrate the diversity of predators for that species.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

A Thirty Minute Nap Enhances Performance in Running Based Anaerobic Sprint Test During and After Ramadan Observance

<table> <tbody> <tr> <td> Age </td> <td> height </td> <td>  weight </td> <td> BMI </td> <td> MAX POWER (Watt)-DURING RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> MİNİMUM POWER (Watt)-DURING RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> AVERAGE POWER (Watt)-DURING RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> FATİGUE İNDEX (%)-DURING RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> MAX POWER (Watt)- AFTER RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> MİNİMUM POWER (Watt)- AFTER RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> AVERAGE POWER (Watt)- AFTER RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> FATİGUE İNDEX (%)- AFTER RAMADAN NO NAP </td> <td> MAX POWER (Watt)- DURING RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> MİNİMUM POWER (Watt)- DURING RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> AVERAGE POWER (Watt)- DURING RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> FATİGUE İNDEX (%)- DURING RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> MAX POWER (Watt)-  AFTER RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> MİNİMUM POWER (Watt)-  AFTER RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> AVERAGE POWER (Watt)-  AFTER RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> <td> FATİGUE İNDEX (%)-  AFTER RAMADAN 30M NAP </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 24.00 </td> <td> 177.00 </td> <td> 89.00 </td> <td> 28.40 </td> <td> 388 </td> <td> 303 </td> <td> 334 </td> <td> 2.05 </td> <td> 432 </td> <td> 312 </td> <td> 365 </td> <td> 2.97 </td> <td> 453 </td> <td> 326 </td> <td> 392 </td> <td> 3.23 </td> <td> 466 </td> <td> 350 </td> <td> 411 </td> <td> 3.02 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 23.00 </td> <td> 178.00 </td> <td> 70.00 </td> <td> 22.10 </td> <td> 513 </td> <td> 399 </td> <td> 469 </td> <td> 3.33 </td> <td> 539 </td> <td> 428 </td> <td> 485 </td> <td> 3.27 </td> <td> 560 </td> <td> 451 </td> <td> 513 </td> <td> 3.29 </td> <td> 606 </td> <td> 468 </td> <td> 535 </td> <td> 4.24 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 21.00 </td> <td> 170.00 </td> <td> 76.00 </td> <td> 26.30 </td> <td> 563 </td> <td> 444 </td> <td> 506 </td> <td> 3.47 </td> <td> 585 </td> <td> 456 </td> <td> 516 </td> <td> 3.80 </td> <td> 605 </td> <td> 482 </td> <td> 533 </td> <td> 4.82 </td> <td> 640 </td> <td> 475 </td> <td> 538 </td> <td> 4.92 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 22.00 </td> <td> 174.00 </td> <td> 67.00 </td> <td> 22.10 </td> <td> 711 </td> <td> 376 </td> <td> 507 </td> <td> 10.12 </td> <td> 733 </td> <td> 402 </td> <td> 538 </td> <td> 10.24 </td> <td> 791 </td> <td> 432 </td> <td> 575 </td> <td> 11.34 </td> <td> 866 </td> <td> 448 </td> <td> 613 </td> <td> 13.48 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 20.00 </td> <td> 170.00 </td> <td> 72.00 </td> <td> 24.90 </td> <td> 673 </td> <td> 367 </td> <td> 503 </td> <td> 9.02 </td> <td> 697 </td> <td> 356 </td> <td> 534 </td> <td> 10.24 </td> <td> 741 </td> <td> 381 </td> <td> 570 </td> <td> 11.03 </td> <td> 808 </td> <td> 412 </td> <td> 608 </td> <td> 12.38 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 19.00 </td> <td> 172.00 </td> <td> 62.00 </td> <td> 21.00 </td> <td> 566 </td> <td> 290 </td> <td> 434 </td> <td> 8.13 </td> <td> 553 </td> <td> 305 </td> <td> 445 </td> <td> 7.35 </td> <td> 579 </td> <td> 311 </td> <td> 468 </td> <td> 8.11 </td> <td> 604 </td> <td> 346 </td> <td> 502 </td> <td> 7.99 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 21.00 </td> <td> 171.00 </td> <td> 73.00 </td> <td> 25.00 </td> <td> 769 </td> <td> 295 </td> <td> 513 </td> <td> 13.84 </td> <td> 789 </td> <td> 304 </td> <td> 527 </td> <td> 14.26 </td> <td> 824 </td> <td> 329 </td> <td> 563 </td> <td> 14.91 </td> <td> 878 </td> <td> 390 </td> <td> 610 </td> <td> 15.17 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 19.00 </td> <td> 179.00 </td> <td> 76.00 </td> <td> 23.70 </td> <td> 908 </td> <td> 305 </td> <td> 551 </td> <td> 17.56 </td> <td> 944 </td> <td> 330 </td> <td> 574 </td> <td> 18.18 </td> <td> 982 </td> <td> 362 </td> <td> 600 </td> <td> 18.67 </td> <td> 1029 </td> <td> 394 </td> <td> 647 </td> <td> 19.57 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 22.00 </td> <td> 174.00 </td> <td> 71.00 </td> <td> 23.50 </td> <td> 717 </td> <td> 358 </td> <td> 517 </td> <td> 10.72 </td> <td> 735 </td> <td> 385 </td> <td> 543 </td> <td> 10.63 </td> <td> 753 </td> <td> 399 </td> <td> 565 </td> <td> 10.93 </td> <td> 806 </td> <td> 434 </td> <td> 606 </td> <td> 11.74 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> 21.00 </td> <td> 183.00 </td> <td> 77.00 </td> <td> 23.00 </td> <td> 1001 </td> <td> 499 </td> <td> 675 </td> <td> 15.91 </td> <td> 1028 </td> <td> 540 </td> <td> 711 </td> <td> 15.78 </td> <td> 1035 </td> <td> 592 </td> <td> 760 </td> <td> 14.67 </td> <td> 1100 </td> <td> 606 </td> <td> 804 </td> <td> 16.66 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

dryad36/100

Focal vs. faecal: Seasonal variation in the diet of wild vervet monkeys from observational and DNA metabarcoding data

1. Assessing the diet of wild animals reveals valuable information about their ecology and trophic relationships that may help elucidate dynamic interactions in ecosystems and forecast responses to environmental changes. 2. Advances in molecular biology provide valuable research tools in this field. However, comparative empirical research is still required to highlight strengths and potential biases of different approaches. Therefore, this study compares environmental DNA and observational methods for the same study population and sampling duration. 3. We employed DNA metabarcoding assays targeting plant and arthropod diet items in 823 faecal samples collected over 12 months in a wild population of an omnivorous primate, the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus). DNA metabarcoding data were subsequently compared to direct observations. 4. We observed the same seasonal patterns of plant consumption with both methods, however, DNA metabarcoding showed considerably greater taxonomic coverage and resolution compared to observations, mostly due to the construction of a local plant DNA database. We found a strong effect of season on variation in plant consumption largely shaped by the dry and wet seasons. The seasonal effect on arthropod consumption was weaker but feeding on arthropods was more frequent in spring and summer, showing overall that vervets adapt their diet according to available resources. The DNA metabarcoding assay outperformed also direct observations of arthropod consumption in both taxonomic coverage and resolution. 5. Combining traditional techniques and DNA metabarcoding data can therefore not only provide enhanced assessments of complex diets or reveal trophic interactions to the benefit of wildlife conservationists and managers but also opens new perspectives for behavioural ecologists studying whether diet variation in social species is induced by environmental differences or might reflect selective foraging behaviours.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

A global historical twice-daily (daytime and nighttime) land surface temperature dataset produced by AVHRR observations from 1981 to 2021 (1981–2000)

<ul> <li>Land surface temperature (LST) is a key variable for monitoring and evaluating global long-term climate change. However, existing satellite-based twice-daily LST products only date back to 2000, which makes it difficult to obtain robust long-term temperature variations. We developed the first global historical twice-daily LST dataset (GT-LST), with a spatial resolution of 0.05°, using Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Level-1b Global Area Coverage data from 1981 to 2021.</li> <li>Validation with in situ measurements from Surface Radiation Budget sites showed that the overall root-mean-square errors of GT-LST varied from 2.0 K to 3.9 K. Inter-comparison with a common LST product (i.e., MYD11A1) revealed that the overall root-mean-square-difference was approximately 3.2 K.</li> <li>More details of this dataset can be seen in readme.pdf.</li> <li>This dataset provides GT-LST product from 1981 to 2000.</li> </ul>

A global historical twice-daily (daytime and nighttime) land surface temperature dataset produced by AVHRR observations from 1981 to 2021 (2001–2005)

Ground observation of daily gases and aerosols from FRIEND project (2020-21 winter)

The files contain hourly average concentration of gases (SO2, NO2, O3, CO, NH3) and aerosols (NH4+, SO42-, NO3-, OC, EC) measured at the following sites.  Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia ('lon':106.91, 'lat':47.92)  Beijing, China ('lon':116.31, 'lat':39.99)  Seosan, South Korea ('lon':126.49, 'lat':36.78)  Seoul, South Korea ('lon':126.93, 'lat':37.61)  Noto, Japan ('lon':137.36, 'lat':37.45)  Details can be found from the paper submitted. (will be updated later once accepted)

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

dryad36/100

Comparative observational study of gastric content in women scheduled for caesarean section or operative hysteroscopy: The ECHOCESAR study

Objective: There is a large literature concerning the estimation of gastric content in third-trimester pregnant women but their conclusions remain contradictory. Our objective was to compare gastric content in pregnant women and in non-pregnant ones using gastric ultrasound. Design: An observational two centres study was designed. Methods: The antral cross-sectional area (CSA) in the semi-recumbent position (SRP), primary outcome, and in the right lateral position (RLD) were measured in pregnant women scheduled for a caesarean section (CS group) or non-pregnant women who underwent hysteroscopy (HS group) just before surgery. Perlas' score was also evaluated. Results: One hundred and twenty-six patients were analysed, 61 patients in the CS group and 65 in the HS group. Antral CSA, measured in the SRP, was greater in the CS group than in the HS group (350 mm2 [236 - 415] vs 247 mm2 [180 - 318]; (P=0.001). This difference remained significant when the analysis was adjusted for fasting duration (P<0.001) or anxiety (P=0.001) or both (P<0.001). Among secondary outcomes, Perlas scores did not differ between groups (P=0.860). Concordance between antral CSA, categorised as corresponding to an empty or full stomach, and Perlas score was very poor. Conclusions: Our results bring arguments to consider that individuals among pregnant women could have a delayed gastric emptying and support performing a gastric ultrasound in term pregnant patients prior to general anaesthesia.

How well does a convection-permitting climate model represent the reverse orographic effect of extreme hourly precipitation? - Observed precipitation data

The dataset contains the rain gauge hourly rainfall series used in the paper "How well does a convection-permitting climate model represent the reverse orographic effect of extreme hourly precipitation?". Each rain gauge series is saved in one Matlab variable, organized as a structure S with five fields: S.name: the identification name of the rain gauge station S.vals_mm: series of hourly rainfall in millimeter S.time_utc: time steps series, in UTC time S.elev_m: elevation of the station, in m a.s.l. S.xy_utm: station coordinates X and Y in meter in the Reference system WGS84/UTM zone 32N

Processed data for the study on "Observation of site-selective chemical bond changes via ultrafast chemical shifts"

This repository contains the underlying data for the paper entitled "Observation of site-selective chemical bond changes via ultrafast chemical shifts". The uploaded data are preprocessed data measured at the LCLS SLAC facility. Each individual file contains the measurements at a set delay time and spectrometer setting on a shot-by-shot basis. The files contain the following keys: <pre>['Ebeam_energy_MeV', 'Electron_orbit_probe_x', 'Electron_orbit_probe_y', 'Electron_orbit_pump_x', 'Electron_orbit_pump_y', 'Fiducial', 'Fit_quality', 'Gas_monitor_mJ', 'Group', 'N_electrons', 'Photon_energy_FEL_eV', 'Probe_energy_xtcav', 'Probe_pulse_energy_mJ', 'Probe_width_fs', 'Pump_energy_xtcav', 'Pump_pulse_energy_mJ', 'Pump_width_fs', 'TOF_CO_yield', 'TOF_Ne_yield', 'Time_delay_XTCAV']</pre> Description of the individual entries is found in the supplementary materials of the publication. The following table assigns the time delay and measure electron kinetic energy for each dataset. <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Time delay</td> <td>Ek = 234eV</td> <td>Ek = 220eV</td> <td>Ek = 210eV</td> </tr> <tr> <td>40fs</td> <td>Run_210</td> <td>Run_212</td> <td>Run_213</td> </tr> <tr> <td>20fs</td> <td>Run_231</td> <td>Run_236</td> <td>Run_235</td> </tr> <tr> <td>15fs</td> <td>Run_239</td> <td>Run_242</td> <td>Run_241</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10fs</td> <td>Run_238</td> <td>Run_233</td> <td>Run_234</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5fs</td> <td>Run_228</td> <td>Run_226</td> <td>Run_225</td> </tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>Run_221</td> <td>Run_223</td> <td>Run_224</td> </tr> <tr> <td>-5fs</td> <td>Run_217</td> <td>Run_219</td> <td>Run_220</td> </tr> </tbody> </table>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Datasets for "Compositions and Interior Structures of the Large Moons of Uranus and Implications for Future Spacecraft Observations"

Files used to build Figures 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 13 in manuscript entitled "Compositions and Interior Structures of the Large Moons of Uranus and Implications for Future Spacecraft Observations" submitted with JGR.

Figs 15–18 in NEW RECORDS OF CELONITES KOZLOVI KOSTYLEV, 1935 AND C. SIBIRICUS GUSENLEITNER, 2007 (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE: MASARINAE), WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AT FLOWERS

Figs 15–18. Schematic plans of dissected flowers of Dracocephalum spp. (15–16) and

Fig. 5 in NEW RECORDS OF CELONITES KOZLOVI KOSTYLEV, 1935 AND C. SIBIRICUS GUSENLEITNER, 2007 (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE: MASARINAE), WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AT FLOWERS

Fig. 5. Distribution of Celonites kozlovi Kostylev and C. sibiricus Gusenleitner (back-

Figs 9–14 in NEW RECORDS OF CELONITES KOZLOVI KOSTYLEV, 1935 AND C. SIBIRICUS GUSENLEITNER, 2007 (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE: MASARINAE), WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AT FLOWERS

Figs 9–14. Bionomics of Celonites sibiricus Gusenleitner: 9 – habitat in the Chuya River

Figs 1–4 in NEW RECORDS OF CELONITES KOZLOVI KOSTYLEV, 1935 AND C. SIBIRICUS GUSENLEITNER, 2007 (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE: MASARINAE), WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AT FLOWERS

Figs 1–4. Celonites kozlovi Kostylev, ♀, lectotype: 1 – habitus, dorsal view; 2 – habitus,

Figs 6–8 in NEW RECORDS OF CELONITES KOZLOVI KOSTYLEV, 1935 AND C. SIBIRICUS GUSENLEITNER, 2007 (HYMENOPTERA: VESPIDAE: MASARINAE), WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR BEHAVIOR AT FLOWERS

Figs 6–8. Bionomics of Celonites kozlovi Kostylev: 6 – habitat in the Tydtuyaryk River

Figure 9 in New observations of the jumping spider Neobrettus tibialis (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in West Bengal, India

Figure 9. Mating Neobrettus tibialis pair. The female was tending her brood of newly hatched spiderlings when the male approached.

Figure 6 in New observations of the jumping spider Neobrettus tibialis (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in West Bengal, India

Figure 6. Two adult male Neobrettus tibialis feeding on small flying insects. Both males and females extended and waved both pedipalps and legs I as they fed.

Figure 4 in New observations of the jumping spider Neobrettus tibialis (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in West Bengal, India

Figure 4. Habitat of Neobrettus tibialis in the vicinity of the Chintamani Kar Bird Sanctuary southeast of Kolkata, West Bengal. 1, The lead author (IB) searching for N. tibialis beneath banana leaves 2, Banana plant and other mixed tropical vegetation. 3, Site of brooding female N. tibialis on dry margin of banana leaf (inset rectangle). 4, Detail of inset from (3) showing brooding female at the center.

Figure 2 in New observations of the jumping spider Neobrettus tibialis (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in West Bengal, India

Figure 2. Male Neobrettus tibialis in alcohol. 1-3, Dorsal, anterior and left lateral views of specimen with pedipalps removed. 4-7, Ventral (4), ventrolateral (5), lateral (6), and dorsal (7) views of right pedipalp (mirror images).

Figure 3 in New observations of the jumping spider Neobrettus tibialis (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) in West Bengal, India

Figure 3. Female Neobrettus tibialis in alcohol. 1-3, Dorsal, anterior and left lateral views of specimen. 4, Ventral view of epigynum (anterior toward top of page).