Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Genetic mutations and decreased protein expression of ABCG2 urate transporters are associated with susceptibility to gout, disease severity and renal-overload hyperuricemia

We are releasing the data and code of our study of clinically defined gouty patients.

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

Data for: Differential landscape use by forest owls two years after a mixed-severity wildfire

Owls are important avian predators in forested systems, but little is known about landscape use by most forest-adapted owl species in environments impacted by mixed-severity wildfire. To better understand species-specific patterns of post-wildfire landscape use within an owl guild we used passive acoustic monitoring using autonomous recording units. The technology is effective for multi-species surveys, especially if some species are rare, nocturnal, or difficult to detect by traditional means. In 2017 we surveyed the interior and adjacent unburned areas of a 10,700 ha mixed-severity wildfire that burned in 2015 in southwest Oregon. We used occupancy modeling to identify patterns of landscape use by five species of forest owls: barred owls (Strix varia), great horned owls (Bubo virginianus), western screech-owls (Megascops kennicottii), northern pygmy-owls (Glaucidium californicum), and northern saw-whet owls (Aegolius acadicus). Our results showed a positive relationship between increasing fire severity and probability of use by western screech-owls and a similar but somewhat weaker relationship for northern pygmy-owls. Barred owls were rarely detected in severely burned areas and their use decreased with increased fire severity. We observed generally low landscape use for great horned owls, which decreased with increased fire severity and at higher elevations. Thus, four out of the five species appeared to use recently burned forests at different levels, with only northern saw-whet owls showing near-complete avoidance of the burned area. These findings increase our understanding of the basic ecology of each species and highlight the varied use of burned areas within this community. These previously undocumented patterns of landscape use in burned landscapes should provide insights to managers and policymakers in the Pacific Northwest as climate shifts, and fires may increase in size, frequency, and severity.

Distribution. SE California, Arizona, S Colorado, New Mexico, and perhaps S Utah and W Texas; distributional limits in NC Mexico are uncertain, considering it has been recorded only in several localities in Chihuahua and a disjunct site near Texcoco, in the Distrito Federal. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. SE California, Arizona, S Colorado, New Mexico, and perhaps S Utah and W Texas; distributional limits in NC Mexico are uncertain, considering it has been recorded only in several localities in Chihuahua and a disjunct site near Texcoco, in the Distrito Federal.

Distribution. Recorded from several localities in Myanmar (Bago Region), Thailand (Kamphaeng Phet, Loei, Ratchaburi, and Surat Thani provinces), N Laos (Phongsaly Province), and Vietnam (Son La, Nghe An, Kon Tum, Binh Phuoc, and Dong Nai provinces). in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Recorded from several localities in Myanmar (Bago Region), Thailand (Kamphaeng Phet, Loei, Ratchaburi, and Surat Thani provinces), N Laos (Phongsaly Province), and Vietnam (Son La, Nghe An, Kon Tum, Binh Phuoc, and Dong Nai provinces).

Distribution. Restricted to N Australia, including Top End region (including Melville and Bathurst Is) in Northern Territory and Cape York (including Prince ofWales I) in Queensland; there are several isolated records from E Queensland on Atherton Tableland, at Cape Hillsborough, and near Blackwater. in Vespertilionidae

Distribution. Restricted to N Australia, including Top End region (including Melville and Bathurst Is) in Northern Territory and Cape York (including Prince ofWales I) in Queensland; there are several isolated records from E Queensland on Atherton Tableland, at Cape Hillsborough, and near Blackwater.

opencc-zeroApr 2022View details →

Examples of misclassified images of papilledema severity by the Deep Learning System

The study's objective is to evaluate the performance of a deep learning system (DLS) in classifying the severity of papilledema associated with increased intracranial pressure, on standard retinal fundus photographs. A DLS was trained to automatically classify papilledema severity in 965 patients (2103 mydriatic fundus photographs), representing a multiethnic cohort of patients with confirmed elevated intracranial pressure. Training was performed on 1052 photographs with mild/moderate papilledema (MP) and 1051 photographs with severe papilledema (SP) classified by a panel of experts, and the performance of the DLS was tested in 111 patients (214 photographs, 92 with MP and 122 with SP). In this dataset, we provide illustrative examples of misclassified images by the DLS, two examples of images wrongly classified as moderate papilledema instead of severe (figure 1A and 1B), and two examples of images wrongly classified as severe papilledema instead of moderate (figure 2A and 2B). Unsurprisingly, DLS errors occurred more often in patients with moderate papilledema (Frisén 3 severity), a situation already encountered in clinical studies.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Distribution. Arctic areas of Alaska, Canada, and NE & N Greenland. Successfully introduced into W & SW Greenland, Norway, Russia, and several areas of Alaska outside their natural range. in Bovidae

Distribution. Arctic areas of Alaska, Canada, and NE & N Greenland. Successfully introduced into W & SW Greenland, Norway, Russia, and several areas of Alaska outside their natural range.

opennotspecifiedAug 2011View details →

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in the Congo Basin N and W of the range of the Zambezi Sitatunga in S Benin (Porto Novo), S Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, N DR Congo; also several isolated populations in W Africa (Senegal, Gambia & Guinea-Bissau), NE Nigeria and W Chad, and perhaps extreme S Ghana. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research. in Bovidae

Distribution. Discontinuous and limited to wetland environments in the Congo Basin N and W of the range of the Zambezi Sitatunga in S Benin (Porto Novo), S Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, N DR Congo; also several isolated populations in W Africa (Senegal, Gambia & Guinea-Bissau), NE Nigeria and W Chad, and perhaps extreme S Ghana. Maps and distributional information here are provisional pending future research.

Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability among adults living with HIV accessing routine outpatient HIV care in London, United Kingdom (UK): A cross-sectional self-report study

<div> Background The study objectives were to measure disability prevalence and severity, and examine disability risk factors, among adults living with HIV in London, United Kingdom (UK). Methods Self-reported questionnaires were administered: World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS), HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ), Equality Act disability definition (EADD), and demographic questionnaire. We calculated proportion (95% Confidence Interval; CI) of "severe" and "moderate" disability measured using EADD and WHODAS scores ≥2 respectively. We measured disability severity with HDQ domain severity scores. We used demographic questionnaire responses to assess risk factors of "severe" and "moderate" disability using logistic regression analysis, and HDQ severity domain scores using linear regression analysis. Results Of 201 participants, 176 (87.6%) identified as men, median age 47 years, and 194 (96.5%) virologically suppressed. Severe disability prevalence was 39.5% (n=79/201), 95% CI [32.5%, 46.4%]. Moderate disability prevalence was 70.5% (n=141/200), 95% CI [64.2%, 76.8%]. Uncertainty was the most severe HDQ disability domain. Late HIV diagnosis was a risk factor for severe disability [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.71; CI 1.25, 5.87]. Social determinants of health, economic inactivity [OR 2.79; CI 1.08, 7.21] and receiving benefits [OR 2.87; CI 1.05, 7.83], were risk factors for "severe" disability. Economic inactivity [OR 3.14; CI 1.00, 9.98] was a risk factor for "moderate" disability. Economic inactivity, receiving benefits, and having no fixed abode were risk factors (P≤0.05) across HDQ domains; physical, mental and emotional, difficulty with day-to-day activities, and challenges to social participation. Personal factors, identifying as a woman and being aged <50 years, were risk factors (P≤0.05) for HDQ domains; mental and emotional, uncertainty, and challenges with social participation. Conclusions People living with well-controlled HIV in London UK experienced multi-dimensional and episodic disability. Results help to better understand the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability experienced by adults living with HIV, identify areas to target interventions, and optimise health and functioning. </div>

Watershed and fire severity are stronger determinants of soil chemistry and microbiomes than within-watershed woody encroachment in a tallgrass prairie system

Fire can impact terrestrial ecosystems by changing abiotic and biotic conditions. Short fire intervals maintain grasslands and communities adapted to frequent, low-severity fires. Shrub encroachment that follows longer fire intervals accumulates fuel and can increase fire severity. This patchily distributed biomass creates mosaics of burn severities in the landscape—pyrodiversity. Afforded by a scheduled burn of a watershed protected from fires for 27 years, we investigated effects of woody encroachment and burn severity on soil chemistry and soil-inhabiting bacteria and fungi. We compared soils before and after fire within the fire-protected, shrub-encroached watershed and soils in an adjacent, annually burned and non-encroached watershed. Organic matter and nutrients accumulated in the fire-protected watershed but responded less to woody encroachment within the encroached watershed. Bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus and fungal and bacterial communities responded to high-severity burn regardless of encroachment. Low-severity fire effects on soil nutrients differed, increased bacterial but decreased fungal diversity and effects of woody encroachment within the encroached watershed were minimal. High-severity burns in the fire-protected watershed led to a novel soil system state distinct from non-encroached and encroached soil systems. We conclude that severe fires may open grassland restoration opportunities to manipulate soil chemistry and microbial communities in shrub-encroached habitats.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Effects of convective mergers on the evolution of microphysical and electrical activity in a severe squall line simulated by WRF coupled with explicit electrification scheme

These are important data supporting the conclusion of the paper are available in the main text.The STORM973 dataset including BLNET data and radar data are provided here.Some of the E-WRF outputs are also provided here. The corresponding scripts are based on NCL (version 6.6.2.).

Wildfire extends the shelf-life of elk nutritional resources regardless of fire severity

Large-scale, high severity wildfires are increasingly frequent across the western United States. Fire severity affects the amount of vegetation removed and helps dictate what, where, and how many plants regenerate postfire, potentially altering the available habitat and nutritional landscape for wildlife. To evaluate the effects of fire severity on summer nutritional resources for elk (Cervus canadensis), we collected field data and remotely sensed information in years two and three after a large-scale wildfire to compare forage quality and quantity across forest types and fire severities within the summer range of one elk population in west-central Montana. To understand the landscape level effects of fire severity on nutritional resources, we developed predictive forage quality and quantity models. We used these models to predict nutritional resources across the landscape for four scenarios representing different fire severity patterns (i.e., an unburned landscape, a landscape burned only at low severity, a landscape burned only at high severity, and the observed landscape burned at a mixed severity). Shortly after the wildfire, summer forage quality and herbaceous forage quantity increased in both mesic and dry mixed conifer forests regardless of fire severity. Summer shrub forage quantity was greater in unburned mesic and dry forests, and there was no difference between fire severities in dry forests. Low severity burned mesic forests had significantly greater shrub forage quantity compared to high severity burned mesic forests. The three predicted fire scenarios had the highest percentage of the summer range with adequate forage quality which increased throughout the summer. In contrast, the predicted unburned landscape had the lowest percentage of adequate forage quality which decreased throughout the summer. Wildfire extended the duration in which elk can access high quality forage in the summer in years two and three postfire. Therefore, shortly after a large-scale wildfire, elk may be better able to meet their nutritional requirements which may positively impact elk body condition, reproductive performance, and survival.

The mortality risk factor of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) patients with Sepsis: a retrospective study

Objectives: Sepsis is one of the most common comorbidities in severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) patients. We aimed to investigate the characteristics and mortality risk factors of SCAP patients hospitalized with Sepsis. Design: A retrospective, single-centre study. Setting: This study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Southern China. Participants: A total of 119 patients with SCAP, aged 17 years or older, were treated in the Integrated intensive care unit from 1 January 2018 to 30 December 2020. Interventions: none. Outcome: 180-day mortality was the primary outcome. Results: 119 patients were divided into the survivors (83 patients,69.75%), and the non-survivors (36 patients,30.25%). There are more pronounced inflammatory responses and respiratory problems at the beginning of the disease in non-survivors, requiring stronger respiratory and circulatory support. The CURB-65 score was a better predictor of mortality than the PSI and APACHE2 scores, AUCs of CURB-65: OR 0.744, p<0.005. For the entire treatment cycle, the non-survivors had a longer duration of persistent fever, required continuous and repeated airway intervention, and a longer duration of Vasopressor support (P<0.001). SCAP with bacterial infection as the onset, or secondary bacterial infection had a poor prognosis (P=0.018). The non-survivors had more use of different types of antimicrobials (P<0.05), because of Multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. And have faced more antifungal treatment failures (P=0.006). The mortality risk factors were comorbid with a duration of Vasopressors support, duration of persistent fever, age, numbers of antimicrobials for MDR organisms, CURB-65 score and duration of Neuromuscular Blocking Agents (NMBAs) (OR=1.234, OR=1.158, OR=1.084, OR=6.484, OR=3.386, OR=1.505, p<0.005, respectively). Conclusion: Dynamic monitoring of the duration of patients' abnormal indicators can help predict the prognosis. Age≥65.5 years, fever duration ≥9.5 days, number of antimicrobials for MDR organisms ≥2 types, longer NMBAs and Vasopressors use, and higher CURB-65 score were mortality risk factors in SCAP-Sepsis patients.

Distribution. Known from several isolated localities in S Guinea (Simandou Range), SW Ivory Coast, S Ghana, C Cameroon, NW & NE DR Congo, and SW Kenya. in Molossidae

Distribution. Known from several isolated localities in S Guinea (Simandou Range), SW Ivory Coast, S Ghana, C Cameroon, NW & NE DR Congo, and SW Kenya.

opennotspecifiedNov 2017View details →

Distribution. Asian Turkey, SW Georgia, NW Armenia, extreme NW Iran, and several E Aegean Is (Lesbos in Greece and Bozcaada and Gokceada in Turkey). in Spalacidae

Distribution. Asian Turkey, SW Georgia, NW Armenia, extreme NW Iran, and several E Aegean Is (Lesbos in Greece and Bozcaada and Gokceada in Turkey).

opennotspecifiedJun 2015View details →

Distribution. Australia, Alexandria Station and the Sir Edward Pellew Group Is (Northern Territory) and several localities near Mt Isa (Queensland). in Dasyuridae

Distribution. Australia, Alexandria Station and the Sir Edward Pellew Group Is (Northern Territory) and several localities near Mt Isa (Queensland).

opennotspecifiedJun 2015View details →

Distribution. SW Western Australia (Dryandra Woodland and Perup Nature Reserve); reintroduced into several sites in SW Western Australia, SE South Australia, and W New South Wales. in Myrmecobiidae

Distribution. SW Western Australia (Dryandra Woodland and Perup Nature Reserve); reintroduced into several sites in SW Western Australia, SE South Australia, and W New South Wales.

opennotspecifiedJul 2016View details →

Distribution. Main range from SE Altai and Tuva (S Russia), through Mongolian Great Lakes Depression, to Gobi Altai in W & S Mongolia, but also several enclaves located in E Mongolia, S Mongolia (Trans-Altai Gobi) and N China (Dzungarian and Southern Gobi in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia=Nei Mongol). in Ochotonidae

Distribution. Main range from SE Altai and Tuva (S Russia), through Mongolian Great Lakes Depression, to Gobi Altai in W & S Mongolia, but also several enclaves located in E Mongolia, S Mongolia (Trans-Altai Gobi) and N China (Dzungarian and Southern Gobi in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia=Nei Mongol).

opennotspecifiedMar 2013View details →

Distribution. NW Madagascar, confined to the Lokobe region on Nosy Be. This may or may not be the species that occurred on the island of Nosy Komba as well, but in any case sportive lemurs have not been observed there for several years; in 2007, D. Zinner and coworkers found that some specimens from the mainland had identical mtDNA to that of the type specimen of the Nosy Be Sportive Lemur. in Lepilemuridae

Distribution. NW Madagascar, confined to the Lokobe region on Nosy Be. This may or may not be the species that occurred on the island of Nosy Komba as well, but in any case sportive lemurs have not been observed there for several years; in 2007, D. Zinner and coworkers found that some specimens from the mainland had identical mtDNA to that of the type specimen of the Nosy Be Sportive Lemur.