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34 results for “Abduction”
Effect of hip abduction assistance on metabolic cost and balance during human walking
<p>The use of wearable robots to provide walking assistance has rapidly grown over the last decade, with significant advances made in robot design and control methods toward reducing physical effort while performing an activity. The reduction in the walking effort has mainly been achieved by assisting forward progression in the sagittal plane. Human gait, however, is a complex movement that combines motions in three planes, not only the sagittal but also the transverse and frontal planes. In the frontal plane, the hip joint plays a key role in gait, including balance. However, wearable robots targeting this motion have rarely been investigated. In this study, we developed a hip abduction assistance wearable robot by formulating the hypothesis that assistance that mimics the biological hip abduction moment or power could reduce the metabolic cost of walking and affect the dynamic balance. We found that hip abduction assistance with a biological moment second peak mimic profile reduced the metabolic cost of walking by 11.6% compared to the normal walking condition (p=0.009). The assistance also influenced balance-related parameters, including the margin of stability. Hip abduction assistance influenced the center-of-mass movement in the mediolateral direction. When the robot assistance was applied as the center of mass moved toward the opposite leg, the assistance replaced some of the efforts that would have otherwise been provided by a human. This indicates that hip abduction assistance can reduce physical effort during human walking while influencing balance.</p>
Effect of hip abduction assistance on metabolic cost and balance during human walking
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Novel Dynamic Foot Abduction Bar for Treatment of Clubfoot
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05293743. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 13.
FIGURE 12. A in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 12. A schematic representation of the relations between the abductive inference of an explanatory hypothesis from known effects, and the deductively derived effects required as potential tests of that hypothesis. What is especially important to note is that predicted effects must be of a different class from the effects that originally prompted inference of the hypothesis that accounts for those effects.
FIGURE 9 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 9. The formal structure of the abductive inference of a phylogenetic hypothesis, showing the relations between homologues, homogeny, and homoplasy. Note that a data matrix not only summarizes observations of homologues, but also implies the causal questions that prompt the inference of the past causal conditions that account for those observations. The causal accountings are typically only summarized in the graphic form of a cladogram.
FIGURE 8 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 8. Relations between homologues, phylogenetic inference, 'homogeny,' and 'homoplasy' (sensu Lankester 1870), required to properly meet the requirement of total evidence (RTE) (adapted from Fitzhugh in press a).
FIGURE 5 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 5. Schematic representation of relations between abductive, deductive, and inductive inferences. See text for discussion.
FIGURE 2 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 2. Relationships between middle term (M), subject (S), and predicate (P) in deduction. A. The solid lines show relations established in the premises between the middle term relative to the subject and predicate. The dashed line indicates the connections in the conclusion. B. Euler diagram. Note that for deduction there is complete internesting of subject, middle term, and predicate.
FIGURE 7 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 7. An interpretation of the traditional relations between homologues, the inference of homogeny ('homology') hypotheses, and the inference of phylogenetic hypotheses, and the point at which the requirement of total evidence (RTE) has been considered to function. Notice that the inference of a homogeny hypothesis, as a causal explanation of a homologue hypothesis, employs the same causal theory used in phylogenetic inference (adapted from Fitzhugh in press a).
FIGURE 1 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 1. Relations of deduction, induction, and abduction (modified from Peirce 1878: 472, 1932: 623).
FIGURE 4 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 4. Relationships between middle term (M), subject (S), and predicate (P) in abduction. A. The solid lines show relations established in the premises between the predicate relative to the middle term and subject. The dashed line indicates the connections in the conclusion. B. Euler diagram. Note that in abduction the subject and middle term are subsumed under the predicate, but there is no intersection between subject and middle term.
FIGURE 3 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 3. Relationships between middle term (M), subject (S), and predicate (P) in induction. A. The solid lines show relations established in the premises between the subject relative to the middle term and predicate. The dashed line indicates the connections in the conclusion. B. Euler diagram. Note the intersection of the middle term and predicate, in which is internested the subject.
FIGURE 11 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 11. The asymmetry between the prediction of unknown future effects from known causes and the retrodiction of unknown past causes from known effects.
FIGURE 10 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 10. Distinctions between abductive inferences based on strict descent with modification (A) as opposed to the use of a theory based on ratedependent descent with modification (B). Since the latter allows for strictly tokogenetic causal conditions to account for the independent derivations of characters among individuals in different species, the explanations of these characters should be separately inferred as distinct sets of tokogenetic events (C), rather than being explained in a phylogenetic context.
FIGURE 13. A in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 13. A schematic representation of the classes of predicted effects that would be required to test a phylogenetic hypothesis. A cladogram implies at least two classes of such effects: speciation events, and derivations of apomorphic characters among members of ancestral species.
FIGURE 6 in The abduction of phylogenetic hypotheses
FIGURE 6. The formal structure of the abductive inference of a phylogenetic hypothesis. A data matrix typically represents the minor premise, while a 'cladogram' implies the causal events stipulated in the conclusion. Note, however, that in this simple example, the concept of 'homoplasy' is not represented.
Effect of hip abduction assistance on metabolic cost and balance during human walking
<p>The use of wearable robots to provide walking assistance has rapidly grown over the last decade, with significant advances made in robot design and control methods toward reducing physical effort while performing an activity. The reduction in the walking effort has mainly been achieved by assisting forward progression in the sagittal plane. Human gait, however, is a complex movement that combines motions in three planes, not only the sagittal but also the transverse and frontal planes. In the frontal plane, the hip joint plays a key role in gait, including balance. However, wearable robots targeting this motion have rarely been investigated. In this study, we developed a hip abduction assistance wearable robot by formulating the hypothesis that assistance that mimics the biological hip abduction moment or power could reduce the metabolic cost of walking and affect the dynamic balance. We found that hip abduction assistance with a biological moment second peak mimic profile reduced the metabolic cost of walking by 11.6 percent compared to the normal walking condition. The assistance also influenced balance-related parameters, including the margin of stability. Hip abduction assistance influenced the center-of-mass movement in the mediolateral direction. When the robot assistance was applied as the center of mass moved toward the opposite leg, the assistance replaced some of the efforts that would have otherwise been provided by a human. This indicates that hip abduction assistance can reduce physical effort during human walking while influencing balance. </p>
Progressive Abduction Loading Therapy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04118998. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Abduction Brace Versus Antirotation Sling for Immobilization Following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty and Rotator Cuff Repair
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03488433. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Treatment of Formerly Abducted Children (FAC) in Uganda
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00552006. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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