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9,937 results for “Endemicity”
FIGURE 7. Labeo manasseeae, n in Description of two new Labeo (Labeoninae; Cyprinidae) endemic to the Lulua River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Kasai ecoregion); a hotspot of fish diversity in the Congo basin
FIGURE 7. Labeo manasseeae, n. sp. Holotype (AMNH 269110, AMCC 249240): A. immediately postmortem; B. in preservation, lateral view; C. ventral view; and D. dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 cm
FIGURE 3 in Description of two new Labeo (Labeoninae; Cyprinidae) endemic to the Lulua River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Kasai ecoregion); a hotspot of fish diversity in the Congo basin
FIGURE 3. Simplified phylogram of subclade K modified after Liyandja et al. (2022) showing placement of L. mbimbii, n. sp., and L. manasseeae, n. sp. (in bold).
FIGURE 9. A in Description of two new Labeo (Labeoninae; Cyprinidae) endemic to the Lulua River in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Kasai ecoregion); a hotspot of fish diversity in the Congo basin
FIGURE 9. A. Labeo luluae, holotype (ANSP 51740). B. Labeo lugubris, holotype (AMNH 12334). Scale bars = 1 cm.
Dietary and niche analyses of four endemic and sympatric batoid species of the subtropical South Atlantic Ocean
<p><span>We aimed to characterize the trophic ecology and test the hypothesis of niche overlap between four endemic and sympatric batoid species of the subtropical South Atlantic. Data were collected between 2017 and 2022 from two artisanal fishery communities in southern Brazil. Batoid stomach contents were identified, separated into categories, and weighed. We calculated the Levins, Pianka's, and relative dietary importance index (IRI), and performed a similarity test using PERMANOVA and the similarity percentage (SIMPER) for niche analysis. We analyzed 229 stomachs of four batoid species, 187 containing food. All species showed a narrow food niche. The most important diet items for each species were: <em>Leptochaela</em> <em>serratorbita</em> and Onuphidae for <em>Dasyatis</em> <em>hypostigma</em>; Nematoda for <em>Pseudobatos</em> <em>horkelii</em>; <em>L</em>. <em>serratorbita</em> and <em>Sicyonia</em> <em>dorsalis</em> for <em>Rioraja</em> <em>agassizii</em>; and <em>Achelous</em> <em>spinicarpus</em> for <em>Sympterygia</em> <em>bonapartii</em>. The analyses showed (statistically significant) dissimilarity among the species' diets without significant niche overlap. This study provides ecology-feeding information for four batoid species with specialized diets composed of benthic prey species. Our results detected the absence of significant niche overlap among batoid species, suggesting other types of niche partitioning and spatiotemporal habitat variation. This information could be considered for local management plans.</span></p>
Data from: An island endemic born out of hybridization between introduced lineages
<p>Humans have profoundly impacted the distribution of plant and animal species over thousands of years. The most direct example of these effects is human-mediated movement of individuals, either through translocation of individuals within their range or the introduction of species to new habitats. While human involvement may be suspected in species with obvious range disjunctions, it can be difficult to detect natural versus human-mediated dispersal events for populations at the edge of a species' range, and this uncertainty muddles how we understand the evolutionary history of populations and broad biogeographic patterns. Studies combining genetic data with archeological, linguistic, and historical evidence have confirmed prehistoric examples of human-mediated dispersal; however, it is unclear whether these methods can disentangle recent dispersal events, such as species translocated by European colonizers during the past 500 years. We use genomic DNA from historical specimens and historical records to evaluate three hypotheses regarding the timing and origin of Northern Bobwhites (<em>Colinus virginianus</em>) in Cuba, whose status as an endemic or introduced population has long been debated. We discovered that bobwhites from southern Mexico arrived in Cuba between the 12th and 16th centuries, followed by the subsequent introduction of bobwhites from the southeastern USA to Cuba between the 18th and 20th centuries. These dates suggest the introduction of bobwhites to Cuba was human-mediated and concomitant with Spanish colonial shipping routes between Veracruz, Mexico and Havana, Cuba during this period. Our results identify endemic Cuban bobwhites as a genetically distinct population born of hybridization between divergent introduced lineages.</p>
Fig. 1 in Casearia razakamalalae (Salicaceae), a new species endemic to southeastern Madagascar
Fig. 1. – Casearia razakamalalae Philpott & Appleq. A. Flowering branch; B. Flower post-anthesis in early fruit development; C. Detail of abaxial leaf surface with conspicuous reticulated higher-order venation; D. Inflorescence.
Fig. 2 in Casearia razakamalalae (Salicaceae), a new species endemic to southeastern Madagascar
Fig. 2. – Casearia razakamalalae Philpott & Appleq.: A. Adaxial leaf surface; B. Abaxial leaf surface. Casearia lucida Tul.: C. Adaxial leaf surface; D. Abaxial leaf surface.
Fig. 6 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 6. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., holotype male (KUZ Z4329), left posterior gonopod. A, B, Anterior view; C, D, posterior view. Abbreviations: pe, prefemoral endite; tep, telopodite of posterior gonopod.
Fig. 5 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 5. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., holotype male (KUZ Z4329), anterior gonopods. A, B, Anterior view; C, D, posterior view. Abbreviations: co, coxa of anterior gonopod; mp, mesal sternal process; tea, telopodite of anterior gonopod.
Fig. 2 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 2. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., paratype male (KUZ Z4328; A, C), paratype female (KUZ Z4332; B), and holotype male (KUZ Z4329; D, E). A, Head, frontal view; B, right mandible, mesal view; C, gnathochilarium, ventral view; D, right antenna, sub-mesal view; E, antennomeres V–VII of left antenna, sub-mesal view.
Fig. 1 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 1. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., an individual from near the Mariudo Waterfall, Iriomote Island (A), and holotype male (KUZ Z4329; B–D). A, In situ habitus (photograph taken by N. Sawada); B, dorsal view; C, lateral view; D, ventral view.
Fig. 8 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 8. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., paratype female (KUZ Z4332), left cyphopod. A, Anterior view; B, lateral view; C, posterior view, dashed lines indicate the lateral margins of serrations. Abbreviations: av, anterior valve; lf, lateral flange; pv, posterior valve.
Fig. 3 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 3. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., paratype female (KUZ Z4332). A, Antennomere V of left antenna, latero-apical view, showing sensilla basiconica bacilliformia; B, antennomere VI of left antenna, latero-apical view, showing sensilla basiconica bacilliformia.
Fig. 7 in Taxonomic Assessment of a Threatened Large Millipede Endemic to the Southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan: a New Species of Spirobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Spirobolidae) from the Yaeyama Islands
Fig. 7. Spirobolus akamma sp. nov., holotype male (KUZ Z4329), apical part of right posterior gonopod, anterior view. Abbreviations: pe, prefemoral endite; tep, telopodite of posterior gonopod.
Fig. 8 in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 8. Overview of phylogenetic relationships and molecular and morphological differentiation of C. ama sp. nov. and C. aravera sp. nov. and its parallel species pair (C. ypo Casciotta, Almirón, Piálek, Gómez & Říčan, 2010 and C. yjhui Piálek, Casciotta, Almirón & Říčan, 2019). A. Summary of phylogenetic relationships within the C. mandelburgeri species complex with a nDNA ddRAD SVDQ species tree analysis as main topology focusing on the parallel species pairs in the Piray Guazú (the two new species) and Urugua-í River basins. Species tree is based on 60% SNP-representation matrix using fixed (= homozygotic sites). Red and blue basal branches and nodes in the species tree topology show biogeography (Red: Iguazú, Blue: Middle Paraná). Numbers in parentheses are total numbers of analyzed individuals (in nDNA/ in mtDNA). Numbers at nodes show bootstrap support values. Species colours as in Fig. 5. Blue arrows show nDNA introgression from C. mandelburgeri into C. aravera and C. yjhui. Modified from Říčan et al. (2021b). B. Alternative topology to the right of the tree represents mtDNA relationships of species in the two focal species pairs. Only C. ypo does not have a mitonuclear phylogenetic conflict. Modified from Říčan et al. (2021b). C. Inference of population structure based on the Admixture analysis for the two focal species pairs. Note majority assignment of C. yjhui and C. aravera with C. ypo and C. ama and partial assignment to C. mandelburgeri sensu lato at K10 to K13, and complete separation of all species at K14. Modified from Říčan et al. (2021b). D. Morphometric variation and discrimination of the two species pairs of sympatric species from the Piray Guazú (C. ama, C. aravera) and Urugua-í (C. ypo, C. yjhui) River basins analyzed by PCA based on holotype and paratype specimens ≥ 70 mm SL. Morphological measurements followed Kullander's (1986) methodology for Crenicichla Heckel, 1840 and were used as proportional values in % of SL. Note complete separation of species between ecomorphs (sympatric) and partial separation within ecomorphs (allopatric). Modified from Říčan et al. (2021b).
Fig. 7 in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 7. Paratype locality of C. ama sp. nov., tributary to upper arroyo Piray Guazú on RP16 23 km from San Pedro (26°35′45.90″ S, 54°16′59.96″ W), 26 November 2016. Crenicichla aravera sp. nov. is absent at this locality.
Fig. 4 in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 4. Lower pharyngeal tooth plate in occlusal view. A. Crenicichla ama sp. nov., paratype (MLP 11182, 94.5 mm). B. Crenicichla aravera sp. nov., paratype (MLP 11452, 93.7 mm). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 6 in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 6. Type locality of C. ama sp. nov. and C. aravera sp. nov., upper arroyo Piray Guazú on RP20 (26°26′34.1″ S, 54°08′29.4″ W), 18 February 2012.
Fig. 5. A in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 5. A.Topographic map of the Middle Paraná Basin. B. Satellite map of the Piray Guazú Basin showing distribution of the sympatric C. ama sp. nov. (dark green) and C. aravera sp. nov. (light green), and also of other species in the Iguazú (red) and the Middle Paraná (C. ypo Casciotta, Almirón, Piálek, Gómez & Říčan, 2010: dark orange; C. yjhui: orange; C. hu: yellow; C. mandelburgeri sensu lato: blue, C. gillmorlisi: grey; C. taikyra: pink). Large and small dots in the Piray Guazú Basin show localities where the species is common or rare, respectively. Dark blue and light blue dots show the northern and southern mtDNA clades of C. mandelburgeri, respectively. White bars show location of significant waterfalls. White dot (marked with X in B) shows an upstream locality in the Piray Guazú where both C. ama and C. aravera are absent. Locality 1 (in B, marked with a star) is the type locality of both new species. Localities 2 and 3 (in B) are paratype localities of the two new species. Inset in A shows the parallel species pairs in the Piray Guazú and Urugua-í basins.
Fig. 2 in Description of two new species forming a sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) endemic to the Piray Guazú River in the Paraná River Basin, Misiones, Argentina and belonging to the C. mandelburgeri species complex
Fig. 2. Crenicichla ama sp. nov., live specimens. A–B. Male paratypes. C–E. Female paratypes. A. MLP 11448, tributary to upper arroyo Piray Guazú on RP16 23 km from San Pedro, 26°35′45.90″ S, 54°16′59.96″ W, November 26 2016. B. MLP 11182, 94.5 mm. C–D. MLP 11180. E. MLP 11448, tributary to upper arroyo Piray Guazú on RP16 23 km from San Pedro, 26°35′45.90″ S, 54°16′59.96″ W, November 26 2016).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.