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24 results for “collective behaviour”
Evidence for individual discrimination and numerical assessment in collective antipredator behaviour in wild jackdaws (Corvus monedula)
Collective responses to threats occur throughout the animal kingdom but little is known about the cognitive processes underpinning them. Antipredator mobbing is one such response. Approaching a predator may be highly risky, but the individual risk declines and the likelihood of repelling the predator increases in larger mobbing groups. The ability to appraise the number of conspecifics involved in a mobbing event could therefore facilitate strategic decisions about whether to join. Mobs are commonly initiated by recruitment calls, which may provide valuable information to guide decision-making. We tested whether the number of wild jackdaws responding to recruitment calls was influenced by the number of callers. As predicted, playbacks simulating three or five callers tended to recruit more individuals than playbacks of one caller. Recruitment also substantially increased if recruits themselves produced calls. These results suggest that jackdaws use individual vocal discrimination to assess the number of conspecifics involved in initiating mobbing events, and use this information to guide their responses. Our results show support for the use of numerical assessment in antipredator mobbing responses and highlight the need for a greater understanding of the cognitive processes involved in collective behaviour.
Review of Recent Trends in Measuring the Computing Systems Intelligence-Figure 1. Intelligence of different simple living creature (accessed 01.11.2017). 1.1. A carnivorous plants catching an insect (https://phys.org/news/2016-05-colombia-peace-reveal-jungle-species.html); 1.2. A colony of ants solving a very complex task (https://mappingignorance.org/2016/05/27/rafting-ants); 1.3. The collective behaviour of a school of fish (https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoaling_and_schooling)
<p>The biological intelligence of different life forms, ranging from very simple (such as plants) to very complex (such as humans) is the subject of many studies and a large amount of research. Frequent studies related to different kind of biological intelligence include: the intelligence of horses (Krueger, & Heinze, 2008; Krueger, Farmer, & Heinze, 2014; Schuetz, Farmer, & Krueger, 2016), intelligence of pigs (Broom, Sena, & Moynihan, 2009), intelligence of dogs (Coren, 1995), intelligence of primates (Reader, Hager, & Laland, 2011) and so one. Figures 1, 2, and 3 present some biological life forms that are frequently considered intelligent. Trewavas (2002; 2005) considered that plants intelligence should be based on principles such as their ability to adjust their morphology, and phenotype accordingly to ensure self- preservation and reproduction. Figure 1.1 presents an intelligent plant (carnivorous) that uses a strategy for catching very fast flying insects. In order to eat the insect, it makes a movement. Figure 1.1 presents the catching of an insect by a carnivorous plant. The intelligence of colonies of ants, termites and other insects that live in large colonies is considered at the colony level (Brady, Fisher, Schultz, & Ward, 2014; Johnson, Borowiec, Chiu, Lee, Atallah, & Ward, 2013). Figure 1.2 presents the coherent intelligent surviving behaviour of a colony of a species of ants. The ants make a structural reorganization in order to move on the surface of the water. Figure 1.3 presents a very large school of fish with an intelligent coherent collective feeding and self-protecting behaviour. Each individual fish has a very simple behavior. Based on this it cannot be considered intelligent. The intelligence in large schools of fish emerges at the collective level (Shaw, 1978; Parrish, Viscedo, & Grunbaum, 2002).</p>
Data for: Intergenerational genotypic interactions drive collective behavioural cycles in a social insect
<p>Many social animals display collective activity cycles based on synchronous behavioural oscillations across group members. A classic example is the colony cycle of army ants, where thousands of individuals undergo stereotypical biphasic behavioural cycles of about one month. Cycle phases coincide with brood developmental stages, but the regulation of this cycle is otherwise poorly understood. Here, we probe the regulation of cycle duration through interactions between brood and workers in an experimentally amenable army ant relative, the clonal raider ant. We first establish that cycle length varies across clonal lineages using long-term monitoring data. We then investigate the putative sources and impacts of this variation in a cross-fostering experiment with four lineages combining developmental, morphological, and automated behavioural tracking analyses. We show that cycle length variation stems from variation in the duration of the larval developmental stage, and that this stage can be prolonged not only by the clonal lineage of brood (direct genetic effects), but also of the workers (indirect genetic effects). We find similar indirect effects of worker line on brood adult size and, conversely but more surprisingly, indirect genetic effects of the brood on worker behaviour (walking speed and time spent in the nest).</p>
Evidence for individual discrimination and numerical assessment in collective antipredator behaviour in wild jackdaws (Corvus monedula)
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Data from: Quantification of collective behaviour via causality analysis
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Data for: Intergenerational genotypic interactions drive collective behavioural cycles in a social insect
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Research data supporting: "Non-trivial stimuli-responsive collective behaviours emerging from microscopic dynamic complexity in supramolecular polymer systems"
<p>Contains the relevant simulation data and input files. See "readme.txt" for information.</p>
Supplementary material S8: Mite jolting behaviour percentages observed in the full collection of individuals.
<p>Pie charts demonstrating the percentage of mite individuals observed jolting (left chart) and their longest jolting time durations (right chart). Percentages have been rounded to the nearest 10.</p>
Dataset and R script for Collection and Processing of Behavioural Data of the Olive Fruit Fly, Bactrocera oleae, when Exposed to Olive Twigs Treated with Different Commercial Products
<p>We provide raw data and R script for analysis of data published in:</p> <p>1) Daher, E.; Cinosi, N.; Chierici, E.; Rondoni, G.; Famiani, F.; Conti, E. Field and Laboratory Efficacy of Low-Impact Commercial<br> Products in Preventing Olive Fruit Fly, Bactrocera oleae, Infestation. Insects 2022, 13, 213. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13020213</p> <p>2) Daher, E.; Chierici, E.; Cinosi, N.; Rondoni, G.; Famiani, F.; Conti, E. Collection and Processing of Behavioural Data of the Olive Fruit Fly, <em>Bactrocera oleae</em>, when Exposed to Olive Twigs Treated with Different Commercial Products. <em>Data </em><strong>2022</strong>, <em>7</em>,</p>
Data from: Baboon travel progressions as a ‘social spandrel’ in collective animal behaviour
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Data from: Personality composition is more important than group size in determining collective foraging behaviour in the wild
Describing the factors that shape collective behaviour is central to our understanding of animal societies. Countless studies have demonstrated an effect of group size in the emergence of collective behaviours, but comparatively few have accounted for the composition/diversity of behavioural phenotypes, which is often conflated with group size. Here, we simultaneously examine the effect of personality composition and group size on nest architecture and collective foraging aggressiveness in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. We created colonies of two different sizes (10 or 30 individuals) and four compositions of boldness (all bold, all shy, mixed bold and shy, or average individuals) in the field and then measured their collective behaviour. Larger colonies produced bigger capture webs, while colonies containing a higher proportion of bold individuals responded to and attacked prey more rapidly. The number of attackers during collective foraging was determined jointly by composition and size, although composition had an effect size more than twice that of colony size: our results suggest that colonies of just 10 bold spiders would attack prey with as many attackers as colonies of 110 'average' spiders. Thus, personality composition is a more potent (albeit more cryptic) determinant of collective foraging in these societies.
Including population and environmental dynamic heterogeneities in continuum models of collective behaviour with applications to locust foraging and group structure Data and Code
<p>This dataset includes all data used for the creation of "Including dynamic population and environmental heterogeneity in continuum models of collective behaviour with applications to locust foraging and group structure" as well as a snapshot of the code used.<br><br>Each zip should be unzippable and the code should operate with only the contents of the zip file.</p>
Data from: Personality composition is more important than group size in determining collective foraging behaviour in the wild
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Preventive behaviours during the pandemic: the role of collective rituals, emotional synchrony, social norms, and moral obligation
<p>One of the main challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic is that it has necessitated a series of behavioural changes designed to stop the spread of the disease. This study focuses on collective processes with a social influence and intra-individual processes, as factors which mould preventive behaviours among Spanish citizens (<em>N</em> = 528). Using an on-line survey, we explored the impact of the ritual of collective applause (carried out daily for over 70 days), the role of perceived social norms in fostering preventive behaviours, and the mediating power of perceived emotional synchrony and a sense of moral obligation, as intra-individual processes. The dependent variables were preventive behaviours carried out in the past and intention to continue engaging in them in the future. </p>
Data from: Social behaviour and collective motion in plant-animal worms
Social behaviour may enable organisms to occupy ecological niches that would otherwise be unavailable to them. Here we test this major evolutionary principle by demonstrating self-organizing social behaviour in the plant-animal, Symsagittifera roscoffensis. These marine aceol flat worms rely for all of their nutrition on the algae within their bodies: hence their common name. We show that individual worms interact with one another to co-ordinate their movements so that even at low densities they begin to swim in small polarized groups and at increasing densities such flotillas turn into circular mills. We use computer simulations to: (1) determine if real worms interact socially by comparing them with virtual worms that do not interact and (2) show that the social phase transitions of the real worms can occur based only on local interactions between and among them. We hypothesize that such social behaviour helps the worms to form the dense biofilms or mats observed on certain sun-exposed sandy beaches in the upper intertidal of the East Atlantic and to become in effect a super-organismic seaweed in a habitat where macro-algal seaweeds cannot anchor themselves. S. roscoffensis, a model organism in many other areas in biology (including stem cell regeneration), also seems to be an ideal model for understanding how individual behaviours can lead, through collective movement, to social assemblages.
Data from: Conformity in the collective: differences in hunger affect individual and group behaviour in fish
Animal groups are often composed of individuals that vary according to behavioural, morphological and internal state parameters. Understanding the importance of such individual-level heterogeneity to the establishment and maintenance of coherent group responses is of fundamental interest in collective behaviour. We examined the influence of hunger on the individual and collective behaviour of groups of shoaling fish, x-ray tetras (Pristella maxillaris). Fish were assigned to one of two nutritional states, satiated or hungry, and then allocated to 5 treatments that represented different ratios of satiated to hungry individuals (8 hungry, 8 satiated, 4:4 hungry: satiated, 2:6 hungry: satiated, 6:2 hungry: satiated). Our data show that groups with a greater proportion of hungry fish swam faster and exhibited greater nearest-neighbour distances. Within groups, however, there was no difference in the swimming speeds of hungry versus well-fed fish, suggesting that group members conform and adapt their swimming speed according to the overall composition of the group. We also found significant differences in mean group transfer entropy, suggesting stronger patterns of information flow in groups comprising all, or a majority of, hungry individuals. In contrast, we did not observe differences in polarization, a measure of group coherence, within groups across treatments. Taken together these results demonstrate that the nutritional state of animals within social groups impacts both individual and group behaviour, and that members of heterogenous groups can adapt their behaviour to facilitate coherent collective motion.
Data from: Collective behaviour in vertebrates: a sensory perspective
Collective behaviour models can predict behaviours of schools, flocks, and herds. However, in many cases, these models make biologically unrealistic assumptions in terms of the sensory capabilities of the organism, which are applied across different species. We explored how sensitive collective behaviour models are to these sensory assumptions. Specifically, we used parameters reflecting the visual coverage and visual acuity that determine the spatial range over which an individual can detect and interact with conspecifics. Using metric and topological collective behaviour models, we compared the classic sensory parameters, typically used to model birds and fish, with a set of realistic sensory parameters obtained through physiological measurements. Compared with the classic sensory assumptions, the realistic assumptions increased perceptual ranges, which led to fewer groups and larger group sizes in all species, and higher polarity values and slightly shorter neighbour distances in the fish species. Overall, classic visual sensory assumptions are not representative of many species showing collective behaviour and constrain unrealistically their perceptual ranges. More importantly, caution must be exercised when empirically testing the predictions of these models in terms of choosing the model species, making realistic predictions, and interpreting the results.
Data from: Strain differences in the collective behaviour of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in heterogeneous environment
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Data from: Social behaviour and collective motion in plant-animal worms
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Data from: Conformity in the collective: differences in hunger affect individual and group behaviour in fish
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.