Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2015View details →

Figure 2 in Temporal patterns of the calanoid copepod community in Veliko Jezero, an isolated marine lake (South Adriatic Sea): links to a larger-scale climate changes

Figure 2. Seasonal and inter-annual patterns of hydrographic parameters (temperature and salinity) over the study period.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2020View details →

Data supporting Thomas & Ratterman 2020 "Ozone depletion-induced climate change following a 50 pc supernova?"

This data supports publication Thomas & Ratterman 2020 "Ozone depletion-induced climate change following a 50 pc supernova?" The paper can be found as a pre-print: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.15079 Journal reference: "Ozone depletion-induced climate change following a 50 pc supernova", Brian C. Thomas and Cody L. Ratterman, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 043076 – Published 14 October 2020, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043076 (https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.043076) Data included here are selected (post-processed) output from the PlaSim climate model, in netCDF format.  Full raw data may be obtained upon request of the first author (Brian Thomas brian.thomas@washburn.edu).

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2020View details →

Dataset for 'Lake heatwaves under climate change' manuscript

Data and code for analysis of 'Lake heatwaves under climate change' manuscript.

opencc-zeroMar 2021View details →

Data from: Climate change-induced migration patterns and extinction risks of Theaceae species in China

Theaceae, an economically important angiosperm family, is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical forests in Asia. In China, Theaceae has particularly high abundances and endemism, comprising ~75% of the total genera and ~46% of the total species worldwide. Therefore, predicting the response of Theaceae species to climate change is vital. In this study, we collected distribution data for 200 wild Theaceae species in China, and predicted their distribution patterns under current and future climactic conditions by species distribution modeling (SDM). We revealed that Theaceae species richness is highest in southeastern China and on Hainan Island, reaching its highest value (137 species) in Fujian Province. According to the IUCN Red List criteria for assessing species threat levels under two dispersal assumptions (no dispersal and full dispersal), we evaluated the conservation status of all Theaceae species by calculating loss of suitable habitat under future climate scenarios. We predicted that nine additional species will become threatened due to climate change in the future; one species will be classified as critically endangered (CR), two as endangered (EN), and six as vulnerable (VU). Given their extinction risks associated with climate change, we recommended that these species be added to the Red List. Our investigation of migration patterns revealed regional differences in the number of emigrant, immigrant, and persistent species, indicating the need for targeted conservation strategies. Importantly, regions with high species turnover are located on the northern border of the entire Theaceae species distribution ranges owing to upwards migration; these regions are considered most sensitive to climate change and conservation planning should therefore be prioritized here. This study will contribute valuable information for reducing the negative impacts of climate change on Theaceae species, which will ultimately improve biodiversity conservation efficiency

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

Combined effects of global climate change and nutrient enrichment on the physiology of three temperate maerl species

Made up of calcareous coralline algae, maerl beds play a major role as ecosystem engineers in coastal areas throughout the world. They undergo strong anthropogenic pressures, which may threaten their survival. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the future of maerl beds in the context of global and local changes. We examined the effects of rising temperatures (+3ºC) and ocean acidification (-0.3 pH units) according to temperature and pH projections (i.e. the RCP8.5 scenario), and nutrient (N and P) availability on three temperate maerl species (Lithothamnion corallioides, Phymatolithon calcareum, Lithophyllum incrustans) in the laboratory in winter and summer conditions. Physiological rates of primary production, respiration and calcification were measured on all three species in each treatment and season. The physiological response of maerl to global climate change was species-specific and influenced by seawater nutrient concentrations. Future temperature-pH scenario enhanced maximal gross primary production rates in P. calcareum in winter and in L. corallioides in both seasons. Nevertheless, both species suffered an impairment of light harvesting and photo-protective mechanisms in winter. Calcification rates at ambient light intensity were negatively affected by the future temperature-pH scenario in winter, with net dissolution observed in the dark in L. corallioidesand P. calcareumunder low nutrient concentrations. Nutrient enrichment avoided dissolution under future scenarios in winter and had a positive effect on L. incrustanscalcification rate in the dark in summer. In winter conditions maximal calcification rates were enhanced by the future temperature-pH scenario on the three species, but P. calcareum suffered inhibition at high irradiances. In summer conditions, the maximal calcification rate dropped in L. corallioides under the future global climate change scenario, with a potential negative impact on CaCO3budget for maerl beds in the Bay of Brest where this species is dominant. Our results highlight how local changes in nutrient availability or irradiance levels impact the response of maerl species to global climate change and thus point out how it is important to consider other abiotic parameters in order to develop management policies capable to increase the resilience of maerl beds under the future global climate change scenario.

opencc-zeroOct 2020View details →

Responses of four dominant dryland plant species to climate change in the Junggar Basin, north-west China

Aim Dryland ecosystems are exceedingly sensitive to climate change. Desertification induced by both climate changes and human activities seriously threatens the dryland vegetation. However, the impact of climate change on distributions of dryland plant species has not been well documented. Here, we studied the potential distributions of four representative dryland plant species (Haloxylon ammodendron, Anabasis aphylla, Calligonum mongolicum, and Populus euphratica) under current and future climate scenarios in a temperate desert region, aiming to improve our understanding of the responses of dryland plant species to climate change and provide guidance for dryland conservation and afforestation. Location Junggar Basin, a large desert region in north-western China. Methods Occurrence data of the studied species were collected from an extensive field investigation of 2516 sampling sites in the Junggar Basin. Ensemble species distribution models using 10 algorithms were developed and used to predict the potential distribution of each studied species under current and future climate scenarios. Result H. ammodendron and A. aphylla were likely to lose most of their current suitable habitats under future climate scenarios, while C. mongolicum and P. euphratica were likely to expand their ranges or remain relatively stationary. Variable importance evaluation showed that the most important climate variables influencing species distributions differed across the studied species. These results may be explained by the different ecophysiological characteristics and adaptation strategies to the environment of the four studied species. Main conclusions We explored the responses of the representative dryland plant species to climate change in the Junggar Basin in north-western China. The different changes in suitability of different species imply that policymakers may need to reconsider the selection and combination of the afforestation species used in this area. This study can provide valuable reference for the management and conservation of dryland ecosystems under future climate change scenarios.

opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

Data from: Urbanization-driven climate change increases invertebrate lipid demand, relative to protein—a response to dehydration

1. Climatic change alters not only animal energy balance, but also water balance, but this latter topic has received less attention. Water can be obtained through consumption of moist food and metabolism of dry food. The breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins can produce metabolic water. Metabolism of lipids produces large amounts of water, whereas excretion of nitrogenous waste related to protein metabolism requires water losses. 2. Here we tested the hypothesis that climatic shifts associated with urbanization influences animal lipid demand relative to protein, due to shifts in water balance. 3. We placed artificial diets high in lipid or protein, and either with or without supplemented water, at 16 pairs of sites along an urbanization gradient in Toledo, OH, USA. 4. Lipid consumption, relative to protein, increased with urbanization and mean temperature, but water supplementation reduced the magnitude of this association. Ants were ~50% of the observed consumers. 5. These results suggest that shifts in nutritional demand with climatic change are partially predictable from physiological first principles related to water balance and nutrient metabolism. Because ants and other arthropods play key roles in many food webs and ecosystems, increased demand for lipids with urbanization or climate change could have major consequences for ecosystem services (e.g. urban waste removal, seed predation). Overall, our results suggest that warming related to urbanization increases animal demand for lipids, in part to maintain water balance, and this could have important implications for both animal health and ecosystem services.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Mating under climate change: impact of simulated heatwaves on the reproduction of model pollinators (Dataset)

<ol> <li>Climate change is related to an increase in frequency and intensity of extreme events such as heatwaves. It is well established that such events may worsen the current worldwide biodiversity decline. In many organisms, heat stress is associated with direct physiological perturbations and could lead to a decrease of fitness. In contrast to endotherms, heat stress resistance has been poorly investigated in heterotherms; especially in insects, in which the internal physiological mechanisms available to regulate body temperature are almost negligible making them sensitive to extreme temperature variations.</li> <li>Wild bees are crucial pollinators for wild plants and crops. Among them, bumblebees are experiencing a strong decline across the world. Therefore, the ongoing global decline of these insect pollinators partly due to climate change could cause major economic issues.</li> <li>Here, we assess how simulated heatwaves impact fertility and attractiveness (key parameters of sustainability) of bumblebee males. We used three model species: Bombus terrestris, a widespread and warm-adapted species, B. magnus and B. jonellus, two declining and cold-adapted species.</li> <li>We highlight that heat shock (40°C) negatively affects sperm viability and sperm DNA integrity only in the two cold-adapted species. Heat shock can also impact the structure of cephalic labial glands and the production of pheromones only in the declining species.</li> <li>The specific disruption in key reproductive traits we identify following simulated heatwave conditions could provide one important mechanistic explanation for why some pollinators are in decline through climate change.</li> </ol>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →

Dataset on survey of perspectives on afforestation and reforestation strategies in Central Europe under climate change

The dataset presents responses collected through structured questionnaires from the six central European countries: Austria (AT), Germany (DE), Czechia (CZ), Hungary (HU), Poland (PL), and Slovakia (SK).  The questionnaires  were designed, one for each of the three groups of respondents namely forest managers (FM), conservation managers (CM), and nursery managers (NM). This online survey was conducted for four months  from May 2017-August 2017Forest Managers as those working for the preservation and protection of forests and woodlands. They are responsible for the management of areas used for timber production, public recreation, and natural preservation. The Conservation Managers are considered as those managing the national parks and protected areas. Here, nursery managers are those who manage forest nurseries.  The dataset is presented in a spreadsheet with questions and the responses of each group.

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

Ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity predicted to substantially decline due to climate changes in North American Pinaceae forests.

AIM: Ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) are partners in a globally distributed tree symbiosis implicated in most major ecosystem functions. However, resilience of ECMF to future climates is uncertain. We forecast these changes over the extent of North American Pinaceae forests. LOCATION: 68 sites from North American Pinaceae forests ranging from Florida to Ontario in the east and southern California to Alaska in the west. TAXON: Ectomycorrhizal fungi (Asco- and Basidiomycetes). METHODS: We characterized ECMF communities at each site using molecular methods and modeled climatic drivers of diversity and community composition with general additive, generalized dissimilarity models, and Taxonomic Indicator Threshold Analysis (TITAN). Next, we projected our models across the extent of North American Pinaceae forests and forecast ECMF responses to climate changes in these forests over the next 50 years. RESULTS: We predict median declines in ECMF species richness as high as 26% in Pinaceae forests throughout a climate zone comprising more than 3.5 million square kilometers of North America (an area twice that of Alaska state). Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions can reduce these declines, but not prevent them. The existence of multiple diversity optima along climate gradients suggest regionally divergent trajectories for North American ECMF, which is corroborated by corresponding ECMF community thresholds identified in TITAN models. Warming of forests along the boreal-temperate ecotone results in projected ECMF species loss and declines in the relative abundance of long-distance foraging ECMF species, whereas warming of eastern temperate forests has the opposite effect. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal potentially unavoidable ECMF species-losses over the next 50 years, which is likely to have profound (if yet unclear) effects of ECMF associated biogeochemical cycles.

Pollution control can help mitigate future climate change impacts on European grayling in the UK

Aim We compare the performance of habitat suitability models using climate data only or climate data together with water chemistry, land cover and predation pressure data to model the distribution of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus). From these models, we (1) investigate the relationship between habitat suitability and genetic diversity; (2) project the distribution of grayling under future climate change and (3) model the effects of habitat mitigation on future distributions. Location United Kingdom Methods Maxent species distribution modelling was implemented using a Simple model (only climate parameters) or a Full model (climate, water chemistry, land-use and predation pressure parameters). Areas of high and low habitat suitability were designated. Associations between habitat suitability and genetic diversity for both neutral and adaptive markers were examined. Distribution under minimal and maximal future climate change scenarios was modelled for 2050, incorporating projections of future flow scenarios obtained from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology. To examine potential mitigation effects within habitats, models were run with manipulation of orthophosphate, nitrite and copper concentrations. Results We mapped suitable habitat for grayling in the present and the future. The full model achieved substantially higher discriminative power than the Simple model. For low suitability habitat, higher levels of inbreeding were observed for adaptive, but not neutral loci. Future projections predict a significant contraction of highly suitable areas. Under habitat mitigation, modelling suggests that recovery of suitable habitat of up to 10% is possible. Main conclusions Extending the climate-only model improves estimates of habitat suitability. Significantly higher inbreeding coefficients were found at immune genes, but not neutral markers in low suitability habitat indicating a possible impact of environmental stress on evolutionary potential. The potential for habitat mitigation to alleviate distributional changes under future climate change is demonstrated and specific recommendations are made for habitat recovery on a regional basis.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

The LGM and the Last Deglaciation lake expansion and its corresponding cold/wet climate change mode in the northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

SGH sediment dataset,  Simulations of TRACE and PMIP3.

Hull fouling marine invasive species pose a very low, but plausible, risk of introduction to East Antarctica in climate change scenarios

Aims: To identify potential hull fouling marine invasive species that could survive in East Antarctica presently and in the future. Location: Australia's Antarctic continental stations: Davis, Mawson and Casey, East Antarctica; and subantarctic islands: Macquarie Island and Heard and McDonald Islands. Methods: Our study uses a novel machine-learning algorithm to predict which currently known hull fouling MIS could survive in shallow benthic ecosystems adjacent to Australian Antarctic research stations and subantarctic islands, where ship traffic is present. We used gradient boosted machine learning (XGBoost) with four important environmental variables (sea surface temperature, salinity, nitrate and pH) to develop models of suitable environments for each potentially invasive species. We then used these models to determine if any Australia's three Antarctic research stations and two subantarctic islands could be environmentally suitable for MIS now and under two future climate scenarios. Results: Most of the species were predicted to be unable to survive at any locations between now and the end of the century, however, four species were identified as potential current threats, and five as threats under future climate change. Asterias amurensis was identified as a potential threat to all locations. Main conclusions: This study suggests that the risk are very low, but plausible, that known hull fouling species could survive in the shallow benthic habitats near Australia's East Antarctica locations and suggest a precautionary approach is needed by way of surveillance and monitoring in this region, particularly if propagule pressure increases. Whilst some species could survive as adults in the region, their ability to reach these locations and undergo successful reproduction is considered unlikely based on current knowledge.

Supplementary material 3 from: Manjarrés-Hernández A, Guisande C, García-Roselló E, Heine J, Pelayo-Villamil P, Pérez-Costas E, González-Vilas L, González-Dacosta J, R. Duque S, Granado-Lorencio C, Lobo JM (2021) Predicting the effects of climate change on future freshwater fish diversity at global scale. Nature Conservation 43: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.43.58997

Appendix 2

Supplementary material 4 from: Manjarrés-Hernández A, Guisande C, García-Roselló E, Heine J, Pelayo-Villamil P, Pérez-Costas E, González-Vilas L, González-Dacosta J, R. Duque S, Granado-Lorencio C, Lobo JM (2021) Predicting the effects of climate change on future freshwater fish diversity at global scale. Nature Conservation 43: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.43.58997

Appendix 3

Supplementary material 1 from: Manjarrés-Hernández A, Guisande C, García-Roselló E, Heine J, Pelayo-Villamil P, Pérez-Costas E, González-Vilas L, González-Dacosta J, R. Duque S, Granado-Lorencio C, Lobo JM (2021) Predicting the effects of climate change on future freshwater fish diversity at global scale. Nature Conservation 43: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.43.58997

Appendix 1

Supplementary material 2 from: Manjarrés-Hernández A, Guisande C, García-Roselló E, Heine J, Pelayo-Villamil P, Pérez-Costas E, González-Vilas L, González-Dacosta J, R. Duque S, Granado-Lorencio C, Lobo JM (2021) Predicting the effects of climate change on future freshwater fish diversity at global scale. Nature Conservation 43: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.43.58997

Table S1

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Future climate change is predicted to affect the microbiome and condition of habitat-forming kelp

Climate change is driving global declines of marine habitat-forming species through physiological effects and through changes to ecological interactions, with projected trajectories for oceanwarming and acidification likely to exacerbate such impacts in coming decades. Interactions between habitat-formers and their microbiomes are fundamental for host functioning and resilience, but how such relationships will change in future conditions is largely unknown. We investigated independent and interactive effects of warming and acidification on a large brown seaweed, the kelp Ecklonia radiata, and its associated microbiome in experimental mesocosms. Microbial communities were affected by warming and, during the first week, by acidification. During the second week, kelp developed disease-like symptoms previously observed in the field. The tissue of some kelp blistered, bleached and eventually degraded, particularly under the acidification treatments, affecting photosynthetic efficiency. Microbial communities differed between blistered and healthy kelp for all treatments, except for those under future conditions of warming and acidification, which after two weeks resembled assemblages associated with healthy hosts. This indicates that changes in the microbiome were not easily predictable as the severity of future climate scenarios increased. Future ocean conditions can change kelp microbiomes and may lead to host disease, with potentially cascading impacts on associated ecosystems.

opencc-zeroDec 2015View details →

Data from: Climate and atmospheric change impacts on sap-feeding herbivores: a mechanistic explanation based on functional groups of primary metabolites

Global climate and atmospheric change are widely predicted to affect many ecosystems. Herbivorous insects account for 25% of the planet's species so their responses to environmental change are pivotal to how future ecosystems will function. Atmospheric change affects feeding guilds differently, however, with sap-feeding herbivores consistently identified as net beneficiaries of predicted increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (eCO2). The mechanistic basis for these effects remains largely unknown, and our understanding about how multiple environmental changes, acting in tandem, shape plant–insect interactions is incomplete. This study investigated how increases in temperature (eT) and eCO2 affected the performance of the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) via changes in amino acid concentrations in the model legume, lucerne (Medicago sativa). Aphid performance increased under eCO2 at ambient temperatures, whereby aphid fecundity, longevity, colonization success and rm increased by 42%, 30%, 25% and 21%, respectively. eT negated the positive effects of eCO2 on both fecundity and rm, however, and performance was similar to when aphids were reared at ambient CO2. We identified discrete functional groups of amino acids that underpinned the effects of climate and atmospheric change, in addition to plant genotype, on aphid performance. Effects of eT and eCO2 held true across five M. sativa genotypes, demonstrating the generality of their effects. Combining this knowledge with amino acid profiles of existing cultivars raises the possibility of predicting future susceptibility to aphids and preventing outbreaks of a global pest. Moreover, environmentally induced changes in the nutritional ecology of aphids have the capacity to change life-history strategies of aphids and their direct and indirect interactions with many other organisms, including mutualists and antagonists.