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12 results for “Ground Layers”
Data on ground ice, organic carbon and soluble cations in tundra permafrost and active-layer soils near Lac de Gras in the Slave Geological Province, N.W.T., Canada
<p>Data and computer code for producing figures for the manuscript:</p> <p>Subedi, R., Kokelj, S. V., and Gruber, S.: Ground ice, organic carbon and soluble cations <br> in tundra permafrost soils and sediments near a Laurentide ice divide in the Slave <br> Geological Province, N.W.T., Canada. The Cryosphere, accepted for publication in October 2020. </p> <p>Discussion paper and final version: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2020-33</p> <p> </p> <p>==========================================================================================<br> CONTENT OF DIRECTORIES<br> ==========================================================================================<br> -– data [input data to produce plots]<br> |–– BoreholesMeta.csv<br> |–– brackets_photos_ice.csv<br> |–– brackets_photos_thawed.csv<br> |–– Lac_de_Gras_permafrost_20200612.csv<br> |–– NordicanaD<br> <br> |–– ds_000582159 [authoritative copy at doi: 10.5885/45558XD-EBDE74B80CE146C6]<br> |–– Cored_Drill_TCR.csv<br> |–– Cored_Drill_TCR.csv_ReadMe.txt<br> <br> |–– ds_000582163 [authoritative copy at doi: 10.5885/45558XD-EBDE74B80CE146C6]<br> |–– Cored_Drill_Logs.csv_ReadMe.txt<br> |–– Cored_Drill_Logs.csv</p> <p>–– plot [R scripts write plots into this subdirectory]</p> <p>–– src [R scripts to generate plots]<br> |–– Combined_Plots.R [produces Figures 3–6]<br> |–– Eskers.R [helper function called by Combined_Plots.R]<br> |–– Organics.R [helper function called by Combined_Plots.R]<br> |–– plot_boreholes_DD_single.R [produces Figures S3]<br> |–– plot_boreholes_DD.R [produces raw Figure S2 for further graphic processing]<br> |–– Till.R [helper function called by Combined_Plots.R]<br> |–– Valley.R [helper function called by Combined_Plots.R]</p> <p><br> ==========================================================================================<br> RUNNING SCRIPTS<br> ==========================================================================================</p> <p>Adjust the variable 'path' in these scrips, then run: <br> Combined_Plots.R<br> plot_boreholes_DD_single.R<br> plot_boreholes_DD.R </p> <p>Tested with R version 3.6.3 (2020-02-29) -- "Holding the Windsock"</p> <p> </p> <p>==========================================================================================<br> REFRERENCE<br> ==========================================================================================<br> Please note that the data contained in data/NordicanaD is published as Gruber et al. (2018)<br> and only included here for convenience. The full reference for the authoritative copy is: <br> <br> Gruber, S., Brown, N., Stewart-Jones, E., Karunaratne, K., Riddick, J., Peart, C., <br> Subedi, R., Kokelj, S. 2018. Drill logs, visible ice content and core photos from 2015 <br> surficial drilling in the Canadian Shield tundra near Lac de Gras, Northwest Territories, <br> Canada, v. 1.0 (2015-2015). Nordicana D38, doi: 10.5885/45558XD-EBDE74B80CE146C6. <br> http://www.cen.ulaval.ca/nordicanad/dpage.aspx?doi=45558XD-EBDE74B80CE146C6 </p>
Data from: The diversity of post-fire regeneration strategies in the cerrado ground layer
<p>1. Disentangling species strategies that confer resilience to natural disturbances is key to conserving and restoring savanna ecosystems. Fire is a recurrent disturbance in savannas, and savanna vegetation is highly adapted to, and often dependent on fire. However, although the woody component of tropical savannas is well studied, we still do not understand how ground-layer plant communities respond to fire, limiting conservation and management actions.</p> <p>2. We investigated the effects of prescribed fire on community structure and composition, and evaluated which traits are involved in plant community regeneration after fire in the cerrado ground layer. We assessed traits related to species persistence and colonization capacity after fire, including resprouter type, underground structure, fire-induced flowering, regeneration strategy and growth form. We searched for functional groups related to response to fire, to shed light on the main strategies of post-fire recovery among species in the ground layer.</p> <p>3. Fire changed ground-layer community structure and composition in the short term, leading to greater plant species richness, population densities, and increasing bare soil, compared with unburned communities. Eight months after fire, species abundance did not differ from pre-disturbance values for 86% of the species, demonstrating the resilience of this layer to fire. Only one ruderal species was disadvantaged by fire and 13% of the species benefited. Rapid recovery of soil cover by native vegetation in burned areas was driven by species with high capacity to resprout and spread vegetatively. Recovery of the savanna ground-layer community, as a whole, resulted from a combination of different species traits. We summarized these traits into five large groups, encompassing key strategies involved in ground layer regeneration after fire.</p> <p>Synthesis: Fire dramatically changes the ground layer of savanna vegetation in the short term, but the system is highly resilient, quickly recovering the pre-fire state. Recovery involves different strategies, which we categorized into five functional groups of plant species: grasses, seeders, bloomers, undergrounders, and resprouters. Knowledge of these diverse strategies should be used as a tool to assess conservation and restoration status of fire-resilient ecosystems in the cerrado.</p>
Code and data repository for the role of topography, geotechnical layering, and attenuation on ground motion prediction
<p>Data and scripts to reproduce research on the influence of topography, geotechnical layer, and attenuation on ground motion prediction in Salton Trough.</p>
Validating NISAR's cropland mapping approach and the USDA/NASS Cropland Data Layer against ground truth data in a fragmented urban agricultural region
<p>Field data used in manuscript:</p> <p>1 shapefile containing the ROI outline for which Sentinel-1 data was cropped</p> <p>1 shapefile containing the 93 fields investigated with their names, types and sizes as attributes </p> <p>8 annual csv data for active fields, consisting of 3 harvest dates and 5 planting dates. This list is after translating data from Farmlogic Report (not conducive to analysis in the format) and filtering for fields greater 1 acre. The study lateron further screened to use only fields greater than 2 acreas (0.81 hectares). </p> <p> </p>
Data from: The diversity of post-fire regeneration strategies in the cerrado ground layer
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Data from: Statistical forecasting of current and future circum-Arctic ground temperatures and active layer thickness
Mean annual ground temperature (MAGT) and active layer thickness (ALT) are key to understanding the evolution of the ground thermal state across the Arctic under climate change. Here a statistical modeling approach is presented to forecast current and future circum-Arctic MAGT and ALT in relation to climatic and local environmental factors, at spatial scales unreachable with contemporary transient modeling. After deploying an ensemble of multiple statistical techniques, distance-blocked cross-validation between observations and predictions suggested excellent and reasonable transferability of the MAGT and ALT models, respectively. The MAGT forecasts indicated currently suitable conditions for permafrost to prevail over an area of 15.1 ± 2.8 × 106 km2. This extent is likely to dramatically contract in the future, as the results showed consistent, but region-specific, changes in ground thermal regime due to climate change. The forecasts provide new opportunities to assess future Arctic changes in ground thermal state and biogeochemical feedbacks.
Dataset 2 "Aerosol optical properties within the atmospheric boundary layer predicted from ground-based observations compared to Raman lidar retrievals during RITA-2021"
<p>This dataset provides additional profiles for the manuscript titled "Aerosol optical properties within the atmospheric boundary layer predicted from ground-based observations compared to Raman lidar retrievals during RITA-2021". It is available for those who are interested.</p>
Brief Communication: Monitoring active layer dynamic using a lightweight nimble Ground-Penetrating Radar system. A laboratory analog test case
<p>GPR dataset from Leger et al., 2023 (https://tc.copernicus.org/preprints/tc-2022-214/)</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Statistical forecasting of current and future circum-Arctic ground temperatures and active layer thickness
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Data from: Long-term impacts of variable retention harvesting on ground-layer plant communities in Pinus resinosa forests
Concerns about loss of biodiversity and structural complexity in managed forests have recently increased and led to the development of new management strategies focused on restoring or maintaining ecosystem functions while also providing wood outputs. Variable Retention Harvest (VRH) systems, in which mature overstorey trees are retained in various spatial arrangements across harvested areas, represent one potential approach to this problem. However, long-term evaluations of the effectiveness of this strategy at sustaining plant community composition are needed as this strategy is increasingly applied in managed forest landscapes throughout the world. The forest ground layer plays a central role in forest ecosystem functioning and we evaluated the long-term (11+ year) dynamics in ground-layer plant communities in response to VRH study in Pinus resinosa Aiton. forests. This large-scale, manipulative study included four overstorey (control, small gap-aggregated, large gap-aggregated and dispersed) and two understorey (ambient and reduced shrubs) treatments replicated four times in 16 ha stands. Changes in ground-layer community composition were apparent 11 years following harvest, regardless of live-tree retention pattern. Richness and diversity increased and were driven by introduction and colonization of ruderal species, while forest interior species continued to persist across treatments. All life-forms responded positively to harvest with the exception of moss and clubmoss species. The lack of effect of spatial pattern of retention on ground-layer plant communities was likely related to the presence of a dense and persistent shrub layer, a result of decades of fire suppression. In particular, the greatest responses to overstorey retention pattern occurred in areas receiving shrub reduction treatments, indicating this recalcitrant layer likely filtered response to retention pattern. Synthesis and applications. Overall, this work highlights flexibility in choosing a Variable Retention Harvest (VRH) approach when sustaining ground-layer plant community diversity and composition are goals, but altered disturbance regimes (e.g. fire suppression, timber harvesting) that have facilitated the presence or formation of recalcitrant understories, need to be considered. The legacy effects of historical land use and alterations to natural disturbance regimes on the understorey in northern temperate forests are of equal, if not greater importance to overstorey retention patterns, in eliciting desired responses to VRH and need to be more carefully considered in future applications of this method.
Data from: Long-term impacts of variable retention harvesting on ground-layer plant communities in Pinus resinosa forests
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Active layer thickness and ground temperatures, Svea, Svalbard, Version 1
Snow and soil temperature records for January 1988 - May 1996 are presented. Included are snow depth and weight measurements, snow density (calculated), active layer depth in the frost tubes, weight of wet and dried soil samples from unknown depth within the active layer (water content calculated), and soil temperature at the surface (0.05 cm) and to the depths of 3 to 4 meters at 3 sites. The sites are 1) on a road covered by 1 m of gravel underlain by clay; 2) outside a building on piles, (sensors are placed 1 to 2 m from the building wall); and 3) under the building between piles. In addition, air temperature was measured inside the building or between the piles (documentation is not clear on this point.) There are several gaps in temperature measurements (January 1991 to May 1992). These data are presented on the CAPS CD-ROM version 1.0, June 1998.Air temperature, wind direction, and temperature were measured at 5, 20, 50, 100, 150, and 200 cm below the tundra surface at an undisturbed site; and at 5, 20, 50, 100, 150, 200 cm, and 3 m and 8 m below the concrete surface of a building. Incoming radiation, outgoing radiation, temperature of the heat flux instrument, global radiation, heat flux, wind speed, wind speed maximum, average wind speed, and temperature inside the building were measured since 1993 with data loggers. All data are recorded for July 1987 - February 1996.
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