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18 results for “Acarnus”
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 6. Acarnus tupiniquim sp. nov. (Holotype UFBA 2453). A, preserved specimen; B, skeletal architecture; C, style; D and E, detail of the style; F, tylote; G and H, detail of the tylote; I and J, tylostyles; K, L and M, detail of the tylostyles; N, cladotylote I; O and P, detail of the cladotylote I; Q, cladotylote II; R and S, detail of the cladotylote II; T, toxa I; U, detail of the toxa I; V, toxa II; W, detail of the toxa II; X, palmate isochelae. Scales: A, 0.5 cm; B, 100 µm; C, 20 µm; D, E, F, 10 µm; G, H, 3 µm; I, J, 10 µm; K, L, M, 1 µm; N, 20 µm; O, P, 3 µm; Q, 20 µm; R, S, 3 µm; T, 50 µm; U, 1 µm; V, 10 µm; W, 1 µm; X, 2 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 4. Acarnus hooperi sp. nov. (Paratype MNRJ 6491). A, style; B, detail of the style; C, tylotes (a polytyloted form in the right); D, detail of the tylotes with microspined ends; E, cladotylotes I and II; F, detail of the cladotylote I; G, acanthostyles; H, detail of the acanthostyle with blunt spines; I, two toxa II (deeply curved); J, toxa I (accolada); K, palmate isochelae. Scales: A, 100µm; 40µm; B, 10µm; C, 100µm; D, 5µm; E, 40µm; F, 5µm; G, 20µm; H, 5µm; I and J, 40µm; K, 5µm.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 5. Acarnus toxeata Boury-Esnault, 1973 (MNRJ 4913). A, cladotylote I; B, detail of the cladotylote I; C, cladotylote II; D, detail of the cladotylote II; E, palmate isochelae; F, style; G, detail of the styles with microspined base; H, tylote; I, detail of the tylote with microspined ends; J, toxas II (deeply curved); K, toxa I (accolada) and an isochelae (arrow point it). Scales: A, 40µm; B, 10µm; C, 20µm; D, 5µm; E, 5µm; F, 100µm; G, 10µm; H, 100µm; I, 5µm; J and K, 40µm.
FIGURE 3. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 3. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 (MNRJ 14290). A, style; B, detail of the style; C, tylote; D, detail of the tylotes with microspined ends; E, cladotylotes I; F, detail of the cladotylote I; G, cladotylotes II; H, detail of the cladotylote II; I, toxa I (accolada); J, toxa II (deeply curved); K, toxa III (oxhorn); L, palmate isochelae. Scales: A, 100µm; B, 20µm; C, 60µm; D, 4µm; E, 100 µm; F, 20 µm; G, 50µm; H, 10µm; I, 50µm; J, 40µm; K, 20µm; L, 4µm.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 1. Map indicating the collecting localities of the species in (A) Brazil; (B) Baía de Camamu. Legend: ● A. innominatus ● A. toxeata ● Acarnus hooperi sp. nov. ● Acarnus tupiniquim sp. nov.
FIGURE 2. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
FIGURE 2. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 (MNRJ 14290). A, specimen in situ; B, detail of an oscule; C and D, transversal section of skeleton. Scales: A, 2.5 cm; B, 4 mm; C, 200 µm; D, 150 µm.
TABLE 4 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
<p><b>TABLE 4.</b> General table of measurements of the spicular set of <i>Acarnus</i> species. Values are expressed in minimum–medium–maximum (µm).</p><table><tbody><tr><th><i>Acarnus species</i></th><th><b>Distribution/ Depth (m)</b></th><th><b>Styles</b></th><th><b>Tylotes</b></th><th><b>Tylostyles</b></th><th><b>Subtylostyles</b></th><th><b>Spicules Cladotylotes (length×width)</b></th><th><b>Toxas (length)</b></th><th><b>Acanthostyles</b></th><th><b>Chelae (length)</b></th><th><b>Microxeas</b></th></tr><tr><th><b><i>“Innominatus ”</i> species group</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td>Indian Ocean</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. claudei</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype MNHN DCL. 524</th><td>(South Africa, Cape Town, Mossel Bay and</td><td>175–400/ 6–20</td><td>130–230/ 3–4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.160–230/8 II.80–110/2</td><td>I.200–250 II.50–140 III. 50–200/3–5</td><td>absent</td><td>11–18</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Pt. Elisabeth)/-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.295–361.1–</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. erithacus</i> de Laubenfels, 1927</b> Paratype LACM # 21416</th><td>Pacific Coast of USA, Gulf of California/ 36</td><td>355–375.2– 400/7.5– 13.4–17.5</td><td>180–226.4– 265/ 2.5– 3.7–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.170–192.9–225/ 5–9.1–15 II.70–74.6–85/ 2.5–2.9–5</td><td>450 II.145–191.3– 250 III.40–72.3–</td><td>absent</td><td>10–13.4– 15</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>100</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. hoshinoi</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype NTM Z2234</th><td>South India and Sri Lanka, Bonaparte Coast/ intertidal</td><td>260–450/ 16–25</td><td>240–280/ 3–4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.195–280/6–15 II.70–140/3–5</td><td>I.190–590/ 1–3 II.25–170 III.45–250/ 2–5</td><td>absent</td><td>6–9–10</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. innominatus</i> Gray, 1867</b> Holotype BMNH Bk 309</th><td>Ocidental Atlantic (Caribbean, Brazil)/-</td><td>280–460/ 11–22</td><td>180–280/ 4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.230–300/6–12 II.80–115/2–3</td><td>I.220–450/ 0.5– 1.5 II.35–150/ 1.5–2 III.50– 160/ 2–4</td><td>absent</td><td>9–24</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. tenuis</i> Dendy, 1896</b> Lectotype BMNH 1902.10.18.62 (RN974)</th><td>Australia/ -</td><td>152–184– 205/2</td><td>96–142– 176/ 2</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.80–137–152/2 II.absent</td><td>I. absent II. absent III. absent</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. ternatus</i> Ridley, 1884</b> Paratype NTMZ. 1584</th><td>Indian Ocean (East African, South India and Sri Lanka)/-</td><td>288/15</td><td>250/ 4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.135–166/4 II.absent</td><td>I up to 800 II.50–150 III.75–110</td><td>absent</td><td>20</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th>Southern Red</th></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. thielei</i> Lévi, 1958</b> Holotype MNHN #A. 107</th><td>Sea (Bonaparte Coast, South India and Sri</td><td>230–296/ 5–6</td><td>206–225/ 2–3</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.130–180/3–4.5 II.61–79/1–2</td><td>I.240–420 II.25–70 III.60–200</td><td>absent</td><td>7–9</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Lanka)/-</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. wolffgangi</i> Keller, 1889</b> Holotype MNHN DCL.1297</th><td>Indian Ocean, Southern Red Sea, Austrália, Indonésia/-</td><td>286–300/13</td><td>210/2</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.216/10 II.110/3</td><td>I.510–900 II. absent III.80</td><td>absent</td><td>15–20</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td><b><i>“Tortilis ”</i> species group</b></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Indo-West</th></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. bergquistae</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype QM GL 706</th><td>Pacific (North East Autralia, Indonesia, India,</td><td>197–334/ 7–16</td><td>183–363/ 3–7</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.118–212/4–8 II.58–109/3–5</td><td>I. absent II.80–265 III.44–110</td><td>absent</td><td>7–16</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th>Madagascar)/ 10</th></tr><tr><th></th><td>West Indian</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.Three-claded</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. deweerdtae</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype ZMA POR. 8761</th><td>(Bonaire, Curaçao, Barbados, NorthEast</td><td>400–566/ 5–6</td><td>290–350/ 3–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>cladomes 190–279/5–8 Four-claded 105– 128/2–4</td><td>I.160–400 II.40–180 III. absent</td><td>absent</td><td>15–20</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Colombia)/ 5</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>II.67–86/1–2</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. oaxaquensis</i> AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013</b> Holotype MNC N 1.01/689</th><td>Mexican Tropical Pacific/ 4</td><td>192.5–325/ 3–10</td><td>105–268/ 2–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.125–162.5/3–5 II.62.5–82.5/2–3</td><td>I.35–170 II.57.5–90 III. absent</td><td>absent</td><td>17.5–25</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. sabulum</i> AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013</b> Holotype McNM 1.01/690</th><td>Pacific Coast of USA, Cortezian/ 3</td><td>200–263.5– 315/2.5–7.5– 10</td><td>150–167.5– 190/2–2.5–3</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.100–119.5–150/ 3.7–4.2–5 II.67.5–70.6–80/ 2.5–2.6–3</td><td>I.11.5–145.7– 165 II.25–45.5–80 III.30–31.2–35</td><td>absent</td><td>10–13.1– 15</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. topsenti</i> Dendy, 1922</b> Syntype BM 1921.11.7.84</th><td>Western Indian Ocean/ 60</td><td>204–287/ 3–12</td><td>Amphitylotes 205–262/ 2–3.5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I. absent II.53–97/3–8</td><td>I. absent II. absent III.32–191/1–4</td><td>absent</td><td>9–12</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Atlantic,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Pacific and</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Indian Oceans</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(North Atlantic</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. tortilis</i> Topsent, 1892</b> QM GL 706 (fragment NTM Z1538)</th><td>Ocean, Western India, Western and Northern</td><td>214–550/ 3-16</td><td>Amphitylotes 222–440/ 3.5–7</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.151–225/3–5 II.58–109/2.5–4</td><td>I. absent II. 15–265/1–2 III.44–130/1–5</td><td>absent</td><td>7–22</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Madagascar,</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Torres Strait</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Northern Great</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>Barrier Reef)/ 10</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. toxeata</i> Boury-Esnault, 1973</b> Holotype MNHN DNBE 1037</th><td>Brazil/ 50</td><td>378–727/ 12-16</td><td>213–472/ 3–9</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.250–395/3–9 II.56–162/3</td><td>I.500–945 II.28–265 III. absent</td><td>absent</td><td>12–14</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. tupiniquim</i> sp. nov.</b> Holotype UFBA 2453-POR</th><td>Brazil/ 11</td><td>370–653– 900/7.5–10– 15</td><td>270–400– 560/2.5– 5.6–7.5</td><td>127.5– 155.8– 177.5/ 2.5–3.5–5</td><td>absent</td><td>I.127.5–184.8– 232.5/5–5.8–7.5 II.65–80.5–100/ 2.5–2.8–5</td><td>I.200–239.3– 310/2.0–2.1–2.5 II.47.5–66.8– 80/0.8–1.3–1.6 III. absent</td><td>absent</td><td>12.5– 15.8–17.5</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td><i>“Souriei</i> ”species group</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. bicladotylotus</i> Hoshino, 1981</b> Holotype AR-1-10</th><td>Indo-West Pacific (Japan, Indonesia, Maldives, Seychelles)/</td><td>195–341– 385/8–10–12</td><td>205–267– 300/3–4.7–6</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.140–160–175/ 4–5.5–7 II.80–88–95/ 3–4–5</td><td>I.130–210/ 2–3 II.60–110/ 1–2 III. absent</td><td>80–90–95/ 3–4–5</td><td>15</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. caledoniensis</i> Hooper & Lévi, 1993</b> Holotype QM G300724</th><td>intertidal zone Tropical Southwestern Pacific, SouthWest coast of the Noumea lagoon /23</td><td>absent</td><td>304–330– 365/3–5–6</td><td>absent</td><td>321–354–423/ 4–7–10</td><td>I.122–165–192/ 1–2–3 II.68–111–152/ 2–2.4–3.5</td><td>I.185–269–386/ 0.4–1.1–1.8 II.52–93–141/ 0.5–0.9–1.2 III. absent</td><td>95–111–129/ 2–3–4</td><td>14–18– 22</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. guentheri</i> (Dendy, 1896)</b> Holotype R.N. 473</th><td>Australia/-</td><td>absent</td><td>280/3</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I and II.absent</td><td>I. and II. absent III. about 80/ 1.5</td><td>absent</td><td>about 12</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. levii</i> (Vacelet, 1960)</b> Holotype St. K204</th><td>Western Mediterranean (Corsica)/ 47-55</td><td>315–480/ 6–9</td><td>260–460/ 3–4.5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.180–210/4.5–6 II.100–140/2–4</td><td>I.75–195/1.5 II.20–140/ 0.5–3 III. absent</td><td>55–115/3–5</td><td>13–16</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. michoacanensis</i> AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013</b> Holotype MCNM 1.01/688</th><td>Mexican Tropical Pacific/ 8</td><td>207.5–277/ 5–8</td><td>155–260/ 2.5–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.112.5–135/2.5–3 II.absent</td><td>I.152–210 II.42–92.5 III. absent</td><td>47.5–72.5/ 4–5.5</td><td>11.3– 12.5</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. microxeatus</i> Nascimento & Pinheiro, 2023</b> Holotype 2986</th><td>Brasil/ intertidal</td><td>374–395.9– 424/12–21.1– 30</td><td>190–211– 249/2–3.1–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.141–244–293/ 5–9.8–12 II.90–96.1–105/ 2–3.1–5</td><td>I.222–435.6– 656 II.50–128.9–313 III.35–55.2–80</td><td>61–77.7–98/ 2–3.4–5</td><td>10–10.7– 12</td><td>29–52.4– 202/5–7.8–12</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. nicoleae</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype ZMA Por. 08768</th><td>Ocidental Atlantic (Caribbean, Brazil)/-</td><td>240–381/ 5–7</td><td>119–380/ 3–7</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.140–205/3–5 II.70–117/1–2</td><td>I.140–330 II.40–300 III.50–90/2–4</td><td>55–115/1–5</td><td>14–21</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. peruanus</i> van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991</b> Holotype USNM 23264</th><td>Mexican Tropical Pacific, Central Peru/ on wave washed rocks</td><td>244–371/ 9–12</td><td>211–282/ 3–4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.121–141/ 4–5 II.66–75/3</td><td>I.47.5–72.5/ 4–5.5 II.35–40 III. absent</td><td>82–97/4</td><td>13–17</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. primigenius</i> Hiemstra & Hooper, 1991</b> Holotype ZMA Por 07693</th><td>Southern Indonesia, Sumbawa/ 18</td><td>99–166–240 /4–5.5–6</td><td>Anisotylotes 137–156– 184/2.5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.54–62.5–67/5 II.absent</td><td>I. absent II. absent III.44–30–46/ 1.5–3–4</td><td>60–66–68/5</td><td>14–17.5– 21.5</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. radovani</i> (BouryEsnault, 1973)</b> Holotype MNHN D.NBE 963</th><td>Ocidental Atlantic (Carribean, Brazil)/ 51 Atlantic Ocean</td><td>absent</td><td>350–473/ 3–4</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.210–218/4.5–6 II. absent</td><td>I.230–309/1.5 II.143–204/ 1.5–3 III.78– 104/3–6</td><td>80–213/3–9</td><td>19–22</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. souriei</i> (Lévi, 1952)</b> Holotype DCL. 1259</th><td>(Europe, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Caribbean, Brazil)/ 0.2-25</td><td>180–230/ 3–10</td><td>210–270/ 3</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.105–160/5 II. absent</td><td>I.190 II.150 III.80</td><td>I.100–165 II.67–80</td><td>14</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><b><i>A. tener</i> Tanita, 1963</b> MNHN, DT. 1890</th><td>Japan, Central Pacific (Gambier Isl.)/-</td><td>260–340/ 8–10</td><td>180–320/ 2.5–5</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.130–190/5–6 II. absent</td><td>I. absent II. absent III.70–110/2</td><td>80–130/4–6</td><td>12–14</td><td>absent</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. hooperi</i> sp. nov. Holotype MNRJ 3942</th><td>Brazil/ 2.5-60</td><td>319–442.8– 505/ 7.9–10–13.3</td><td>266–345– 425/5.3–6– 7.9</td><td>absent</td><td>absent</td><td>I.172–210.7–260/ 8–8.9–10.6 II.79–97.8–122/ 2.6–3.3–5.3</td><td>I.133–209.5– 532 II.34.5–109.6– 218.1</td><td>66.5–97.7– 109/2.9–3.4–4.8</td><td>29.2– 34.4–39.9</td><td>absent</td></tr></tbody></table><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>......continued on the next page</p>
TABLE 1 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
<p><b>TABLE 1.</b> Spicule measurements and distribution data of <i>A. innominatus</i> Gray, 1867. Values are expressed in minimum– medium–maximum (µm).</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Material examined</b></th><th><b>Styles</b></th><th><b>Tylotes</b></th><th><b>Cladotylotes (length×width)</b></th><th><b>Toxas (length) I. accolada; II. thin deeplycurved; III. oxhorn</b></th><th><b>Palmate Isochelae (length)</b></th><th><b>Locality and depth (m)</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><b>MNRJ 14290</b></th><td>380–403–435/ 12–16.5–23</td><td>195–252.8– 300/4.7–6.4–7.5</td><td>I.225–284.4–315/ 11.5–13.5–16.2 II.95–117.1–160/ 4.9–5.6–6.5</td><td>I.240–316.5–560 II.80–125.8–200 III.55–97.5–150</td><td>11–14.4–22</td><td>Alagoas State. 1m</td></tr><tr><th><b>MNRJ 1920</b></th><td>388–431.3– 478/16–21.0–26</td><td>213–251.0– 292/5.3–7.1–7.8</td><td>I.194–251.8–289/ 10.6–11.5–13.3 II.109–123.2–135/ 5.3–7.1–7.9 (n=6)</td><td>I.239–435.3–651 II.48–103.5–173 III.42–57.9–82</td><td>10–15.6–18</td><td>Bahia State. Depth unknown.</td></tr><tr><th><b>ZMAPOR 03606</b></th><td>364–392.8– 422/10–16.0–24</td><td>223–277.7– 308/5.0–5.8–6.2</td><td>I.189–237.3–305/ 10–12.2–15 II.93–105–135/ 2.9– 4.0–6.3 (n=12)</td><td>I.345–488.4–619 II.69–123.8–162 III.32–58.8–80</td><td>13–13.9–16</td><td>Curaçao. Depth unknown.</td></tr><tr><th><b>MCN 1331</b></th><td>351–387.7– 430/13–15.3–22</td><td>189–245.8– 281/4.5–5.6–6.2</td><td>I.212–243.0–300/ 11–13.5–16 II.100–111.4–118/ 3.5–4.7–6.0</td><td>I.238–355.5–542 II.55–78.3–112 III.41–67.5–92</td><td>10–16.7–23</td><td>Australia. Depth unknown.</td></tr><tr><th><b>MCN 2661</b></th><td>363–424.3– 410/14–17.0–24</td><td>209–242.0– 281/5.3–7.1–7.8</td><td>I.194–251.8–289/ 10.6–11.5–13.3 II.109–123.2–135/ 5.3–7.1–7.9 (n=6)</td><td>I.239–435.3–651 II.48–103.5–173 III.42–57.9–82</td><td>10–15.6–18</td><td>Costa Norte de La Habana. Depth unknown.</td></tr><tr><th><b>MCN 2662</b></th><td>393–413.4– 487/13–21.5–25</td><td>193–245.5– 295/5.0–6.3–8.0</td><td>I.200–242.6–293/ 9.8–12.0–15.5 II.99–122.5–143/ 4.7–5.5–6.8 (n=15)</td><td>I.263–382.5–533 II.66–82.8–100 III.49–63.5–110</td><td>9.5–14.4– 19</td><td>Cayo Manzanillo. Depth unknown.</td></tr><tr><th><b>MCN 2663</b></th><td>377–401–439/ 13–19.5–25</td><td>202–238.0– 251/5.0–6.5–7.4</td><td>I.199–241.5–272/ 10–11.0–12 II.102–143.2–155/ 5.0–6.5–7.2 (n=6)</td><td>I.222–375.3–481 II.71–114.0–143 III.50–83.9–105</td><td>10–16.5–21</td><td>Cayo Anelitas. Depth unknown.</td></tr></tbody></table>
FIGURE 46. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 in An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs
FIGURE 46. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 (CNPGG-2393), skeleton and spicules: A. transversal section of the skeleton, ectosomal region with scattered tylotes; B. transversal section of the skeleton, ectosomal region of the skeleton with cladotylotes; C. transversal section of the skeleton, choanosomal region; D. 1—style, 2—wing-shaped toxa, 3—acolada toxa and 4—isochelae; E. tylote; F. detail of the extremities of the tylote; G. large cladotylote; H. small cladotylote, the arrow pointing to the tip of a style; I. oxhorn-shaped toxa. Scale bars: A–B = 50 µm; C = 600 µm; D = 100 µm; E = 25 µm; F = 5 µm; G = 10 µm; H = 15 µm; I = 10 µm.
FIGURE 6. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 6. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 (UFPE 4279). A, Preserved specimen; B, thick section showing the ectosome and choanosome. Scale, A, 1 cm; B, 400 µm.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 5. Acarnus toxeata Boury-Esnault, 1973 (UFBA 2705). A, Style. B, Tylote. C, Detail of Style. D, Detail of tylote. E, Cladotylote I. F, Cladotylote II. G, Isochelae. H, Oxhorn toxa. I, Thin deeply curved toxa. J, Accolada toxa. Scale: A, C, E, F, 50 μm; B, D, 10; G, H, I, J, 20 μm.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 4. Acarnus toxeata Boury-Esnault, 1973 (UFBA 2705). A, Preserved specimen; B, thick section showing the ectosome and choanosome. Scale, A, 1 cm; B, 390 µm.
FIGURE 7. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 7. Acarnus innominatus Gray, 1867 (UFPE 4279). A, Style. B, Tylote. C, Detail of Style. D, Detail of tylote. E, Cladotylote I. F,F' and F" growth forms of Cladotylote I. G, Cladotylote II. H, detail of the spined shaft of cladotylote II. I, Oxhorn toxa. J, Thin deeply curved toxa. K, Accolada toxa. L, Isochelae. Scale: A, B, E, G, 50 μm; C, D, F, F', F", H, L, 10 μm G, I, J, K, 20 μm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 2. Acarnus microxeatus sp. nov. (Holotype—UFPEPOR 2986). A, in situ specimen; B, thick section showing the ectosome and choanosome. Scale, A, 1 cm; B, 300 µm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 1. Sampling locations of the specimens studied (created in QGIS software). PE, Pernambuco State; AL, Alagoas State; BA, Bahia State.
TABLE 3 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
<p><b>TABLE 3.</b> Spicule measurements of <i>A. toxeata</i>. Values are expressed in minimum– medium–maximum (µm).</p><table><tbody><tr><th><b>Specimens</b></th><th><b>Depth (m)</b></th><th><b>Styles</b></th><th><b>Tylotes</b></th><th><b>Cladotylotes (length×width× cladome width)</b></th><th><b>Toxas (length × width)</b></th><th><b>Palmate isochelae (length)</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.210–263.6–311/</td><td>I.250–559.2–825</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>MNRJ 4913</b></th><td>65</td><td>430–536.9– 646/7.9–9.6–</td><td>295–349.7– 436/5.6–6.9–7.9</td><td>5.3–8.1–10.6 II.71.8–115.2–</td><td>II. 54.5–105–152 III.28–54–77</td><td>7.9–10.6– 13.3</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>13.3</td><td></td><td>159.6/2.2–3.2–5.3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I 220–418–580/</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.180–211.7–250/</td><td>1–1.8–3</td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>MUCIN 0152</b></th><td>–</td><td>300–439.3– 580/2.5–7.2–</td><td>200–263.7– 350/2.5–4.3–5</td><td>5–5.5–7.5 II.80–92–112.5/</td><td>II.57.5–100– 137.5/ 1–1.6–2</td><td>10–11.8– 12.5</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>12.5</td><td></td><td>2.5–2.5–2.5</td><td>III.20–53.1–72/</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>1–2.2–4</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.186–241.1–276/</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>UFBA 2700– POR</b></th><td>9</td><td>319–470.6– 707/6.6–10.0– 14.0</td><td>223–275.4– 346/4.7–5.4–6.3</td><td>4.7–5.7–7.4/ 17.2–22.9–27.9 II. 88–112.4–133/ 2.3–3.9–5.8</td><td>II.61–99.1–149 III.138–406.4– 585/0.7–1.2–2.1</td><td>11.9–13.1– 13.8</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.189–237.3–306/</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>UFBA 2703– POR</b></th><td>-</td><td>306–479.5– 646/5.3–9.0– 13.3</td><td>223–277.7– 348/5.3–5.5–6.1</td><td>5.3–6.1–7.9/ 16–23.3–32 II.93–105.9–136/</td><td>II.37–63.9–130 III.114–460.8– 619/0.7–1.7–3.1</td><td>12.5–13.3– 14</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2.6–3.4–5.3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.191–236.7–303/</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>UFBA 2704– POR</b></th><td>3</td><td>293–472.6– 641/5.0–9.7– 13.5</td><td>221–275.7– 354/4.2–5.4–6.3</td><td>4.7–6.1–7.9/ 15–23.8–29 II.82–107.1–135/</td><td>II.24–56.7–80 III.109–418.3– 622/0.7–1.7–3.4</td><td>12.5–13.4– 14.3</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2.6–3.9–5.3</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.202–245.1–271/</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>UFBA 2705- POR</b></th><td>9.15</td><td>407–467.2– 539/6.6–10.4– 13.3</td><td>213–249.2– 311/2.3–3.6–5.3</td><td>4.7–5.9–6.9/ 18.3–23.1–31.9 II.90–116.5–173/ 1.3–2.7–5.3</td><td>II.45–85–159 III.172–381.7– 532/1.3–2.9–5.3</td><td>11.8–12.8– 14</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>I.247–259.2–274/</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th><b>UFBA 3170– POR</b></th><td>11.7</td><td>346–440.1– 540/5.3–9.5– 13.8</td><td>228–255.7– 298/2.1–2.9–5.3</td><td>5.8–6.9–8.5/ 21–24.9–34 II.98–106.3–122/</td><td>II.52–114.2–164 III.114–248.5– 343/1.3–2.1–3.1</td><td>11.8–12.7– 14</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>2.1–2.4–3.4</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>
TABLE 2 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species
<p><b>TABLE 2.</b> Comparative table of spicule categories of <i>Acarnus hooperi</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>Acarnus nicoleae</i> van Soest <i>et al.</i>, 1991. Values are expressed in minimum– medium–maximum (µm). *Spicule measurements from the original description.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th><b>Styles</b></th><th><b>Tylotes</b></th><th><b>Acanthostyles</b></th><th><b>Cladotylotes (length×width)</b></th><th><b>Toxas (length) I.accolada; II.thin deeplycurved; III. oxhorn</b></th><th><b>Palmate Isochelae (length)</b></th><th><b>Locality and depth (m)</b></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>A. hooperi</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> Holotype MNRJ 3942</th><td>319– 442.8– 505/7.9– 10–13.3</td><td>266–345– 425/5.3– 6.0–7.9</td><td>66.5–97.7–109/ 2.9–3.4–4.8</td><td>I.172–210.7–260/ 8–8.9–10.6 II.79–97.8–122/ 2.6–3.3–5.3</td><td>I.133–209.5–532 II.34.5–109.6– 218.1</td><td>29.2–34.4– 39.9</td><td>Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil)/ 2.5–60</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. nicoleae sensu</i> van</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Soest <i>et al</i>. (1991) Holotype ZMA Por. 08768*</th><td>240–381/ 5–7</td><td>119–380/ 3–7</td><td>55–115/1–5</td><td>I.140–205/3–5 II.70–117/1–2</td><td>I.140–330 II.40–300 III. 50–90/ 2–4</td><td>14.4–21</td><td>Colombia/6</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. nicoleae sensu</i> Muricy <i>et al.</i> (2008) *</th><td>242–458– 1028</td><td>306–414– 509</td><td>90–165–210</td><td>I. 141–202–243 II. 81–92–123</td><td>I.230–245– 262 II.55–86–110 III.30–53–75</td><td>10–15</td><td>Rio Grande do Norte State (Brazil)/ 7–10</td></tr><tr><th><i>A. nicoleae sensu</i> Rützler <i>et al.</i> (2014) *</th><td>430–442– 460/6–8– 10</td><td>310–357– 390/5–6–8</td><td>70–79–90/3– 5–6</td><td>140–187–220/ 13–17–22</td><td>110–150–210/ 1– 2</td><td>15–17–18</td><td>Belize/ 0.3</td></tr></tbody></table>
FIGURE 3. UFPEPOR 2986. A, Style. B in A new species of Acarnus Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demospongiae, Acarnidae) from NE Brazil
FIGURE 3. UFPEPOR 2986. A, Style. B, Detail of the base and tip of the style. C, Tylote. D, Detail of tylotes. E, Isochelae. F, Cladotylote I. G, Detail of the base and cladome of cladotylote I. H, Cladotylote II. I, Detail of the base and cladome of cladotylote II. J, Thin deeply curved toxa. K, Oxhorn toxa. L, Accolada toxa. M, Acanthoxa. N, Microxea. Scale: A, C, 50 μm; B, D, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, 20 μm; E, 15 μm; G, I, 10 μm; L, 20 μm.
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