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173 results for “Terrarana”
Fig. 5. A in Two new species of frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the Peruvian Andes
Fig. 5. A) Habitat of the type locality of Phrynopus valquii sp. nov.; B) Microhabitat of Phrynopus valquii sp. nov.; C) Habitat of the type locality of Phrynopus daemon sp. nov.; D) Microhabitat of Phrynopus daemon sp. nov. Photographs: A–B by Germán Chávez and C–D by Roy Santa-Cruz.
Fig. 3 in Two new species of frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the Peruvian Andes
Fig. 3. Distribution of Phrynopus valquii sp. nov. (green circles) and Phrynopus daemon sp. nov. (red circles). Map by Ca- terina H. Cosmopolis.
Fig. 4 in Two new species of frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the Peruvian Andes
Fig. 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of the type series of Phrynopus daemon sp. nov.: A–B) Holotype (CORBIDI 15364, adult female, SVL = 24.3 mm); C–D) Female paratype (MUSA 4916, adult female, SVL = 21.4 mm); E–F) Male paratype (MUSM 32747, SVL = 21.7). Photographs: A–D by Roy Santa-Cruz and E–F by Daniel Rodriguez.
Fig. 2 in Two new species of frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the Peruvian Andes
Fig. 2. Ventral view of: A) right hand of the holotype of Phrynopus valquii; B) right foot of the holotype of Phrynopus valquii; C) right hand of the holotype of Phrynopus daemon; D) right foot of the holotype of Phrynopus daemon. Photographs by Germán Chávez.
Fig. 1 in Two new species of frogs of the genus Phrynopus (Anura: Terrarana: Craugastoridae) from the Peruvian Andes
Fig. 1. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of specimens of the type series of Phrynopus valquii sp. nov.: A–B) Holotype (COR- BIDI 14005, adult female, SVL = 31.2 mm); C–D) Paratype (CORBIDI 14007, adult female, SVL = 28.07 mm); E–F (CORBIDI 13993, adult male, SVL = 25.2 mm). Photographs by Germán Chávez.
Supplementary material 1 from: Acosta-Galvis AR, Saldarriaga-Gómez AM, Ramírez B, Vargas-Ramírez M (2020) A new Terrarana frog of genus Pristimantis from an unexplored cloud forest from the eastern Andes, Colombia. ZooKeys 961: 129-156. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.961.51971
Additional specimens examined. IAvH-Am: Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute, Villa de Leyva, Colombia; MPUJ: Lorenzo Uribe Museum of Natural History, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
Data from: A new tuberculated Pristimantis (Anura, Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from the Venezuelan Andes, redescription of Pristimantis pleurostriatus, and variation within Pristimantis vanadisae
A new tuberculated Pristimantis is described from the eastern versant of the Venezuelan Andes. The new species is found in cloud forest at around 1600 masl on the eastern side of the Cordillera de Mérida. It is distinguished from other similar tuberculated species by its round, ill-defined canthus rostralis, ill-defined canthal stripe, and absence of pale spots on the groin and posterior surface of thighs. Pristimantis pleurostriatus is a poorly known species found in cloud forest on the western slopes of the Venezuelan Andes. We redescribe the species based on topotypic specimens. Pristimantis vanadisae is a polychomatic species varying dramatically in pattern; four chromotypes are described. Molecular data are presented which distinguish among tuberculated and other species of Pristimantis in the Cordillera de Merida. Molecular data also support placement of Mucubatrachus and Paramophrynella in Pristimantis.
FIGURE 3 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov., holotype (MNRJ 51475). Dorsal and lateral views of head; ventral views of hand and foot; scale bars represent 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the species of Holoaden. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov. (dot); H. luederwaldti (triangle); H. luerderwaldti and H. bradei (star); Holoaden sp. (square).
FIGURE 2 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov., holotype (MNRJ 51475, adult female, SVL 44.6 mm), dorsal and ventral views.
FIGURE 10 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 10. Phylogeny of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected species and constructed using sequences from 9 genes. The tree is rooted with Rana temporaria (not shown). Support values (ML bootstrap/Bayesian posterior probability/MP bootstrap) are indicated at nodes. Bayesian and MP support values are not given in cases where those phylogenies conflicted with the ML phylogeny.
FIGURE 9 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 9. (A) Bayesian and (B) maximum parsimony phylogenies of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected genera and constructed using sequences from 17 genes. The trees are rooted with Ranidae (not shown). Support values (Bayesian posterior probabilities or MP bootstrap values) are indicated at nodes.
FIGURE 8 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 8. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected genera and constructed using sequences from 17 genes. The tree is rooted with Ranidae (not shown). Bootstrap support values are indicated at nodes. Higher classification is indicated to the right.
FIGURE 6 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 6. High-resolution tomographs of terraranan frogs representing two families (left, dorsal view; right, ventral view). (A–B) Brachycephalidae, Ischnocnema guentheri (KU 92816); (C–D) Craugastoridae, Haddadus binotatus (KU 92808). Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 5. Habitat of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus at 1540 m on Mt. Kopinang, Guyana. The holotype was found about 5 m from the stream in the foreground in Figure 5A; the paratype was found on a leaf about 10 m away from the other side of the stream slightly to the left of the middle of Figure 5B. Photographs by D. B. Means.
FIGURE 11 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 11. Timetree of nobleobatrachian frogs represented by selected genera and estimated with a Bayesian analysis of sequences from 9 genes, based on a topology obtained from the ML analysis of 17 genes (Figure 8). Numbers on nodes refer to time estimates and credibility intervals of time estimates (Table 2); those in bold are nodes discussed in the text. Illustrations portray the major reproductive modes of the genera and families, with most direct-developing species (i.e., no aquatic larvae) contained in Terrarana (Ceuthomantidae and four other families) that nearly always lay eggs on substrate, and Hemiphractidae that carry their eggs on their backs. Nearly all other nobleobatrachians have aquatic larvae (e.g., tadpoles).
FIGURE 7 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 7. High-resolution tomographs of terraranan frogs representing two families (left, dorsal view; right, ventral view). (A–B) Eleutherodactylidae, Eleutherodactylus gossei (SBH 266440; and (C–D) Strabomantidae, Pristimantis pulvinatus (KU 166368). Scale bars = 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the family Ceuthomantidae. Lowlands are indicated by green and uplands by brown. Known localities of the new family are indicated in the northeastern and southwestern portions of elevated areas on the Guiana Shield, in Venezuela, Brazil, and Guyana. (1) Mt. Kopinang, Guyana (C. smaragdinus, type locality), (2) Mt. Ayanganna, Guyana C. smaragdinus, referred specimen), (3) Pico Tamacuari, Venezuela and Brazil (C. cavernibardus), (4) Cerro Aracamuni, Venezuela (C. aracamuni), and (5) Sarisariñama Tepui, Venezuela (C. cf. cavernibardus).
FIGURE 3 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 3. High-resolution tomographs of Centhomantis smaragdinus, KU 315000. A dorsal, B. ventral. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new frog family (Anura: Terrarana) from South America and an expanded direct-developing clade revealed by molecular phylogeny
FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of the holotype of Ceuthomantis smaragdinus (KU 300000) in life. Photographs by D. B. Means.
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