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Fig. 1 in Neritriterpenols A-G, euphane and tirucallane triterpenes from Euphorbia neriifolia L. and their bioactivity

Fig. 1. Structures of the isolated triterpenes 1–11 isolated from the stems extract of Euphorbia neriifolia.

Fig. 7 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 7. Relative expression of six genes related to the biosynthesis of TAs, including farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDS), squalene synthase (SQS), squalene epoxidases (SQE), lupeol synthase (LUS), β-amyrin synthase (BAS), and mixed function amyrin synthase (MFAS) genes in the different ploidy levels of in vitro and in vivo conditions of S. officinalis. Error bars are shown as standard deviation (n = 3).

Fig. 6 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 6. The observation of stomata characteristics in vivo plants of diploid (A1,2) and mixoploid (B1,2) of S. officinalis. Bars = 50 and 10 μm.

Fig. 5 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 5. The observation of stomata characteristics in vitro plants of diploid (A1,2), tetraploid (B1,2), and mixoploid (C1,2) of S. officinalis. Bars = 50 and 10 μm.

Fig. 2 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 2. Chromosome numbers of root tip cells from diploid plants 2n = 2x = 14 (A); and tetraploid plants 2n = 4x = 28 (B) of S. officinalis.

Fig. 1 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 1. Histograms of flow cytometric analysis of diploid (A), tetraploid (B) and mixoploid (C) plants of S. officinalis.

Fig. 4 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 4. The morphological characteristics of in vivo plants of diploid (A), and mixoploid (B) of S. officinalis.

Fig. 8 in Triterpenic and phenolic acids production changed in Salvia officinalis via in vitro and in vivo polyploidization: A consequence of altered genes expression

Fig. 8. Pearson correlation and the relationship between TAs contents of betulinic acid (BA), ursolic acid (UA), and oleanolic acid (OA) and gene expression related to triterpenic acids biosynthesis pathway including farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDS), squalene synthase (SQS), squalene epoxidases (SQE), lupeol synthase (LUS), β-amyrin synthase (BAS), and mixed function amyrin synthase (MFAS) genes in different ploidy levels of in vitro and in vivo conditions of S. officinalis.

Fig. 1 in Biosynthetic diversity in triterpene cyclization within the Boswellia genus

Fig. 1. Boswellic acids and their precursors α and β-amyrines as isolated from the resins of different Boswellia species. β-Boswellic acid (β-BA, 1), 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-KBA, 3), 3-O-acetyl-β-boswellic acid (β-ABA, 2), 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (β-AKBA, 4), α-boswellic acid (α-BA, 5), 11-keto-α-boswellic acid (α-KBA, 7), 3-O-acetyl-α-boswellic acid (α-ABA, 6), 3-α-acetyl-11-keto-α-boswellic acid (α-AKBA, 8), 3-epi-α-amyrine (9), and 3-epi-β-amyrine (10).

Fig. 2 in Biosynthetic diversity in triterpene cyclization within the Boswellia genus

Fig. 2. Boswellia and their resins. (A) The stem part of the B. sacra tree is tapped to produce a milk-like resin that is dried in the presence of heat and strong wind into a solid form. The collected resin is used for various purposes; however, the tree population is confronted with various types of threats. A detailed understanding is required to ensure the sustainability of the species from this genus. (B) Global distribution map of Boswellia species. (C) A relatively higher abundance of species and endemism have been observed on the island of Socotra, Yemen, whereas intact populations of B. sacra are widely distributed over the Dhofar region of Oman. (D) Variation in resin types and colours from different species of Boswellia. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Triterpene glycosides and phenylpropane derivatives from Staurogyne concinnula possessing anti-angiogenic activity

Fig. 4. The effect of Fr.A, Fr.B, and compounds 1–5, 7 on tube-like structure formation on endothelial cells.

Fig. 8 in Pentacyclic Triterpenes from the resin of Liquidambar formosana have anti-angiogenic properties

Fig. 8. The effect of compounds 1–5, 6, 11, and14 on VEGF-induced migration observed in HUVECs. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. *P <0.05; **P <0.01; ***P <0.001 vs. VEGF-treated control.

Fig. 7 in Pentacyclic Triterpenes from the resin of Liquidambar formosana have anti-angiogenic properties

Fig. 7. The effect of compounds 1–15 on VEGF-induced mitogenesis observed in HUVECs. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of at least four independent experiments. *P <0.05; **P <0.01; ***P <0.001 vs. VEGF-treated control.

Fig. 9 in Pentacyclic Triterpenes from the resin of Liquidambar formosana have anti-angiogenic properties

Fig. 9. Inhibitory effects of compound 1 on the phosphorylation of VEGFR2, AKT, and ERK. (A)Western blot analysis of phospho-(B) VEGFR2, (C) AKT, (D) ERK1/2 levels in HUVECs treated with compound 1 at indicated concentrations. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *P <0.05, **P <0.01 vs. VEGFtreated control.

opennotspecifiedSep 2020View details →

Fig. 3 in Triterpene saponins from the seeds of Erythrophleum fordii and their cytotoxic activities

Fig. 3. Key NOE correlations (red dotted double arrows and blue dotted double arrows) of aglycones of 2–4. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

opennotspecifiedAug 2020View details →

Fig. 2 in Triterpene glycosides from Blighia welwitschii and evaluation of their antibody recognition capacity in multiple sclerosis

Fig. 2. Data distribution of IgM antibody responses to saponins 2, 6, 7, hederagenin monodesmoside and giganteaside J from B. welwitschii, in MS patients' sera, determined by ELISA. CSF114(Glc) and its unglucosylated analogue, CSF114, were tested as positive and negative controls, respectively. Glc oleanolate from O. obtusifolia, whose glycoside part is significantly different from B. welwitschii saponins, was tested as a reference compound. Data are reported as absorbance at 405 nm of sera diluted 1:100. Horizontal lines represent mean values with their SD. Mann-Witney U test showed that the CSF114(Glc) distribution significantly differs from this of CSF114 (p value <0.0001, two-tailed). Kruskal-Wallis test including multiple comparison of natural glycosides distributions showed statistical differences between compound 2 and 6 (p value <0.05), 2 and 7 (p value <0.0001), 2 and hederagenin monodesmoside (p value <0.01), Glc oleanolate and hederagenin monodesmoside (p value <0.05), Glc oleanolate and 7 (p value <0.0001) and Glc oleanolate and 6 (p value <0.05).

opennotspecifiedAug 2020View details →

Fig. 3 in Triterpene glycosides from Blighia welwitschii and evaluation of their antibody recognition capacity in multiple sclerosis

Fig. 3. Data distribution of IgM antibody responses to saponins 2, 6, 7, hederagenin monodesmoside and giganteaside J from B. welwitschii as well as Glc oleanolate from O. obtusifolia, in the sera of multiple sclerosis (MS) and ctrl patients, determined by ELISA. CSF114(Glc) and the unglucosylated peptide CSF114 were tested as controls. Data are reported as absorbance at 405 nm of sera diluted 1:100. Horizontal lines represent mean values with their SD. MannWitney U test showed that MS and ctrl distributions significantly differ for CSF114(Glc), CSF114 (p value <0.0001, two-tailed) and for Glc oleanolate (p value <0.05, two-tailed). In contrast, saponins 2, 6, 7, hederagenin monodesmoside and giganteaside J did not show any statistical differences between the two sera distributions (p value> 0.05, two-tailed).